A Web-based flood forecasting system for Shuangpai region

Traditional flood forecasting and operation of reservoirs in China are based on manual calculations by hydrologists or through standalone computer programs. The main drawbacks of these methods are long forecasting time due to time-consuming nature, individual knowledge, lack of communication, absence of experts, etc. A Web-based flood forecasting system (WFFS), which includes five main modules: real-time rainfall data conversion, model-driven hydrologic forecasting, model calibration, precipitation forecasting, and flood analysis, is presented in this paper. The WFFS brings significant convenience to personnel engaged in flood forecasting and control and allows real-time contribution of a wide range of experts at other spatial locations in times of emergency. The conceptual framework and detailed components of the proposed WFFS, which employs a multi-tiered architecture, are illustrated. Multi-tiered architecture offers great flexibility, portability, reusability and reliability. The prototype WFFS has been developed in Java programming language and applied in Shuangpai region with a satisfactory result.     

Sensor fault tolerant control using sliding mode observers

Previous work has considered the use of sliding mode observers for fault detection and isolation (FDI) in uncertain linear systems whereby the unknown faults are reconstructed by appropriate processing of the so-called equivalent output error injection. The paper builds on this work and considers such a scheme within the broader context of fault tolerant control. Specifically, by correcting the faulty measurement by an estimate of the fault obtained from the sliding mode FDI scheme, good closed-loop performance is still maintained. An example of such a scheme, which has been implemented in real-time on a laboratory dc motor rig, is described.     

Predator–prey optimization based clustering algorithm for wireless sensor networks

Neural Computing and Applications - Grouping the sensor nodes into clusters is an effective way to organize wireless sensor networks and to prolong the networks’ lifetime. This paper presents...     

Design optimization of the quantization and a pipelined 2D-DCT for real-time applications

The Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is one of the most widely used techniques for image compression. Several algorithms are proposed to implement the DCT-2D. The scaled SDCT algorithm is an optimization of the DCT-1D, which consists in gathering all the multiplications at the end. In this paper, in addition to the hardware implementation on an FPGA, an extended optimization has been performed by merging the multiplications in the quantization block without having an impact on the image quality. A simplified quantization has been performed also to keep higher the performances of the all chain. Tests using MATLAB environment have shown that our proposed approach produces images with nearly the same quality of the ones obtained using the JPEG standard. FPGA-based implementations of this proposed approach is presented and compared to other state of the art techniques. The target is an an Altera Cyclone II FPGA using the Quartus synthesis tool. Results show that our approach outperforms the other ones in terms of processing-speed, used resources and power consumption. A comparison has been done between this architecture and a distributed arithmetic based architecture.     

Simulation studies of inverted pendulum based on PID controllers

The inverted pendulum problem is one of the most important problems in control theory and has been studied excessively in control literatures. When a control system have more than two PID controllers, the adjustment of PID parameters is not an easy problem. In this paper, PID controllers are applied to the stabilization and tracking control of three types of inverted pendulum. The way how to design the PID controllers is given step by step in this paper. Simulation results prove that the way to design of PID controllers is very simple and effective. The system design not only can realize stabilization and tracking control of three types of inverted pendulum, but also have robustness to outer large and fast disturbances.     

基于Δ-Σ技术和FPGA的数据采集系统

为了改善传统数据采集系统运算能力差、分辨率低、可靠性低等缺点,结合Δ-Σ技术和FPGA,设计了一种多通道、高分辨率、宽动态范围的新型数据采集系统。提出了一种由Δ-ΣA/D转换芯片、高性能FPGA和DSP组成的数据采集系统方案及其硬件电路实现方法。系统利用A/D器件对信号进行滤波、放大、差分转换和模数转换,利用FPGA设计内部模块和时钟信号进行电路控制及实现数据缓存、数据传递等功能,由高速DSP芯片核心控制,对采样数据进行实时处理。系统能实现24位高分辨率、宽动态范围的信号数据采集与高速实时处理,可用于电压、电流、温度等参量的采集系统中。     

基于多温度信息融合的PCR仪

本系统采用双卡尔曼滤波器算法对多通道的试剂热辐射、环境温度和热源温度数据进行信息融合从而估计出多通道试剂表面温度的真实值,有效克服热成像仪的缺点.算法结合了迭代扩展卡尔曼滤波器(IEKF)非线性估计收敛快与线性卡尔曼滤波器(KF)实时性高的优点,实现了多通道实时滤波与温控.实验表明,滤波估计后的红外热成像仪可使误差由2℃降低到0.3℃;聚合酶链式反应(PCR)测试结果较为满意,恒温时间设置更加合理.     

三维矩阵可变分割彩色图像压缩编码

针对基于三维矩阵宽离散余弦变换的彩色图像压缩方法通常采用的固定尺寸的子阵分割方案和固定尺寸的变换编码。由于图像的不同区域具有不同的统计特性,故采用固定尺寸的分割方案不能有效利用图像本身的相关性,提出了一种三维矩阵可变分割的彩色图像压缩编码方法。该方法采用可变分割的子阵分割方案和变尺寸三维矩阵宽离散余弦变换。首先计算图像的活动性,根据图像活动性的大小将被编码图像划分成不同大小的三维子矩阵。对不同大小的子矩阵分别采用相应尺寸的三维矩阵宽离散余弦变换。变换系数采用非均匀标量量化和熵编码。实验结果表明该方法的压缩性能在低比特率时远远优于JPEG方法,在压缩比相同的情况下,PSNR最多有超过2 dB的提高,主观质量也有提升。     

Modelling and fast position control of a new unwinding–winding mechanism design

This paper concerns a very specific unwinding–winding system. It is used to study radioactive nuclei produced by various low energy beam appliances. Due to the short lifetime of the species considered, they have to be moved very fast from the collection point to the measuring station. To ensure the high displacement speed, a new combined dancer–accumulator mechanism has been developed. This paper focuses on the development of a non-linear model of the roll-to-roll system including the two dancer–accumulator mechanisms. Then the obtained simulation results are compared with measurements. Once the system model is validated, a new control strategy is proposed and discussed.