Improving weld formability by a novel dual-rotation bobbin tool friction stir welding

A novel dual-rotation bobbin tool friction stir welding (DBT-FSW) was developed, in which the upper shoulder (US) and lower shoulder (LS) have different rotational speeds. This process was tried to weld 3.2 mm thick aluminum-lithium alloy sheets. The metallographic analysis and torque measurement were carried out to characterize the weld formability. Experimental results show that compared to conventional bobbin tool friction stir welding, the DBT-FSW has an excellent process stability, and can produce the defect-free joints in a wider range of welding parameters. These can be attributed to the significant improvement of material flow caused by the formation of a staggered layer structure and the unbalanced force between the US and LS during the DBT-FSW process.     

CZ－2CFP离轨方案分析

针对ＣＺ－２Ｃ／ＦＰ（分配器）的离轨要求，对被动和主动两种离轨方案进行计算、分析和比较，最后选择主动离轨方案对ＣＺ－２ＣＦＰ在卫星分离后进行离轨，即在卫星分离后，用箭上姿控喷管将ＦＰ调姿至所需姿态，然后用剩余推进剂离轨，改变ＦＰ的轨道，使近地点高度降低，加快轨道衰减，达到离轨目的。这种主动离轨方案直接利用箭上姿控系统进行离轨，无需重新设计新的离轨系统，从而保持了原系统的简单和可靠并可以节省大量的经费。而且，主动离轨方案可以将ＦＰ同其它在轨飞行物之间的碰撞概率减小两个数量级还多，这对保证卫星的安全有很大的好处。     

Reliability-based robust design optimization: A general methodology using genetic algorithm

In this paper, we present an improved general methodology including four stages to design robust and reliable products under uncertainties. First, as the formulation stage, we consider reliability and robustness simultaneously to propose the new formulation of reliability-based robust design optimization (RBRDO) problems. In order to generate reliable and robust Pareto-optimal solutions, the combination of genetic algorithm with reliability assessment loop based on the performance measure approach is applied as the second stage. Next, we develop two criteria to select a solution from obtained Pareto-optimal set to achieve the best possible implementation. Finally, the result verification is performed with Monte Carlo Simulations and also the quality improvement during manufacturing process is considered by identifying and controlling the critical variables. The effectiveness and applicability of this new proposed methodology is demonstrated through a case study.     

Nonlinear buckling optimization of composite structures

The paper presents an approach to nonlinear buckling fiber angle optimization of laminated composite shell structures. The approach accounts for the geometrically nonlinear behaviour of the structure by utilizing response analysis up until the critical point. Sensitivity information is obtained efficiently by an estimated critical load factor at a precritical state. In the optimization formulation, which is formulated as a mathematical programming problem and solved using gradient-based techniques, a number of the lowest buckling factors are included such that the risk of “mode switching” during optimization is avoided. The presented optimization formulation is compared to the traditional linear buckling formulation and two numerical examples, including a large laminated composite wind turbine main spar, to clearly illustrate the pitfalls of the traditional formulation and the advantage and potential of the presented approach.     

考虑空泡界面相变作用的空化模型及应用

基于Rayleigh-Plesset方程,在考虑空泡界面上的相变作用后,导出了一个新的空化模型,并利用此模型模拟了次生空泡的发育与溃灭.新空化模型应用于半球头航行体的结果表明:由于次生空泡不断溃灭与发育,模型表面压力由较高的溃灭压力和较低的空泡压力交替分布;随着空化数的降低,主空泡逐渐变大,次生空泡区逐渐向模型尾部移动并脱落.     

Continuous-Wave Interference Mitigation for Acquisition Method in Unified Carrier TT&C Systems

An interference mitigation for acquisition method, based on both energy center and spectrum symmetry detection, has been proposed as a possible solution to the problem of signal acquisition susceptibility to continuous-wave interference (CWI)in unified carrier telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) systems.With subcarrier modulation index as a priori condition, the existence of CWI is determined by comparing the energy center with the symmetric center.In the presence of interference, the interference frequency point is assumed and culled; sequentially, the spectral symmetry is used to verify whether the signal acquisition is realized. Theoretical analysis, simulations, and experimental results demonstrate that the method can realize the acquisition of the main carrier target signal with an interference-to-signal ratio of 31 dB, which represents an improvement over the existing continuous-wave interference mitigation for acquisition methods.     

An unscented Kalman filter based navigation algorithm for autonomous underwater vehicles

Robust and performing navigation systems for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) play a discriminant role towards the success of complex underwater missions involving one or more AUVs. The quality of the filtering algorithm for the estimation of the AUV navigation state strongly affects the performance of the overall system. In this paper, the authors present a comparison between the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) approach, classically used in the field of underwater robotics and an Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF). The comparison results to be significant as the two strategies of filtering are based on the same process and sensors models. The UKF-based approach, here adapted to the AUV case, demonstrates to be a good trade-off between estimation accuracy and computational load. UKF has not yet been extensively used in practical underwater applications, even if it turns out to be quite promising. The proposed results rely on the data acquired during a sea mission performed by one of the two Typhoon class vehicles involved in the NATO CommsNet13 experiment (held in September 2013). As ground truth for performance evaluation and comparison, performed offline, position measurements obtained through Ultra-Short BaseLine (USBL) fixes are used. The result analysis leads to identify both the strategies as effective for the purpose of being included in the control loop of an AUV. The UKF approach demonstrates higher performance encouraging its implementation as a more suitable navigation algorithm even if, up to now, it is still not used much in this field.     

连续突变系统动力学建模

在虚拟样机仿真分析软件ADAMS(Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems)建模中,若某一构件的约束条件在运动过程中发生连续突变则难以建立与物理现象相符的系统模型。基于多体动力学对这一问题进行分析,针对同一约束在运动过程中发生连续突变现象提出了预定义约束的策略。实例仿真表明:预定义约束的策略能够模拟实际物理现象,实现系统的全局仿真并得到与试验相符的结果曲线。     

面向总装的航天运载器三维数字化装配设计技术

对三维数字样机的技术现状进行了总结,归纳了传统二维总装图样的主要内容,分析以三维数字化总装出图代替二维总装图样的优势,提出三维数字化总装出图取代传统二维总装图样的技术方法,并对三维数字化总装出图的主要组成部分及表达形式进行阐述.     

载人火箭的遥测系统

火箭遥测系统的作用是对火箭飞行过程中所有的动态参数进行测量,并以无线发射形式将数据实时发送回地面。载人运载火箭的遥测系统不仅承担了火箭飞行过程中所有动态参数的测量,而且是载人火箭在故障判决工作中的重要组成部分,承担着火箭Ⅰ、Ⅱ类参数的测量和传输,为提高系统可靠性采取了大量行之有效的办法,在系统的关键部分和薄弱环节采取多种形式的冗余、并联等可靠性设计,系统及参数测量的可靠性达到同行业中较高水平。文章对遥测系统的研制任务、系统组成、关键技术和高可靠性等方面进行全面介绍。