高精度薄壁钢套类零件制造工艺

薄壁钢套类零件是机械制造中常碰到的一类难加工零件,由于其不同的功能用途和典型结构特点,其制造有一定难度,在实际生产过程中,经常出现加工制造后的零件尺寸精度、形状精度、形位精度达不到使用及设计要求。本文较系统地阐述了薄壁钢套类零件的典型制造工艺方法以及在制造过程中的变形分析和应对措施。     

Effect of Temperature and Strain Rate on the Hot Deformation Behaviour of Ferritic Stainless Steel

Metals and Materials International - The flow behaviour and microstructure characteristics of a ferritic stainless steel were investigated using plain strain compression test on a Gleeble 3500...     

Densification mechanism during reactive hot pressing of B4C-ZrO2 mixtures

The densification behaviors of pure B₄C and B₄C-ZrO₂ mixtures were compared during hot pressing. The results showed that in-situ formed ZrB₂ effectively enhanced the densification process of B₄C-ZrO₂ mixtures, more significantly during the intermediate stage. Within the relative density ranging from 0.75 to 0.90, the B₄C-15?wt%ZrO₂ mixture (B15Z) achieved the maximum densification rate as twice much as that of pure B₄C. The stress exponent n>3 indicated plastic deformation was the dominant densification mechanism of B15Z. The viscosities of plastic flow were evaluated using Murray-Rodger-William equation and the viscosity of B15Z was only a quarter of that in pure B₄C. The sintering activation energy was calculated to be 305.9?kJ/mol for pure B₄C and 197?kJ/mol for B15Z, respectively. It was proposed that the lower viscosity of plastic flow and activation energy accelerated the sliding and propagating motions of plastic flow, by which underlain the enhanced densification behaviors of B₄C-ZrO₂ mixtures.     

基于一步法的轿车门内板可制造性分析

一步法有限元模拟可在产品设计模型的基础上进行成形性分析和缺陷预测,本文描述了一步法的关键技术,并给出了它在轿车后门内板可制造性分析中的应用.     

烟气循环烧结热风罩内气流数值模拟及优化

烟气循环技术是基于部分热废气被再次引入烧结过程的原理而开发的一种新型烧结模式,对提高烧结余热利用率、降低污染物排放和烧结能耗具有显著效果。但循环烟气在烟气罩内流动状态、烟气罩漏风状况等对烟气循环的效果及稳定性至关重要。为此,对某钢厂循环烟气罩内烟气流动状态及漏风状况进行模拟,结果表明:现有烟气罩人孔打开时虽然在一定程度上削弱了烟气进入形成漩涡的强度,但并未改善烟气旋转流动,导致料面上烟气流速不均;通过优化烟气罩内导流板结构和数量,削弱了烟气罩内烟气旋转流动,明显改善了循环烟气的流动,使烟气分布更均匀;同时烟气罩漏风状况大大改善,优化后使A侧漏风口由漏风1.2 m3?s?1变为吸风2.4 m3?s?1,有利于烧结生产的顺行。      

热镀锌TRIP钢还原铁/基板界面表征

 预氧化还原工艺是改善热镀锌先进高强钢(AHSS)可镀性的有效手段之一。当它用于生产热镀锌先进高强钢时,有时也会出现镀层附着性不良的问题。为了明确还原铁/基板界面对热镀锌高强钢镀层附着性的影响,以预氧化还原工艺生产的、镀层附着性不同的热镀锌TRIP钢为研究对象,采用GDOES、SEM、FIB、TEM等手段研究了还原铁/基板界面位置的微观特征。结果表明,镀层附着性不良表现为150~300 nm厚的还原铁层与镀层一起从基板表面脱落,失效发生在还原铁/基板界面,而非镀层/还原铁界面,与常见的镀层/基板界面Fe₂Al₅抑制层缺失引起的镀层附着性不良明显不同。镀层附着性不同的试样在还原铁/基板界面位置均存在硅、锰元素富集,但硅、锰富集程度有差异,镀层附着性不良试样的界面硅、锰富集更高。还原铁/基板界面氧化物形态显著影响了还原铁/基板界面的结合力,当还原铁与基板之间形成连续的氧化膜时,界面结合力较差,易发生界面分离;当还原铁/基板界面形成细小的、不连续的氧化物颗粒时,界面结合力较好。在对热镀锌先进高强钢实施预氧化还原工艺时,为了获得良好的还原铁/基板界面结合力,可以通过提高退火气氛露点促进合金元素内氧化,从而减少和细化还原铁/基板界面氧化物的数量和尺寸,避免形成连续的界面氧化膜。     

Influence of isothermal aging onσprecipitation in super duplex stainless steel

The time-temperature-transformation (TTT) curve of the 00Cr25Ni7Mo4N duplex stainless steel was obtained with a Formastot-digital thermal dilatometer,and the influence of isothermal aging on σ precipitation was studied by metallographic observation,X-ray diffraction (XRD),and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The results show that the decomposition of ferrite phase is accompanied by the formation of σ phase at 750-1000℃,especially in the range of 800-900℃.The longer the aging time,the higher the amount of σ precipitation.The area fraction of various phases remains at a certain value upon the completion of ferrite deformation.The temperature of 850℃ is the most sensitive transaction temperature,the incubation time for the formation of o precipitation is less than 1 min,and aging for 20 min leads to the complete transformation of ferrite.The o phase is formed preferentially at the α/α/γ junction,and then grows along the α/α boundary in the matrix.     

竖炉生产直接还原铁过程的数值模拟

采用基于气相和固相的质量和能量的竖炉一球团（块矿）法直接还原炼铁的一维数学模型．含铁原料的还原采用三界面未反应核模型,并考虑了热量损失,得到了各物质的组成和温度在炉内的分布．以Gilmore厂Midrex作为对象进行模拟,模型结果与生产数据相符,验证了模型的准确性．模拟结果表明：Midrex竖炉的绝大部分区域内气利和固相的温度基本保持在还原煤气的入口温度．对高度为9．75m的Midrex竖炉,炉内绝大部分为浮氏体的还原,含铁原料运行约0．5m即可完全变成磁铁矿,运行约2m即可完全变成浮氏体．在竖炉7．0～9．75m深度范围内,随着还原气的上行,H2的体积分数迅速减少,而CO的体积分数变化不大．在竖炉2．0—7．0m深度范围内,H2和CO的体积分数缓慢降低,在竖炉0～2．0m深度范围内,H2和CO的体积分数显著降低．     

抱罐车优化创新设计与应用

针对抱罐车在制造、使用过程中易出现的各种问题,提出相对应的优化设计方法,并予以应用。证明经过创新优化设计后的抱罐车相应性能有了显著提高,指出模块化、智能化、节能、环保、远程监控等将是抱罐车的发展趋势。     

一种基于双线性链表结构编码的遗传算法

针对基于以往经典编码方式的遗传算法解决并行机大批量成组调度问题时的弊端,提出了一种基于双线性链表结构编码的遗传算法（DLGA）,并设计了相应的遗传算子。应用于某轮胎厂的硫化工序调度问题,进行了仿真分析。