Robust parametric approach for tracking control of an air-breathing hypersonic cruise vehicle

To realize the stabilization and the tracking of flight control for an air-breathing hypersonic cruise vehicle, the linearization of the longitudinal model under trimmed cruise condition is processed firstly. Furthermore, the flight control problem is formulated as a robust model tracking control problem. And then, based on the robust parametric approach, eigenstructure assignment and reference model tracking theory, a parametric optimization method for robust controller design is presented. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

基于隐马尔可夫模型的陀螺仪漂移预测

针对陀螺仪实验数据的有限性和非平稳性,提出了基于自回归(AR)模型和隐马尔科夫模型(HMM)的陀螺漂移预测方法。首先利用AR模型参数能够敏感状态变化规律的特性,提取陀螺漂移数据的自回归系数作为特征量;然后对具有混合高斯输出的HMM进行训练;最后对陀螺仪的状态进行加权预测,改进了趋势预测的方法,解决了陀螺漂移在小样本数据条件下的预测问题。实验分析了加权模型阶数和HMM状态数对陀螺漂移预测结果的影响,并验证了预测方法的有效性。     

Atomistic study of lateral contact stiffness in friction force microscopy

The effective stiffness of a friction force microscope tip–substrate system is an important parameter that describes the relationship between lateral force and elastic deformation. In this study, we use a multi-spring model to simplify the system, where two contributions, the tip apex stiffness and the lateral contact stiffness, are discussed in detail. Molecular dynamics simulations are used to characterize stiffness by simulating a tip apex subject to shear or sliding over a substrate surface. The results show that, although the height of the tip apex and tip–substrate orientation affect the various stiffness contributions, the contact itself dominates the overall compliance.     

“军事通信基础”PPT的创意与实现

在"军事通信基础"课件的设计和制作中,详细分析了课程标准、课程特点和授课内容,得出该课件的创意流程。以现代通信技术发展趋势的PPT创意与实现等内容为例,运用三维效果、自定义动画、结构图插入、设置放映方式和旁白录音等PPT设计要素,实现了递进式展示、动画讲解、对比重现、组合说明等创意效果。用简练、生动、新颖的方式展示繁琐、枯燥、复杂的授课内容,调动感官接受知识的兴奋点,以期达到良好的教学效果。     

Development and demonstration of a higher temperature PEM fuel cell stack

Research and development was conducted on a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack to demonstrate the capabilities of Ionomem Corporation's composite membrane to operate at 120 °C and ambient pressure for on-site electrical power generation with useful waste heat. The membrane was a composite of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Nafion^®, and phosphotungstic acid. Studies were first performed on the membrane, cathode catalyst layer, and gas diffusion layer to improve performance in 25 cm², subscale cells. This technology was then scaled-up to a commercial 300 cm² size and evaluated in multi-cell stacks. The resulting stack obtained a performance near that of the subscale cells, 0.60 V at 400 mA cm⁻² at near 120 °C and ambient pressure with hydrogen and air reactants containing water at 35% relative humidity. The water used for cooling the stack resulted in available waste heat at 116 °C. The performance of the stack was verified. This was the first successful test of a higher-temperature, PEM, fuel-cell stack that did not use phosphoric acid electrolyte.     

基于频域核系数的动态模拟电路故障诊断

因模拟电路中可及测试节点数量的限制,基于系统辨识的思想提出了一种新的故障诊断方法,频域核系数被用来进行模拟电路参数故障诊断.根据电路传递函数和元件的容差预先计算出全部频域核系数的正常范围,然后利用电路的输入输出信息提取故障电路的频域核系数,依据超出正常范围频域核系数的故障特征可确定电路故障范围或故障元件.通过仿真实例验证了该方法的有效性.     

A simple screen to detect hybrids between native and introduced Phragmites australis in the United States and Canada

In much of the United States and Canada, the common reed consists of both a native subspecies Phragmites australis americanus, and a highly invasive introduced subspecies P. australis australis. DNA testing is generally used to distinguish them definitively and is necessary to detect hybridization. We report a group of single nucleotide polymorphisms and indels in the nuclear NRT2 gene of Phragmites that differentiate North American native and European-introduced populations. All native samples tested were identical in NRT2 sequence over 1564 bases except for two positions. There were nine positions, consisting of seven base substitutions and two indels, at which all introduced samples were fixed for a different allele than the native samples. For the two indels, samples collected from northern Europe were also fixed for the same allele as the introduced samples collected across North America. One of the indels was easily detected by a PCR-RFLP assay and provides a rapid and inexpensive way to screen for hybrids between native and European-introduced populations of Phragmites and thus can facilitate more widespread surveillance for hybrids between native and introduced populations in North America.     

基于随机摄动粒子滤波器的故障预报算法

针对粒子滤波算法在故障预报中的大计算量和粒子退化问题,提出一种基于随机摄动粒子滤波器的故障预报算法.当粒子退化严重时,对粒子用随机摄动方式进行再采样,一方面可改进样本的多样性,缓解粒子退化;另一方面可缩短再采样时间,减少计算量,从而提高粒子滤波算法的跟踪能力.仿真结果表明该算法可行,能及时准确地对系统故障进行预报.