Achieving superior hydrogen storage properties via in-situ formed nanostructures: A high-capacity Mg–Ni alloy with La microalloying

Mg-based hydride is a promising hydrogen storage material, but its capacity is hindered by the kinetic properties. In this study, Mg–Mg₂Ni–LaH_x nanocomposite is formed from the H-induced decomposition of Mg₉₈Ni_1·67La_0.33 alloy. The hydrogen capacity of 7.19 wt % is reached at 325 °C under 3 MPa H₂, attributed to the ultrahigh hydrogenation capacity in Stage I. The hydrogen capacity of 5.59 wt % is achieved at 175 °C under 1 MPa H₂. The apparent activation energies for hydrogen absorption and desorption are calculated as 57.99 and 107.26 kJ/mol, which are owing to the modified microstructure with LaH_x and Mg₂Ni nanophases embedding in eutectic, and tubular nanostructure adjacent to eutectic. The LaH_2.49 nanophase can catalyze H₂ molecules to dissociate and H atoms to permeate due to its stronger affinity with H atoms. The interfaces of these nanophases provide preferential nucleation sites and alleviate the “blocking effect” together with tubular nanostructure by providing H atoms diffusion paths after the impingement of MgH₂ colonies. Therefore, the superior hydrogenation properties are achieved because of the rapid absorption process of Stage I. The efficient synthesis of nano-catalysts and corresponding mechanisms for improving hydrogen storage properties have important reference to related researches.     

积分中值屈服准则解析厚板轧制椭圆速度场

为解决非线性Mises比塑性功率积分困难以及由此导致的轧制功率解析式难以获得的问题,本文通过建立并利用线性比塑性功率表达式对提出的椭圆速度场进行能量分析,得到了轧制力能参数的解析解.文中通过对变角度屈服函数求积分中值,构建了一个新的屈服准则,它是主应力分量的线性组合,在π平面上的轨迹是逼近Mises圆的等边非等角的十二边形,其基于Lode参数表达式的理论结果也与实验数据吻合较好.同时,根据厚板轧制时金属流动速度从入口到出口逐渐增大的特点,提出了水平速度分量满足椭圆方程的速度场,该速度场满足运动许可条件.通过相应的轧制能量分析,获得了基于线性屈服准则的内部变形功率以及基于应变矢量内积法上的摩擦功率与剪切功率.在此之上,通过泛函的极值变分导出了轧制力矩、轧制力以及应力状态系数的解析解,并与现场实测数据进行了对比,结果表明利用本文提出的屈服准则与速度场所建立的轧制力矩与轧制力模型与实测值吻合较好,其中轧制力误差小于5.3%,轧制力矩误差在6%左右.     

Producing fully-lamellar microstructure for wrought beta-gamma TiAl alloys without single α-phase field

Fine-grained fully-lamellar (FL) microstructure is desired for TiAl components to serve as compressor/turbine blades and turbocharger turbine wheels. This study deals with the process and phase transformation to produce FL microstructure for Mo stabilized beta-gamma TiAl alloys without single α-phase field. Unlike the α + γ two-phased TiAl or beta-gamma TiAl with single α-phase field, the wrought multi-phase TiAl–4/6Nb–2Mo–B/Y alloys exhibit special annealing process to obtain FL microstructure. Short-term annealing at temperatures slightly above β-transus is recommended to produce the desired FL microstructure. The related mechanism is to guarantee the sufficient diffusion homogenization of β stabilizers during single β-phase annealing, and further avoid α decomposition by α → γ + β when cooling through α + β + γ phase field. The colony boundary β phase contributes to fine-grained nearly FL microstructure, by retarding the coarsening of the α phase grains.     

Corner forming of AZ61A magnesium alloy tube within warm hydroforming

The corners with small radii on cross sections are crucial for forming hydroformed components with polygonal sections.In this paper,warm hydroforming experiments of AZ61A magnesium alloy tubes were carried out to study the forming regularity of round corners by using a demonstration part with square sections.Effects of temperature on radius forming,thinning ratio distribution and microstructure were revealed and a component with relative outer corner radius of 3.0 was obtained by warm hydroforming at 240℃.The minimum thickness of the formed square section was located in the transition position between the corner and the straight wall.The thinning ratio of the round corner increased with the increase of forming temperature.Formability of the magnesium tube was improved by raising temperature under the effect of dynamic recrystallization at 240℃.     

