Numerical Simulation of Energy Saving Potential in Dispersing Process of Blasted Smoke in Mines

The dispersing process of the blasted smoke in underground mines by ventilation is very important for the safety of personnel, and its energy consumption is also worthy of concern. In this study, the impact of supply air flow rate on the decay process of harmful gases and fan energy, and the role of harmful gases buried by blasted pile in the smoke dispersing process is analyzed with three-dimensional numerical simulation. According to the results, air flow facilitates quick smoke dispersion and the gas emits from the blasted pile is only significant at the beginning of ventilation. It is thus recommended that large amount of air supply is taken to disperse the smoke quickly until the concentration of harmful gases reaches relevant standards, and reduce the amount of air in the remain time with frequency conversion technology to save energy. In the given study, 12 m/s air flow rate is taken for dispersing smoke and 3 m/s air flow rate is taken for the waiting time. The energy consumption for ventilation is reduced by about 50％. In addition, due to the gases in the blasted pile remains very high concentration after the dispersing process, it is recommended to keep suitable amount of ventilation in the consequent process.     

微囊藻毒素分子印迹聚合物的制备及性能研究

以微囊藻毒素MC-LR为模板,采用本体聚合法制备微囊藻毒素分子印迹聚合物,优化制备过程.通过电子显微镜、孔隙度分析、红外吸收等对其进行表征,并研究其反应机理和吸附性能.结果表明,单体∶模板∶交联剂配比为0.9×106∶1∶1.2×106,洗脱时间25 min时为优选条件,最大吸附量为153.7μg/g,此分子印迹聚合物对MC-LR具有显著的特异性吸附作用.     

耐根穿刺TPO防水卷材干铺法施工技术研究

种植屋面技术难点在于屋面结构层与功能层的耐根系穿刺能力,而本文即对耐根穿刺型TPO防水卷材的施工技术作为研究对象,简要介绍了该材料在屋面应用中干铺法施工技术实施的方法,并结合施工质量得出相应的保证措施。     

Synthesis and characterization of EuBa2Ca2Cu3O9−x: The influence of temperature on dielectric properties and charge transport mechanism

High dielectric constant materials have a crucial importance for various microelectronic applications such as memory devices, supercapacitors etc. Among other insulators, perovskite structured oxide materials attract great interest not only for their high dielectric constants but also their unique electrical and magnetic properties such as superconductivity etc. From this point of view, a new Europium based copper oxide layered material with perovskite structure (EuBa₂Ca₂Cu₃O_9−x coded as Eu-1223) has been synthesized by solid state reaction method in this work. The physical and chemical properties of Eu-1223 have been determined by FTIR, SEM, XRF, XRD, TGA and DTA techniques. The influence of temperature on impedance and dielectric properties of Eu-1223 has been investigated by impedance spectroscopy measurements performed within the frequency interval of 5 Hz–13 MHz between 298 K and 408 K temperatures. It has been found that the Eu-1223 material has high dielectric constants at each temperature operated. In addition, Eu-1223 sample behaves as a colossal dielectric material up to 300 kHz for 408 K due to observation of dielectric constant values which are greater than 10³. Furthermore, it has been revealed that Eu-1223 material can be used as thermally sensitive resistors in electronic circuits due to its decreasing resistance with increasing temperature. Moreover, it has been observed that the relaxation frequency of the system shifts from 46.5 kHz (low frequency radio wave band) to 1.57 MHz (mid frequency radio wave band) as the temperature increasing from 298 K to 408 K. According to dc conductivity investigations, the variation of dc conductivity with the inverse of temperature satisfies linear relationship that indicates a thermally activated nearest neighbor hopping conduction. On the other hand, it has been determined that ac conductivity has frequency dependent relation which obeys ω^s for the high frequency region. Furthermore, the frequency exponent, s, which takes values between 0.7 and 0.4, shows a decreasing behavior with increasing temperature. In conclusion, ac charge transport mechanism has been predicted as correlated barrier hoping for Eu-1223.     

