碳材料复合橡胶研究进展

综述了各种碳材料复合橡胶的发展及研究进程,主要介绍了石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、碳纳米管等碳系材料结构、功能化方式及橡胶复合材料加工方法,得出各种碳材料不仅能较大改善橡胶的各种基础性能,而且赋予了橡胶很多新的功能,比如热量传导、电荷传输,因而能够提高橡胶产品性价比和档次。     

无溶剂型室温固化双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备及应用

以蓖麻油、3,3’-二氯-4,4’-二氨基-二苯基甲烷(MOCA)、填料等为甲组分,蓖麻油、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)合成乙组分,制备了无溶剂型室温固化双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂。考察了甲组分中MOCA含量对胶粘剂固化时间的影响,以及该胶粘剂的甲乙组分质量比、填料品种、硅烷偶联剂及浸水处理对铝合金和硫化天然橡胶胶接性能的影响,并进行热失重分析。结果表明,当MOCA质量分数为甲组分的3%、m甲/m乙为10∶3、填料为400目CaCO3时,铝合金和硫化天然橡胶表面用0.5%的KH-550乙醇溶液处理后,胶接性能和耐水性较好,胶膜的初始热分解温度大于200℃,可以满足高速列车车厢的橡胶地板与铝合金底板的粘结。     

Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Intumescent Flame Retardant (IFR) and Its Application in Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer (EPDM)

The PDP, a novel intumescent flame retardant (IFR) with high charred residue of 40.8% in N2 at 700°C by TGA was synthesized successfully for preparing halogen-free flame-retardant EPDM composites. The UL-94 V-0 rating was achieved for EPDM composites with 20 phrs carbon black at the same time by using only 60 phrs PDP. In situ FTIR spectroscopy reveals that P–N rich charred residues are formed through the interaction between hydrogen atom in weak base of P–NH–C and phosphate. SEM characterizes the formation of intumescent chars during burning. The mechanical properties of composites are also discussed.     

丁腈橡胶/聚氯乙烯合金的研究进展及应用

阐述了NBR/PVC合金的研究现状,列举了其在密封条、胶管、电线电缆以及海绵泡沫等领域的应用情况,提出了我国在NBR/PVC合金研究领域的问题和建议。     

玻纤增强PVC材料的力学性能及耐热性能

考察了玻璃纤维(简称玻纤)长度、用量和偶联剂表面处理对PVC/玻纤复合材料力学性能和耐热性能的影响。结果表明:与长度3 mm的玻纤相比,长度50 mm的玻纤对PVC材料具有更好的改性效果,用量以15~20份为宜;硅烷偶联剂能显著提升玻纤与PVC基体的界面结合力,从而提高了复合材料的综合性能。     

N,N-二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸碲的合成、表征与应用

一步法合成了用于饱和橡胶硫化的超速硫化促进剂——N,N-二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸碲(TDEC)配合物,应用红外、核磁、元素分析对合成产物的组成与结构进行了表征。将TDEC加入三元乙丙(EPDM)混炼胶中,分别对混炼胶的硫化和硫化后样品的力学性能进行测试,结果表明,添加TDEC显著缩短了正硫化时间tc90,同时还提高了硫化胶的力学性能。     

三元乙丙橡胶/丁腈橡胶并用胶增容剂丙烯腈接枝三元乙丙橡胶共聚物的研制

采用溶液聚合法制备三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)/丁腈橡胶(NBR)并用胶增容剂丙烯腈(AN)接枝EPDM(PANg-EPDM)共聚物,研究AN/EPDM用量比、引发剂BPO用量、溶剂种类、反应温度和反应时间对接枝率的影响。结果表明,在AN/EPDM用量比为5/6、引发剂BPO质量分数为0.005、溶剂为正庚烷、反应温度为70℃、反应时间为2.5 h的最佳溶液聚合反应条件下,PAN-g-EPDM共聚物的接枝率为26%,该接枝率的PAN-g-EPDM共聚物对EPDM/NBR并用胶增容性较好。     

Flame retardant,mechanical, and hot air aging properties of ethylene-propylene-diene monomer/ammonium polyphosphate/nano-silic composite rubber

In this work, effect of the ratio of nonhalogenated flame retardants (ammonium polyphosphate [APP] and nano-silica [nano-SiO₂]) on the mechanical, thermal, and flame retardant properties of ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) composite rubber were investigated. Vulcanization characteristics, high temperature compression permanent deformation, thermal oxygen aging, dynamic thermodynamic analysis, thermal stability, cone calorimetry, limiting oxygen index (LOI), horizontal vertical combustion (UL-94), and scanning electron microscopy were carried out. The experimental results showed that the mechanical properties of the composite rubber decreased with the addition of APP. However, the addition of nano-SiO₂ was found to significantly improve the mechanical properties of the composite rubber when it was incorporated. In terms of flame retardant properties of EPDM composite rubber, the combination of APP and nano-SiO₂ has a synergistic flame retardant effect in comparison to the use of single APP flame retardant. The heat release rate of EPDM composite rubber decreased by 34%, the total heat release decreased by 19%, the LOI increased by 76%, and the flame retardant grade of EPDM composite rubber reached V-0. The EPDM composite rubber fabricated in the present study showed excellent fire resistance and desirable mechanical properties, which are of practical significance for further expanding the application ranges of EPDM rubbers.     

高强度低膨胀率无卤阻燃三元乙丙橡胶胶料的制备

采用新型无卤氮磷系阻燃剂SFR和无机金属阻燃剂氢氧化铝[Al（OH）3]并用制备无卤阻燃三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）胶料,研究阻燃体系对EPDM胶料性能的影响。结果表明：当53. 3份阻燃剂SFR与40份Al（OH）3并用,EPDM硫化胶的拉伸强度和撕裂强度较高、耐过热水性能优异、体积变化率小、阻燃达到V0级,可很好地解决目前使用普通无卤氮磷系阻燃剂的EPDM胶料的强度低、耐过热水性能差和膨胀率大的问题。