循环冻融对蛋清蛋白性质的影响

目的：研究循环冻融对蛋清蛋白加工特性与结构的影响。方法：对蛋清循环冻融0～5?次,分析其冻融后的功能性、理化特性、流变特点和二级结构的变化。结果：适当的循环冻融能够提高蛋清的凝胶及泡沫性质。循环冻融使蛋清蛋白疏水基团暴露,蛋白质结构伸展,形成分子间聚集体。动态流变结果表明循环冻融增加了蛋清的弹性模量与黏性模量。冻融过程中,蛋清蛋白的α-螺旋和β-转角含量减少,β-折叠和无规则卷曲含量增加,空间无序性更强。循环冻融能够改变蛋清蛋白的结构与性质,可应用于蛋清加工过程。     

山楂黄酮对BRL-3A肝细胞DNA损伤的修复作用及其机制

目的:探讨山楂黄酮对BRL-3A肝细胞DNA损伤的影响及其机制。方法:MTT法检测不同浓度的山楂黄酮对乙醇损伤肝细胞的影响;单细胞凝胶电泳分析细胞DNA的损伤程度并计算Olive尾距;试剂盒检测细胞内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)等生理生化指标;实时定量PCR检测基因SOD的表达变化。结果:0.2,0.4和0.8 mg/mL的山楂黄酮能够显著修复乙醇诱导BRL-3A肝细胞的DNA损伤,这种修复作用与细胞抗氧化指标SOD、MDA和GSH-Px的改善密切相关。结论:山楂黄酮能够通过抗氧化修复肝细胞的DNA损伤,山楂黄酮具备潜在的肝损伤治疗价值。     

电器封装用高效导热/阻燃环氧复合材料的制备

目的为了提高电器封装材料的安全性,制备出一种具有高效导热/阻燃的环氧复合材料。方法通过原位聚合法,采用三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂预聚体(MF)修饰石墨烯(G)/磷烯(BP)合成纳米填料,辅以环氧树脂(E51)制备高导热/阻燃的环氧复合材料。通过TGA、热线法和锥形量热法分别测试复合材料的热稳定性、导热性和阻燃性。结果研究结果表明,当MF@BP/G的质量分数为3%时,环氧复合材料的残碳量高达22.19%,相较于纯的环氧复合材料提升了76.77%;导热系数提升至0.257 W/(m∙K),提升率为27.86%;峰值热释放率、总的热释放量、峰值烟雾释放率和总的烟雾释放量分别下降了43.76%,27.72%,46.81%和28.83%。结论以MF@BP/G为功能填料,可以有效提高环氧复合材料的导热性和阻燃性,有利于提升环氧复合材料的使用安全性。     

棉/藕丝混纺纱的开发

介绍了棉/藕丝混纺纱的开发研制过程、主要工艺及产品性能特点.该产品采用藕丝纤维与棉混纺,纤维的特性得到优化、互补,形成独特的产品风格.开发过程中利用已有设备,重点解决了藕丝纤维粗、刚性大、可纺性差等技术难题.制定出的合理工艺参数保证了正确的混纺比例和成纱质量.     

Detection of Glucose Based on Noble Metal Nanozymes: Mechanism,Activity Regulation,and Enantioselective Recognition

Glucose monitoring is essential to evaluate the degree of glucose metabolism disorders. The enzymatic determination has been the most widely used method in glucose detection because of its high efficiency, accuracy, and sensitivity. Noble metal nanomaterials (NMs, i.e., Au, Ag, Pt, and Pd), inheriting their excellent electronic, optical, and enzyme-like properties, are classified as noble metal nanozymes (NMNZs). As the NMNZs are often involved in two series of reactions, the oxidation of glucose and the chromogenic reaction of peroxide, here the chemical mechanism by employing NMNZs with glucose oxidase (GOx) and peroxidase (POD) mimicking activities is briefly summarized first. Subsequently, the regulation strategies of the GOx-like, POD-like and tandem enzyme-like activities of NMNZs are presented in detail, including the materials, size, morphology, composition, and the reaction condition of the representative NMs. In addition, in order to further mimic the enantioselectivity of enzyme, the design of NMNZs with enantioselective recognition of d -glucose and l -glucose by using different chiral compounds (DNA, amino acids, and cyclodextrins) and molecular imprinting is further described in this review. Finally, the feasible solutions to the existing challenges and a vision for future development possibilities are discussed.