Thermoluminescence of M2B5O9X:Eu2+ and its kinetic analysis

Europium doped alkaline earth haloborate compounds have been synthesized, their glow curves and thermoluminescence spectra measured. Based on the first-order and non-first-order kinetic process equations, a step-fitting simulation program was developed and the kinetic parameters trap depth E, kinetic order b, and frequency factor s calculated for the measured glow curves.     

蒸汽爆破预处理对山楂果渣组分及其酶解效果的影响

本文选取压力2.0、2.4 MPa,保压时间30 s,1、2、4 min,对山楂果渣进行蒸汽爆破预处理,探究不同蒸汽爆破预处理条件对山楂果渣组分、酶解效果及微观结构的影响。结果表明:蒸汽爆破预处理使山楂果渣的可溶性糖含量增加,纤维素含量减少;同时随着预处理条件强度的增加总黄酮提取量也呈增加趋势,在预处理条件为2.4 MPa、4 min时,总黄酮提取量达到最大为26.5 mg/g,是原物料的1.5倍;根据酶解糖化实验得出在蒸汽爆破预处理条件2.4 MPa、2 min,纤维素酶量为200 U/g时,山楂果渣酶解效果最好,酶解糖化率为42.0%,较原物料提高了0.392倍;通过电镜和X射线衍射仪扫描,发现蒸汽爆破预处理使山楂果渣微观结构变得松散,比表面积增大,纤维素结晶度降低。因此,蒸汽爆破是一种很有效的山楂果渣预处理方法,这为其开发利用提供了有效途径。     

Diamond retention in sintered cobalt bonds for stone cutting and drilling

Thin (<1 μm) coatings on diamond do not influence segment density, closed porosity or bulk transverse rupture strength. None of these measures show strong correlation to diamond saw performance. Diamond coatings influence the yield strength of the bond in shear, at the diamond-bond–matrix interface, and more effectively utilize the compressive stress developed in bond fabrication to produce good retention. The improvement in retention, as observed by differential hardness, in 100% cobalt bonds, is Cr-coated>Ti-coated>uncoated. Since retention is only one attribute of a bond, the benefit of a coated crystal in tool performance is system- and condition-specific.Improvement in saw performance will come with reduction in blade angular friction derived from higher and more stable cutting point protrusion. To achieve higher protrusion will require higher retention from nominal or higher bond compressive stress combined with higher diamond–matrix friction. Diamond coatings provide higher friction.Observing improvement in blade performance with a coated crystal requires that the condition/application be performance-limited by retention, not, for example, by acoustic impedance, blade stiffness or crystal crushing.     

Preparation of nano-Ag-Bi2WO6–TiO2/starch bionanocomposite membranes and mechanism of enhancing visible light degradation of ethylene

Ag–Bi₂WO₆–TiO₂ (ABT) ternary composite photocatalyst was prepared using solvothermal and surface deposition method. Then, the nano photocatalyst was doped into the starch film liquid through internal loading method, and finally, ABT/starch composite film was constructed using tape casting method for visible light catalytic degradation of ethylene. Characterize and analyze the structure and physical properties of nano ABT/starch composite membranes prepared with different ABT loading amounts, and optimize the reaction conditions (ABT addition amount, light intensity, initial concentration of ethylene) on the visible light catalytic degradation performance for ethylene of the composite membrane. The results show that the nano ABT particles and starch molecules have good biocompatibility, and they can be well fused to form a film, without changing the crystal structure of ABT and generating other chemical bond. The results of photocatalytic degradation of ethylene showed that when the loading amount of ABT was 5 wt%, the light intensity was 60.5 mw/cm², and the initial concentration of ethylene was 0.15 mg/L, the ABT/starch film had the best ethylene degradation performance, with a K′ value of 5.6111 × 10⁻⁴ min⁻¹, which is 17.9 times that of the blank starch film. Under the optimal preparation conditions, the thickness, tensile strength, elongation at break of the starch composite film is 168.33 μm, 5.01 Mpa, 32.4%, respectively, and the maximum thermal decomposition temperature is 320.5 °C, which meets the requirements for food packaging materials. After 4 cycles, the catalytic degradation of ethylene by starch composite membrane only decreased by 13.98%, indicating good reusability.