界面性能对晶须增强树脂基复合材料力学行为的影响

用碳化硅晶须、光敏树脂合成了光固化用树脂基复合材料,并对材料进行了拉伸测试,测试结果表明复合材料的实测拉伸强度与理论值相差较大;在实验的基础上进一步建立了复合材料的界面相模型,采用有限元方法分析了界面性能对晶须增强树脂基复合材料力学行为的影响.结果表明:界面性能对晶须承受轴向应力的影响远大于对树脂基体的影响,晶须界面剪切应力与界面结合强度成正比,晶须端面应力集中系数随界面结合性能的增强而递增.     

Preparation of Ni60-Cr3C2 coating by plasma spraying, plasma re-melting and plasma spray welding on W6Mo5Cr4V2

In order to prepare heat-resistant inner layer of hot-forging die,plasma spraying,plasma re-melting and plasma spray welding were adopted.Cr₃C₂ coatings of Ni-Based were prepared respectively with 10%,20% and 30% Cr₃C₂ powder and W6Mo5Cr4V2 substrate.The coating microstructure analysis,the micro-hardness test,and the measurement of thermal parameters of coating were conducted.The experimental results show that the coating has the better thermo-physical property by using plasma spray welding method with the powder ratio of 90% Ni60 and 10% Cr₃C₂,and by this way the micro-hardness of coating can achieve 1100 HV.     

Application of topology optimization to design an electric bicycle main frame

Electric bicycle main frame is the most principal structure, connecting and supporting other various components, while bearing a variety of forces and moments. In this paper the topology optimization technology is applied to generate robust electric bicycle main frame by optimizing the material distribution subject to the constraints and dynamic loads. Geometric, mechanical and finite element models, as well as a flexible coupling dynamic model are constructed. Validity and accuracy of these models are investigated through real-life testing. By applying typical road excitation, dynamic loads of all key points are extracted. A set of forces data is extracted every 0.5?s during the whole simulation, including peak values of these forces. In order to obtain appropriate topology optimization results, the values of two crucial parameters, volume fraction and minimum member size, are discussed respectively. Then the topology optimization of multi-load case is implemented with the objective of minimizing the set of weighted compliances resulting from individual load cases. Results illustrate that element density distribution of the model is optimized with manufacturing constraints of minimum member size control and extrusion constraint. Consequently, the better frame form design of the electric bicycle is obtained. Modal analysis for the original and refined models is performed respectively to evaluate the structure stiffness. The results indicate that this optimization program is effective enough to develop a new electric bicycle frame as a reference for manufacturers.     

基于激光谐波调制的深孔内壁三维面型分析系统

为了快速精确地获取深孔结构内壁三维面型,从而分析深孔加工质量,提出了一种基于激光谐波调制的线型扫描系统,设计了可深入深孔结构的反射式光学系统。研究了通过时间窗滤波的谐波匹配点云优化算法,该算法利用谐波调制相位范围对近轴线扫描区域进行阈值分离,从而完成点云数据的滤波。实验针对三种不同类型的深孔进行了测试,并采用Handyscan三维成像仪进行了点云数据对比。文中对5 cm×5 cm的内壁区域进行了量化分析, 对比了优化前后的三维点云图像。优化前的点云中明显包含很多杂散点,综合平均偏差为0.53 mm,而采用优化后,噪声被有效抑制,综合平均偏差降为0.12 mm。在x轴方向上,系统位置偏差均值为0.240 mm,在y轴方向上,系统位置偏差均值为0.228 mm。由于优化后降低了需要计算的点云总量,故其收敛速度也有一定的改善,在3000点以上趋于稳定,约为优化前用时的65.8%。可见该系统适用于深孔内壁三维面型检测,为深孔测试与数据降噪提供了新的思路。     

船舶操纵线性水动力导数计算方法研究

以粘性流场中船舶操纵水动力预报为研究背景,通过对商用计算流体力学软件FLUENT的二次开发,采用其动网格技术以及后处理系统,对大型船舶的线性水动力导数进行了数值计算.考虑变舵角、斜航、纯横荡、纯首摇运动状态,得出随船坐标系下作用于操纵运动船体的水动力及力矩,并对之采用最小二乘法进行曲线拟合得到船舶操纵运动的线性水动力导数,数值计算结果与理论估算值吻合.稳定的计算结果表明该方法可用于复杂船舶运动的水动力导数计算.     

