一种图像放大的偏微分方程综合模型

针对传统图像放大处理过程中基于线性插值方法通常导致边缘模糊问题,分析了各向同性扩散模型和各向异性扩散模型在图像处理中的优缺点,提出了一种线性扩散和P-M方程自适应结合的图像放大综合模型。该模型对图像非平滑区域采用各向异性扩散模型处理,而平滑区域则采用各向同性扩散模型处理。实验结果表明,该综合模型在保持图像边缘锐度的同时提高了图像的清晰度,能够有效提高放大图像的主观视觉质量和客观SNR及PSNR。     

Treatment of textile dye effluent using a self-made positively charged nanofiltration membrane

A self-made positively charged nanofi ltration(NF)membrane was used to treat textile dye effluent to generate water for reuse,and the factors affecting nanofi ltration process such as operating pressure,feed flow and membrane cleaning were investigated.With an applied pressure of 1.0 MPa and a feed flow of 40 L/h,this NF membrane has a removal of 93.3% for CODcr and a reduction of approximately 51.0% in TDS,salinity and conductivity achieving the chroma removal of 100%.The permeate obtained through this membrane is suitable for recycling.Moreover,the membrane could be reused after being cleaned with 1% NaOH solution.     

Time evolution of coal structure during low temperature air oxidation

The time evolution of coal structure during low temperature oxidation was investigated by oxidizing coal samples in air at 120 °C for periods of up to 14 days. The structure of the oxidized coal samples was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and curve fitting analysis. The results show that carboxyl and ether groups are the main oxygen containing moieties in oxidized coal. Ethers are most abundant during the first 3 days of oxidation, thereafter carboxyl groups predominate. The content of carboxyl and ester functionality increases with oxidation time. The other oxygen containing groups vary in concentration over time. The amount of hydroxyl groups first decreases then increases and finally decrease again during the oxidation. The aliphatic structure and the degree of branching of the aliphatic chains is reduced as the oxidation proceeds. The proportion of aromatic structure increases with oxidation time. Obvious decomposition of aromatic rings occurs after about 9 days of oxidation. The aryl ester bands and the CH₃/CH₂ ratio both have a good linear relationship to oxidation time.     

Decision tree classifiers sensitive to heterogeneous costs

There are nine major types of cost involved in cost-sensitive learning that are with heterogeneous units in general, referred to heterogeneous costs. Extant cost-sensitive learning (CSL) algorithms are based on the assumption that all involved costs can be transformed into a unified unit, called as homogeneous assumption of costs. While it is a challenge to construct many suitable transformation functions for the costs with diverse units, this paper designs a heterogeneous-cost sensitive learning (HCSL) algorithm to make split attribute selection more effective. This paper first proposes an efficient method of reducing the heterogeneity caused by both cost mechanisms and attribute information. And then, all heterogeneous costs with attribution information together are incorporated into the process of split attribute selection, called as HCAI-based split attribute selection. Third, the over-fitting is tackled by designing a simple and effective smoothing strategy, so as to build cost-sensitive decision tree classifiers with the HCSL algorithm. Experiments are conducted to evaluate the proposed HCSL algorithm on six UCI datasets. Experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms existing methods for handling the heterogeneity caused by cost mechanisms and attribute information.     

南岭于都—赣县矿集区的综合物性特征

针对南岭于都-赣县矿集区深部地球物理探测中综合物性研究工作的不足,对该区的综合物性进行了全面、系统地研究。本文首先提出了该区综合物性研究工作的技术路线,针对该区的岩（矿）石实际分布情况,采取了多种技术方法进行系统的标本采集,开展了多物性参数的测定;其次研究了该区各种岩（矿）石综合物性参数的分布特征及其变化规律,初步建立了矿集区地球物理标尺,为资料的处理解释提供物性依据;最后,根据综合物性研究成果对地球物理综合异常进行了解释和分析,取得了良好的地质效果。     

考虑填充墙作用的框架结构Pushover分析

通过对"汶川地震"中框架填充墙的破坏情况进行调查分析,给出了框架填充墙的主要破坏形式,并总结发生破坏的原因;针对砌体填充墙框架结构在地震作用下的受力特点,提出结构简化计算模型(框架-斜撑模型),利用等效轴向刚度推导出斜撑宽度;结合实际工程,采用框架-斜撑模型对已建的框架填充墙结构进行Pushover分析,对结构的抗震能力做出评估。结果表明:①填充墙消耗了大量的地震能量,对周边部分构件起到了保护作用;②填充墙的参与,改变了结构的受力状态,结构薄弱部位也发生了变化。     

半干旱半荒漠地区沙柳周边土壤水分分布规律研究

土壤与植被是土壤-植物-大气连续体(SPAC)系统中两个相互依存和影响的重要因素.土壤水分是影响沙地植被稳定性的决定因素之一.通过对半干旱半荒漠地区主要植被沙柳根系发育区域内土壤水分的测定,分析了植被周围土壤含水量在水平、垂直方向的变化规律以及土壤含水量与日照、降雨、沙坡位置等因子的关系.结果表明:降雨引起沙地表层土壤含水量增加;65 cm深度土壤含水量偏小;根系的分布使得植株下方土壤含水量减少;土壤水分和植物根系存在相互作用的关系.     

渭北旱塬区典型测井地下水埋深的灰色预测研究

地下水埋深变化是地下水系统动态变化最主要的表现形式之一,通过预测地下水埋深分析地下水系统未来演变趋势,对合理开发、持续利用地下水资源有着重要的现实意义。本文选取2000-2010年渭北旱塬区的两个典型监测井的地下水埋深数据,用灰色GM(1,1)理论建立预测模型,并对该监测井的地下水埋深进行短期预测。经检验,该模型具有较高的预测精度,说明采用灰色理论预测渭北旱塬区监测井地下水埋深的方法可行。     

基于剖面数值模拟的地下水流系统结构控制因素——以鄂尔多斯白垩系盆地北部典型剖面为例

针对解析法计算难度大,且难以描述水流系统复杂边界条件和含水层结构的问题,利用GMS软件建立水流系统的剖面二维数值模型,通过软件自动生成流网图,并以鄂尔多斯白垩系盆地北部典型剖面为例,分析影响水流系统结构的各种控制因素。结果表明,水流系统的水平发育规模主要受地形(边界条件)控制,而垂向循环深度主要受控于含水层各向异性,水平渗透系数和垂向渗透系数的比值与含水层的结构有关,并且依赖于模型剖分单元格尺寸的变化,具有一定的尺度效应。     

鄂尔多斯高原地下水固碳能力研究

利用不同深度地下水的二氧化碳含量,结合粒子示踪技术确定不同深度地下水的循环量,对鄂尔多斯高原地下水的固碳能力进行了估算。结果表明,浅层地下水二氧化碳含量为0.02～6.45 mg/L,中、深层地下水不含二氧化碳;浅层地下水的循环量占总循环量的82.4%,中、深层地下水的循环量占总循环量的17.6%;鄂尔多斯高原地下水的固碳能力约为2 470 t/a。