新型星载超宽带微波光子变频技术

传统的星载变频通道存在易受电磁干扰、动态范围受限、带宽瓶颈等不足,将微波光子技术引入卫星通信系统中,可克服电域信号变频的局限性,提升星载变频通道的性能。文章提出了一种基于并联马赫-增德尔调制器(MZM)与相干接收的宽带微波光子变频技术,通过采用相干接收方法,能够实现较好的共模噪声抑制,并降低谐波失真的影响,同时结合抑制载波调制方式所带来的优势,有效改善了变频无杂散动态范围等指标。通过实验验证,其杂散抑制比优于60 dB,无杂散动态范围优于100 dB·Hz2/3,为新型星载微波光子变频方案设计、实际应用提供了必要的理论依据与技术支撑。     

微波视频类电子装备通用测试系统的实现与应用

为了实现小批量多品种电子装备的通用测试,通过对微波视频类电子装备的测试指标、测试方法进行共性分析,将不同测试指标的仪器控制和测试方法封装成独立的测试模块,并采用XML技术和IVI技术,使测试仪器具有互换性,使用户可以对测试系统的测试仪器进行组合配置,自由选择测试方法,自由订制测试流程,并能生成测试报告,实现了微波视频类电子装备的通用测试;该通用测试系统已应用于多种电子装备测试中,减少了自动测试系统的重复开发,提高了测试效率,取得了良好的生产效益。     

基于多槽分桶的快速规则冲突检测算法

为解决企业海量规则集合中产生的规则自我冲突问题,提出了基于多槽分桶的快速规则冲突检测算法MSSB。该算法利用同槽实桶之间规则两两必不冲突特性,将复杂的冲突规则求解转换为线性时间内的不冲突规则求解,从而在稳定的空间和时间复杂度下有效解决规则冲突发现问题。先形式化描述了通用规则冲突和不冲突,并在合理的假设条件下证明了3个规则间关系的命题和同槽不冲突定理;然后提出了基于哈夫曼树和三角矩阵结构的MSSB算法;最终在国内民航典型机场的规则集合上完成了对比实验,结果表明新算法的冲突检测性能比Policytree算法相提高了36.2%。     

Time–frequency interpretation of multi-frequency signal from rotating machinery using an improved Hilbert–Huang transform

The Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) has proven to be a promising tool for the analysis of non-stationary signals commonly occurred in industrial machines. However, in practice, multi-frequency intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) and pseudo IMFs are likely generated and lead to grossly erroneous or even completely meaningless instantaneous frequencies, which raise difficulties in interpreting signal features by the HHT spectrum. To enhance the time–frequency resolution of the traditional HHT, an improved HHT is proposed in this study. By constructing a bank of partially overlapping bandpass filters, a series of filtered signals are obtained at first. Then a subset of filtered signals, each associated with certain energy-dominated components, are selected based on the maximal-spectral kurtosis–minimal-redundancy criterion and the information-related coefficient, and further decomposed by empirical mode decomposition to extract sets of IMFs. Furthermore, IMF selection scheme is applied to select the relevant IMFs on which the HHT spectrum is constructed. The novelty of this method is that the HHT spectrum is just constructed with the relevant, almost monochromatic IMFs rather than with the IMFs possibly with multiple frequency components or with pseudo components. The results on the simulated data, test rig data, and industrial gearbox data show that the proposed method is superior to the traditional HHT in feature extraction and can produce a more accurate time–frequency distribution for the inspected signal.     

A Physarum-inspired optimization algorithm for load-shedding problem

Load-shedding is an intentional reduction approach which can maintain the stability of a microgrid system effectively. Recent studies have shown that a load-shedding problem can be solved by formulating it as a 0/1 knapsack problem (KP). Although approximate solutions of 0/1 KP can be given by ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithms, adopting them requests a delicate consideration of the robustness, convergence rate and premature convergence. This paper proposes a new kind of Physarum-based hybrid optimization algorithm, denoted as PM-ACO, based on the critical paths reserved feature of Physarum-inspired mathematical (PM) model. Through adding additional pheromone to those important items selected by the PM model, PM-ACO improves the selection probability of important items and emerge a positive feedback process to generate optimal solutions. Comparing with other 0/1 KP solving algorithms, our experimental results demonstrate that PM-ACO algorithms have a stronger robustness and a higher convergence rate. Moreover, PM-ACO provides adaptable solutions for the load-shedding problem in a microgrid system.     