Optimization approach hydroforming car beam billets based grey system theory

Perfect combination of structural size parameters of the hydroforming billets is essential to obtain even wall-thicknesses of the car-beam.Finite element(FE)analysis on hydroforming car-beam was carried out,and the results were optimized according to multiple quality objectives by the grey system theory.With bending angle,bending radius and hight-difference along the axis direction as variables,orthogonal FE analyses were conducted and the minimum and maximum wall-thicknesses of the billets with different sizes were obtained.Taking the minimum and maximum wall-thicknesses as two references,the correlation coefficient between the data for reference and those for comparison by the grey system theory reduced multi-objectives to a single quality objective,and the average correlation level of every billet facilitated the optimization of size parameters for hydroforming car beam.The trial production showed that the optimization approach satisfied the need of hydroforming car beams.     

Relationship between the corrosion and Cr-Ni content of stainless steel in borax bath

The corrosion of stainless steel was experimentally investigated and analyzed to improve the service-life of the crucible and fixture clamps. Through the experiment, stainless steel was found to satisfy the crucible and fixture clamps materials. As the chromium element mass percentage of the stainless steel increased, the corrosion decreased rapidly at first and then slowly increased. With the corrosion time prolonging, the corrosion growth rate is generally a downward trend. With Chromium 20%, the corrosive were the least. With Nickel element mass percentage increased, the corrosion increased rapidly at first and then decreased rapidly, flatten at the last. It was special that the corrosion had little relationship with the Chromium and Nickel mass percentage when the Nickel percentage is more than 35%. The most remarkable corrosion is corresponding with the Nickel element 12%, the least corrosion with Nickel element 80%. So Nickel element 35% is the most optional.     

超声振动磨削陶瓷材料高效去除机理研究

基于压痕断裂力学,在工件横向施振超声振动平面磨削单颗磨粒受力分析基础上,建立了材料去除率综合数学模型;并就超声振动和普通磨削进行了对比试验研究。研究结果表明超声振动磨削陶瓷材料去除率与被加工材料的种类、磨削深度、砂轮磨粒粒度、超声振动的振幅以及磨削条件有着密切关系。同样磨削条件下,超声振动磨削陶瓷材料去除率是普通磨削的1.7~3.2倍,与理论模型相符合。试验结果表明超声振动磨削可以获得良好的加工表面,工件横向施振超声振动磨削是一种精密、高效加工新工艺。     

The effects of urea concentration on microstructures of ZnCo2O4 and its supercapacitor performance

The effects of urea concentration on microstructures of ZnCo₂O₄ during hydrothermal process and their supercapacitors performance were investigated. The sphere ZnCo₂O₄ oxide with nanostructure arrays was formed after hydrothermal process containing low urea concentration. The slim and curved ZnCo₂O₄ nanowires were formed on Ni foam due to medium urea concentration, while sharp and separated ZnCo₂O₄ nanostructure arrays were formed on Ni foam due to high urea concentration. The sharp and separated ZnCo₂O₄ nanostructure arrays on Ni foam showed the best electrochemical performance. ZnCo₂O₄ nanostructure arrays obtained were composed of interconnected ZnCo₂O₄ nanoparticles. The gaps between ZnCo₂O₄ nanoparticles promoted penetration of the electrolyte, which induced the high supercapacitive performance. The sharp and separated ZnCo₂O₄ nanostructure arrays on Ni foam had the lowest charge transfer resistance, which improved supercapacitive performance. In addition, the strong and separated ZnCo₂O₄ nanowires improved significantly cycle life during the charge-discharge process due to good strain accommodation of the unique structure.     

Rapid and low cost replication of complex microfluidic structures with PDMS double casting technology

In this paper, a new method for fast and precise replication of high-aspect-ratio microfluidic structures is reported. First, SU-8 microfluidic structures on the master mold were replicated into Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which served as an intermediate, negative mold, by a conventional soft lithography process. The PDMS negative mold was then treated by wetting its surface with a diluted aqueous solution of a hydrophilic polymer, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and rinsed with deionized water. Last, the negative mold was used in yet another PDMS molding process to produce a PDMS replica of the microfluidic structures (the hydrofocusing unit for a micro-cytometer) with the same structures as the master mold. Experimental results showed that microstructures with high-aspect-ratio could be consistently replicated with high fidelity. This technique can not only greatly simplify the design and fabrication of master molds, but also protect the expensive and fragile original master mold. The process does not require sophisticated equipment and is well suited for the replication of precision master structures in bulk quantities at low cost.