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研究了将碳纳米管(MWNTs)作为一种新型分析增效试剂与非离子表面活性剂-曲拉通X-100(TritonX-100)的协同增敏作用机理,并应用于Cu^2+与二溴羟基苯基荧光酮(DBH—PF)的络合显色体系中。结果表明,在MWNTs与TritonX-100复配的影响下,在pH=6.0~7.0磷酸盐缓冲溶液中DBH—PF与Cu^2+形成红色络合物,其最大吸收红移至570nm,吸收值提高了222.3%。Cu^2+含量在1~100.04μg/mL范围内符合比耳定律,回归方程A=0.141C+0.028(C,0.04μg/mL),表观摩尔吸光系数£=2.38×10^5L/(mol·cm),R=0.9994。在最佳实验条件下,对中草药肉桂和黄连中的铜含量进行了测定,得到了满意的结果。 相似文献
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基于Landsat遥感影像数据,利用平均高潮线法提取了1986—2015年的海岸线,运用GIS技术分析了黄河三角洲东营段面积的淤蚀变化、海岸线迁移特征及其时空变化规律,以及淤蚀变化与入海水沙的关系。结果表明:1986—1997年黄河三角洲东营段处于持续蚀退状态,蚀退面积约为180 km~2;1997—2006年淤积后面积相对稳定,2006年面积和1986年相差不大;自2008年开始呈现轻微蚀退状态;蚀退速率和淤积速率最快的时段分别为2011—2013年和1997—1999年。海岸线时空变化特征显著,黄河入海口段变化最为剧烈,海岸线方向和形态不断变化,向海延伸;东营港及邻近岸段区域面积基本稳定;刁口段、莱州湾岸段年间淤进和蚀退交替进行,总体上均处于蚀退状态。黄河三角洲东营段海岸线变化主要受黄河流路变化、入海水沙和海水侵蚀的影响,黄河调水调沙工程的长期实施对于近年来河口海岸线的变迁具有深刻影响。 相似文献
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采用熔融纺丝法制备超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)/二氧化硅(SiO_2)渔用纳米复合单丝,并研究了牵伸倍数和纳米粒子含量对UHMWPE单丝结构、热性能、力学性能及动态力学行为的影响。结果表明,纳米SiO_2在UHMWPE单丝基体中的分散为纳米级分散,且分布均匀。当纳米SiO_2含量增加时,熔点和结晶度基本不变,而UHMWPE/SiO_2纳米复合单丝的取向度增大,断裂强度和结节强度增大。动态力学分析表明,当纳米SiO_2含量增加时,纳米粒子与聚乙烯链段相互作用力增强,晶区附近受限的非晶区链段增多,α转变峰逐渐增强增宽。通过纳米改性技术,能够显著改变聚乙烯单丝的粘弹性能,并使聚乙烯单丝的力学性能提高,为实现渔用聚乙烯纤维材料的改性与高性能化提供了理论和技术支撑。 相似文献
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目的 中尺度海洋锋及涡旋均是重要的中尺度海洋环境特征。中尺度海洋锋及涡旋的提取及其时空分布、变化的研究对海洋生态系统的研究、渔业资源评估、渔情预报及军事等都有重要意义。遥感技术能在同一时间获取大面积海洋要素观测数据,遥感数据具有优良的连续性、同步性,因此遥感数据被广泛应用于中尺度海洋锋及涡旋提取的研究中。方法 对基于遥感数据进行中尺度海洋锋提取的梯度法、Canny算法、小波分析法和基于引力模型的方法,以及涡旋的提取的Okubo-Weiss法(OW法)、Winding-Angle法(WA法)、基于海面高度的无阈值等值线法和Hybird Detection(HD法)进行总结和分析,并提出对中尺度海洋锋面及涡旋提取方法的见解及新思路。结果 利用2014年2月南海北部海表温度(SST)数据,分别采用梯度法中的Gradient法、Sobel算法以及Canny算法对南海北部温度锋进行提取并得到该区域温度锋分布图。结果 明在多种锋面提取方法中,Canny算法具有较高的效率且其提取结果的连续性和精度更好。中尺度涡的提取方法中,WA法的提取结果具有更好的准确性。早期的中尺度涡提取方法忽略了多中心结构涡旋存在的情况,而后来的HD法能较好地识别多中心结构涡旋。结论 阈值选取是中尺度海洋锋及涡旋提取的难点和提取结果好坏的关键。然而海洋要素图像弱边缘的特点使得传统边缘检测方法不一定适用于中尺度锋提取。文章通过对不同锋面及涡旋提取方法的总结与分析,为海洋锋面及涡旋提取的研究提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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将群桩筏板基础离散成桩和弹性板,桩筏基础与地基的共同作用转化为桩、弹性板与地基之间的力与位移协调分析。对不同的地基模型求解相应的地基柔度系数,同时将桩作为弹性杆件求解其柔度系数,并将筏板视为地基上的四边自由矩形板,求出其在地基反力、桩顶反力和外荷载以及简支边广义位移共同作用下的位移,最后通过力和位移协调建立桩、筏、地基之间的共同作用方程并求解。算例对比表明半解析半数值方法具有较好的精度,能满足实际工程计算需要。 相似文献
8.