Synthesis and properties of bulk nanocrystalline Mg2Si through ball-milling and reactive hot-pressing

1 Introduction The intermetallic compound Mg2Si is useful as strengthening phase in the metal matrix composites (MMC) due to its low density (1.99 g/cm3) and high strength-to-mass ratio[1?5]. It is also promising as a basic material for thermoelectric ene…     

内压支撑下薄壁管弯曲变形力学分析

管件内压弯曲又称为管件充液弯曲,具有减小截面畸变,延缓薄壁管内侧失稳起皱,提高弯曲成形极限等优点。支撑内压在其中起到了关键性的作用,对于环向和轴向的应力应变分量具有重要影响。采用塑性理论,对内压和弯矩共同作用下的薄壁管弯曲变形进行理论分析。考虑内压对微元平衡方程的影响,建立一个新的理论分析模型,通过求解非线性方程组,得到薄壁管应力应变的分布规律,定量分析内压对薄壁管应力应变的影响趋势。同时通过将有限元分析得到的应力应变分量的信息,与理论解进行对比发现,理论预测和模拟结果相符合,验证所建立的理论分析模型的可靠性。结果表明,轴向和环向应力随内压升高均大大提高,环向应变随内压升高线性递增,而厚向应变线性减小。     

Insights into the long-term stability of the magnesia modified H-ZSM-5 as an efficient solid acid for steam reforming of dimethyl ether

The long-term performance of the bifunctional catalyst composed of MgO-modified H-ZSM-5 and Cu/ZnO/Al₂O₃ for steam reforming of dimethyl ether (SRD) is studied under the same conditions. Although the surface chemical state and acid property of 1.55–2.47 wt% MgO modified H-ZSM-5 are almost the same, a significant impact of MgO contents on the stability of the bifunctional catalyst is observed from the 50 h SRD results. The initial dimethyl ether conversion (around 100%) and H₂ yield (∼95%) over the optimal bifunctional catalyst with 2.17 wt% MgO modified H-ZSM-5 is still kept over 90% at 50 h. Combining the characterization data of spent catalysts and SRD results, the synergetic effect between the MgO-modified H-ZSM-5 and Cu/ZnO/Al₂O₃ is rigorously revealed as the key factor in determining the stability of the bifunctional catalyst for SRD. These results demonstrate that MgO-modified H-ZSM-5 is a promising and efficient solid acid for SRD.     

Influence of quenching rate on microstructure and dimensional stability of Al–Cu–Mg–Si alloy

With the development of precision instrument in space industry fields, increasing attention has been devoted to improve the dimensional stability of structural materials. In this study, the influence of quenching rate on microstructure, residual stress and dimensional stability of Al–Cu–Mg–Si alloy was studied. The results showed that boil water quenching resulted in very low residual stress but unsatisfactory mechanical properties. In contrast, low residual stress and good mechanical property were achieved by quenching the sample into 80°C water. Residual stress has a significant influence on the thermal dimensional stability. The thermal dimensional stability of sample quenched in 80°C water is better than that of sample quenched in 20°C water due to lower residual stress in 80°C water-quenched sample.     

Heating characterization of the thickness-through fatigue crack in metal plate using sonic IR imaging

In sonic IR imaging, a major problem is exploring the heating characteristics of crack vicinity to guide the optimization of the test conditions. In this paper, the crack's heating characteristics of the metallic plate with an artificial fatigue crack has been studied. Experimental results showed that the during ultrasonic excitation the temperature rise of crack vicinity at the plate's excitation side is higher than that at its opposite side, whereas the total heating efficiency of the crack face appears to be stable. Through the profile mapping of the crack face, the frictional heating is mainly concentrated near the excitation side. Based on this phenomenon, we built a mathematical heat transfer model to calculate the temperature distribution of the crack vicinity and investigated the heating features of crack faces. Additionally, the mathematical model gives a quantitative relation between the depth of the heat source and the ratio of the temperature distribution of the crack vicinity at opposite side to that at the front side. This study aims to provide a quantitative evaluation method for locating the frictional heating areas in sonic IR imaging.