含Nb元素堆焊层金属中碳化物的析出行为

以堆焊连铸辊为研究对象,研制三种不同合金元素Nb加入量的药芯焊丝,采用金相显微镜和扫描电镜对其显微组织、碳化物形貌进行了观察. 采用X射线衍射仪对其相结构进行了测定. 采用Thermo-Calc软件对含铌堆焊层金属中碳化物的析出行为进行分析. 结果表明,堆焊层金属显微组织为铁素体、M₂₃C₆和MC. 随着Nb元素含量增加,其显微组织得到细化,NbC沿晶界析出. 热力学计算结果表明,析出碳化物主要为MC,M₂₃C₆. 随着Nb元素含量的增加,MC析出量增多,M₂₃C₆析出量减小. MC中主要是Nb元素,并溶解了一定量的Mo,V,Cr和Fe元素;M₂₃C₆中主要是Fe,Cr元素,即Nb元素含量变化主要影响MC型碳化物.     

Microwave sintering of copper–graphite composites

Microwave processing is a distinctive and alternative technique when compared with the available processes such as material synthesis, sintering, and processing utilizing the conventional heating sources. Owing to microwave–material molecular interaction, microwave heating is of internal and faster. This results in improved quality of the product with time and energy savings. Metal at its bulk form reflects microwaves; however in its powder form, it couples with microwaves. This work emphasizes on the development of copper–graphite metal matrix composite for electrical sliding contact applications through microwave hybrid heating (2.45 GHz, 3.2 kW). The fabricated composites were tested for their mechanical properties such as porosity, relative density and hardness. Microstructural aspects were studied through SEM.     

Electrochemical behavior of Cu in the (NaCl-KCl-CuCl) molten salt

The electrochemical reaction mechanism and electrocrystallization process of Cu on copper electrode in the eutectic NaCl-KCl-CuCl molten salt were investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry and chronoamperometry technique at 710 C. The results show that the electrochemical reaction process of Cu is a quasi-reversible process mix-controlled by Cu + diffusion rate and electron transport rate; the electrochemical reduction mechanism is Cu + +e→Cu; the electrocry stallization process of co...     

Formation of transfer layer and its effect on friction and wear of carbon–graphite face seal under dry,water and steam environments

The present work aims to explore the friction and wear characteristics of antimony-impregnated-carbon–graphite material used in steam rotary joint and to study the transfer of graphite films from seals to mating metal surfaces. An experimental facility consisting of a 1.3 MPa capacity boiler to supply saturated steam, a torque sensor, a displacement sensor, two thermocouples, a data acquisition system, a bakelite coupling to insulate the torque sensor, a 2237 W (3 hp) A.C. motor with frequency drive to control the rotational speed of shafts, and actual rotary joint has been developed to measure the instant friction losses and calculate the wear loss of four seals used in rotary joint. Wear loss, friction torque and surface temperature of sealing surfaces have been measured under dry, water and steam lubrication conditions. The obtained results are tabulated and plotted for quick understanding of experimental findings. Discussions on the excessive wear rate due to the presence of abundant water, misalignment and closing force are presented. Finally design changes to enhance the seal life are recommended.     

酸性球团还原过程中微观结构变化研究

在实验室模拟高炉条件下研究球团还原过程,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)测定球团在不同还原温度下的物相组成,通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜(SEM)观察球团还原过程中微观结构的变化。研究结果表明:球团在还原过程中出现分层现象,由低温下外层磁铁矿-核心赤铁矿逐渐转变为高温下外层金属铁-核心浮士体;球团还原停滞现象首先由生成的渣膜包裹铁氧化物颗粒,引起还原速率降低,之后生成密实金属铁壳阻碍还原气体进入球团内部,进一步减慢还原速率。     

运用英语流程图诊断数控机床故障问题

英语已成为数控专业高技能人才的基本素质要求之一,而诊断数控机床的故障问题是数控专业学生常见的工作任务,尝试基于“工学一体化”教学模式,以期为培养数控专业学生英语运用能力提供一些参考。