Samples were prepared using stem xylem from cottonwood (Populus deltoides) and two cottonwood hybrids (P. deltoides × Populus maximowiczii and P. deltoides × Populus trichocarpa), which grew in Tennessee, United States. The anatomical characteristics, microfibril angle, and mechanical properties of the cell wall in juvenile wood (two-year-old) were investigated by means of microscopy image analysis system, X-ray diffraction, and nanoindentation (NI). The results showed that the double-wall thickness of the fiber cells in the hybrid poplars was thicker than that of the pure poplar, and the ratio of wall to lumen of fiber cell (0.40) of the P. deltoides × P. trichocarpa, which had the slowest growth rate, reached the greatest value among the three poplar clones. Their microfibril angles (MFA) of the cell wall in the investigated samples ranged between 11.5° and 16.7°, and they correlated positively with growth rates of the three poplar clones. The average hardness and reduced elastic modulus were 0.25 GPa and 8.58 GPa for P. deltoides, 0.28 GPa and 8.34 GPa for P. deltoides × P. maximowiczii, and 0.31 GPa and 12.2 GPa for P. deltoides × P. trichocarpa, respectively. P. deltoides × P. trichocarpa with the slowest growth rate had the greatest micromechanical values among the three poplar clones. In combination with growth characteristics of the three poplar clones, the findings of the analyses on their wood properties provided information-rich data that not only could describe juvenile wood properties but also could be used in selective breeding for the three poplar clones in Tennessee, USA. 相似文献
9.
《Food Control》2014
We evaluated the usefulness of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) using a portable ESE Quant tube scanner as a rapid and simple method for the detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, an important pathogen causing seafood-borne gastroenteritis. The real time LAMP (RT-LAMP) assay using a hemolysin gene (tlh/ldh)-specific primers was verified using V. parahaemolyticus strains (n = 91) from different countries and other non-target strains to check the utility of this method. Both the sensitivity and specificity of the RT-LAMP using 3 pairs of tlh/ldh-specific primers developed in this study were excellent (100%). The detection limit of the RT-LAMP was as low as 7 Colony forming unit per reaction and detection time was only 20 min. Comparative evaluation of the target bacterial strains with the RT-LAMP using ESE Quant tube scanner, API 20E system and conventional RT-PCR method revealed that the RT-LAMP assay developed in this study is simpler and more rapid than the latter two methods. Therefore, the RT-LAMP method using the easily portable ESE Quant tube scanner can be considered as an effective tool for the rapid screening of V. parahaemolyticus strains in environmental and clinical samples, especially, in remote areas of developing countries during epidemic periods. 相似文献
10.
José Juan Carbajal-Hernández Luis P. Sánchez-Fernández Jesús A. Carrasco-Ochoa José Fco Martínez-Trinidad 《Expert systems with applications》2012,39(12):10571-10582
The continuous monitoring of physical, chemical and biological parameters in shrimp culture is an important activity for detecting potential crisis that can be harmful for the organisms. Water quality can be assessed through toxicological tests evaluated directly from water quality parameters involved in the ecosystem; these tests provide an indicator about the water quality. The aim of this study is to develop a fuzzy inference system based on a reasoning process, which involves aquaculture criteria established by official organizations and researchers for assessing water quality by analyzing the main factors that affect a shrimp ecosystem. We propose to organize the water quality parameters in groups according to their importance; these groups are defined as daily, weekly and by request monitoring. Additionally, we introduce an analytic hierarchy process to define priorities for more critical water quality parameters and groups. The proposed system analyzes the most important parameters in shrimp culture, detects potential negative situations and provides a new water quality index (WQI), which describes the general status of the water quality as excellent, good, regular and poor. The Canadian water quality and other well-known hydrological indices are used to compare the water quality parameters of the shrimp water farm. Results show that WQI index has a better performance than other indices giving a more accurate assessment because the proposed fuzzy inference system integrates all environmental behaviors giving as result a complete score. This fuzzy inference system emerges as an appropriated tool for assessing site performance, providing assistance to improve production through contingency actions in polluted ponds. 相似文献