16升气升式环流反应器优化设计的CFD仿真研究

以16L内循环气升式环流反应器为对象,使用Fluent6.3软件对采用不同导流筒直径值的反应器中气液两相流动的过程进行计算流体力学仿真,研究导流筒直径变化对气升式环流反应器中气含率和循环液速的影响。结果表明,气体由反应器底部入口进入反应器后,气液混合物沿导流筒内部上升至反应器顶部,随后沿导流筒外部下降,形成反应器中的循环。增大导流筒直径在一定范围内能够提高反应器中的气含率,但同时也会造成循环液速的下降,并且给出了所涉对象中导流筒直径的最优取值区间。     

Partner selection in a virtual enterprise under uncertain information about candidates

Partner selection is a major issue in the formation of a virtual enterprise. In practice, in the partner selection process, the information about the candidates and their performances are incomplete and uncertain. Vague sets theory is one of the methods used to deal with uncertain information. In this paper, a new method based on vague sets is proposed to deal with the partner selection problem in the formation of a virtual enterprise while the factors of satisfaction degree, due date, cost and the precedence of tasks are taken into account. On the basis of the agreement index of satisfaction degree, the formulated partner selection problems are interpreted so as to maximize the minimum agreement index. To solve the problem, an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed. Finally, the simulation of a numerical example demonstrates that the method is effective.     

Social networks and genetic algorithms to choose committees with independent members

Choosing committees with independent members in social networks can be regarded as a group selection problem where independence, as the main selection criterion, can be measured by the social distance between group members. Although there are many solutions for the group selection problem in social networks, such as target set selection or community detection, none of them have proposed an approach to select committee members based on independence as group performance measure. In this work, we propose a novel approach for independent node group selection in social networks. This approach defines an independence group function and a genetic algorithm in order to optimize it. We present a case study where we build a real social network with on-line available data extracted from a Research and Development (R&D) public agency, and then we compare selected groups with existing committees of the same agency. Results show that the proposed approach can generate committees that improve group independence compared with existing committees.     

A weight-based item recommendation approach for electronic commerce systems

The recommendation system is a useful tool that can be employed to identify potential relationships between items and users in electronic commerce systems. Consequently, it can remarkably improve the efficiency of a business. The topic of how to enhance the accuracy of a recommendation has attracted much attention by researchers over the past decade. As such, many methods to accomplish this task have been introduced. However, more complex calculations are normally necessary to achieve a higher accuracy, which is not suitable for a real-time system. Hence, in this paper, we propose a weight-based item recommendation approach to provide a balanced formula between the recommended accuracy and the computational complexity. The proposed methods employ a newly defined distance to describe the relationship between the users and the items, after which the recommendations and predictive algorithms are developed. A data analysis based on the MovieLens datasets indicates that the methods applied can obtain suitable prediction accuracy and maintain a relatively low computational complexity.     

基于概念格的数据挖掘方法在库存管理中的应用*

库存管理是物流系统优化的一个重要内容,利用概念格的数据挖掘方法来实现多目标优化过程中,给出了库存模型向概念格模型转换的方法,提出了一种具体的概念格的渐进式构造算法;对于概念格的数据挖掘方法,具体定义了概念格中的关联规则,并提取了库存模型中的隐藏知识,进而为实现库存模型的多目标优化提供了决策支持。     

350MW超临界锅炉螺旋水冷壁壁温特性研究

针对林州热电厂350MW超临界锅炉水冷壁温度特性,采用有限容积法对矩形鳍片膜式水冷壁进行温度场分布的数值计算,分析了炉膛下部螺旋管圈的温度分布特性.计算研究表明:螺旋管圈水冷壁温度随着炉膛高度的升高而增大,最高温度出现在水冷壁向火侧或者鳍端,最高温度小于440℃,低于金属许用温度;随着锅炉负荷的升高,管壁最高温度及周向最大温差显著增大.在炉膛宽度上,各管间温度差、焓值差及亚临界压力下的干度差均很小,但其值随着热负荷的增大而增大,表明螺旋管圈水冷壁可有效消除热偏差.     

涡流技术用于钢管涂层测厚的可行性研究

针对目前钢管的激光涂层测厚系统不易保证定位精度,装置调节耗时及检测效率较低等缺点,提出了利用涡流检测技术检测钢管涂层厚度的策略和方法,为不锈钢曲面结构的涂层厚度测量提供了一种有效的检测手段.通过数值仿真研究了涡流检测技术用于涂层厚度测量的可行性,提出了基于数据库的探头提离定量方法.设计了一种大量程涡流探头,解决了涡流测厚探头在检测较厚涂层时量程过小和检测精度不足的问题,管材曲率和厚度对探头信号的影响问题以及涡流信号的非线性问题.仿真结果表明:使用涡流检测方法检测钢管内壁10mm厚度的涂层,其测量精度可达到0.01mm,能满足工程实际需要.     

Pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis of lignite and plastic

The study firstly discusses the pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and then investigates the pyrolysis of lignite and co-pyrolysis with plastic (polyethylene or polypropylene) in tube furnace. Meanwhile, the research focuses on the co-pyrolysis products under different mixing ratios as well as pyrolysis products at different testing temperatures and heating rates. The results show that higher final testing temperature and lower heating rate contribute to bond fission in lignite pyrolysis, resulting in less char product. In co-pyrolysis, lignite acts as hydrogen donor, and the yields of char and water rise with increasing amount of plastic in the mixture, while the yields of gas and tar decrease; and a little admixture of plastic will promote the production of gas and tar. Kinetic studies indicate that in temperature range of 530–600 °C, activation energies of lignite are higher than those of lignite/plastic blends, and as plastic mass ratio increases from 0% to 10%, samples need less energy to be decomposed during co-pyrolysis.     

Nonlinear controller design of thyristor controlled series compensation for damping inter-area power oscillation

A design method of nonlinear controllers of thyristor controlled series compensation (TCSC) for damping inter-area power oscillation based on direct feedback linearization (DFL) is presented in this paper. To damp inter-area power oscillation of power systems, the power modulation action of the TCSC is illustrated firstly. Then the nonlinear model of a two-area power system with the TCSC control is constructed, and is linearized by the DFL. Finally, the design of the nonlinear optimal controller of the TCSC has been completed using the criterion of integration for time and absolute error (ITAE). The digital simulation results using NETOMAC program and detail models show that the presented controller of the TCSC can efficiently improve inter-area power oscillation damping of power systems.