Achieving high energy storage performance of Pb(Lu1/2Nb1/2)O3 antiferroelectric ceramics via equivalent A-site engineering

Manipulating the critical switching field between antiferroelectric (AFE) state and ferroelectric (FE) is an important concept for tuning the energy storage performance of AFEs. As one of the lead-based AFE systems, Pb(Lu_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃ promises high potential in the miniaturization of pulsed power capacitors, but the extremely high critical switching field and low induced saturated polarization demonstrate severe drawbacks with respect to temperature stability and flexibility. Here, A-site Ba²⁺ doping engineering is used to effectively reduce the critical switching field and improve the saturated polarization in Ba_xPb_1-x(Lu_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃ (0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.08, abbreviated as xBa-PLN) ceramics. We found the AFE-FE phase transition can be occurred at 80ºC with a high energy storage density of 4.03 J/cm³ for Ba_0.06Pb_0.94(Lu_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃ ceramic. Our results show that Ba²⁺ additions destroy the antiparallel structure of AFE phase, and finally reduce the critical switching field, demonstrating a potential alternative to modulate the energy storage performance of AFEs.     

Relaxor antiferroelectric-like characteristic boosting enhanced energy storage performance in eco-friendly (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-based ceramics

Ideal relaxor antiferroelectrics (RAFEs) have high field-induced polarization, low remnant polarization and very slim hysteresis, which can generate high recoverable energy storage W_rec and high energy storage efficiency η, thus attracting much attention for energy storage applications. True RAFEs, on the other hand, are extremely rare, and the majority of them contain environmentally hazardous lead. In this work, we use a viscous polymer rolling process to synthesize a novel and eco-friendly 0.65Bi_0.5Na_0.4K_0.1TiO₃-0.35[2/3SrTiO₃-1/3Bi(Mg_2/3Nb_1/3)O₃] (BNKT-ST-BMN) dielectric material, which possesses a very typical RAFE-like characteristic. As a result, this material has a high W_rec of 4.43 J/cm³ and a η of 86% at an electric felid of 290 kV/cm, as well as a high thermal stability of W_rec (>3 J/cm³) over a wide range of 30–140 °C at 250 kV/cm. Our findings suggest that the BNKT-ST-BMN material could be a potential candidate for use in energy storage pulse capacitors.     

某天线弹射机构方案设计

通过对某天线弹射机构设计方案选择和设计的论述,说明了在微、小型空间进行往复式弹射机构设计时的一种方法和需要着重考虑的几个问题,可以作为同行进行类似设计时参考。     

共形天线表面微小焊盘视觉定位算法设计

共形天线是一种特殊形态的新型雷达天线,具有低剖面性以及低散射面积,是未来雷达天线发展的重要趋势之一。当前,共形天线的装配方式正由人工装配转向自动化装配以提升生产效率和批产一致性,但共形天线表面的焊盘尺寸小,数量多且分布在复杂曲面上,现有视觉定位算法难以满足实际使用需求。为此,文中提出了一种多目标亚像素定位算法。该算法结合了模板匹配和亚像素定位算法,可以同时给出多个焊盘的精准位置信息。由仿真分析与实验验证可知,该算法的视觉定位精度可达5 μm,有效提升了共形天线的装配质量。     

High recoverable energy storage density and large energy efficiency simultaneously achieved in BaTiO3–Bi(Zn1/2Zr1/2)O3 relaxor ferroelectrics

Relaxor ferroelectrics have attracted much attention as electric energy storage materials for intermittent energy storage because of their high saturated polarization, near-zero remnant polarizations, and considerable dielectric breakdown strength (BDS). Despite the numerous efforts, the dielectric energy storage performance of relaxor ferroelectric ceramics is incomplete or unsatisfactory. The enhancement of recoverable energy storage density W_rec usually accompanies with the sacrifice of discharge-to-charge energy efficiency η; therefore, it is an important issue to achieve high recoverable W_rec and large efficiency η simultaneously. In this work, the (1-x)BaTiO₃-xBi(Zn_1/2Zr_1/2)O₃ (abbreviated as BT-100xBZZ, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.20) ferroelectric ceramics were prepared using the conventional solid-state reaction method. The phase structure, microstructural morphology, dielectric and ferroelectric properties, relaxation behaviors, and energy storage properties of BT-BZZ ceramics were investigated in detail. X-ray powder diffraction, dielectric spectra, and ferroelectric properties confirm the transformation of tetragonal phase for normal ferroelectrics (BT) to pseudo-cubic phase for relaxor ferroelectrics (BT-8BZZ). A high recoverable energy storage density W_rec of 2.47 J/cm³ and a large energy efficiency η of 94.4% are simultaneously achieved in the composition of BT-12BZZ, which presents typical weakly coupled relaxor ferroelectric characteristics, with an activation energy E_a of 0.21 eV and a freezing temperature T_f of 139.7 K. Such excellent energy storage performance suggests that relaxor ferroelectric BT-12BZZ ceramics are promising dielectric energy storage materials for high-power pulsed capacitors.