资源型缺水地区农业节水与调水贡献对比分析

以南水北调受水区5个典型灌区为例,对农业节水与调水的最终水量贡献、最终经济贡献和同等经济贡献下节水与调水成本进行了对比分析,结果表明,在工程节水量、调水水量相同时,调水最终贡献是工程节水的1.982～3.202倍,从而论证了资源型缺水地区实施引水补源的必要性和可行性。     

Towards locally and globally shape-aware reverse 3D modeling

The process of re-creating CAD models from actual physical parts, formally known as digital shape reconstruction (DSR) is an integral part of product development, especially in re-design. While, the majority of current methods used in DSR are surface-based, our overarching goal is to obtain direct parameterization of 3D meshes, by avoiding the actual segmentation of the mesh into different surfaces. As a first step towards reverse modeling physical parts, we extract (1) locally prominent cross-sections (PCS) from triangular meshes, and (2) organize and cluster them into sweep components, which form the basic building blocks of the re-created CAD model. In this paper, we introduce two new algorithms derived from Locally Linear Embedding (LLE) (Roweis and Sauk, 2000 [3]) and Affinity Propagation (AP) (Frey and Dueck, 2007 [4]) for organizing and clustering PCS. The LLE algorithm analyzes the cross-sections (PCS) using their geometric properties to build a global manifold in an embedded space. The AP algorithm, then clusters the local cross sections by propagating affinities among them in the embedded space to form different sweep components. We demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of the algorithms through many examples including actual laser-scanned (point cloud) mechanical parts.     

Robust shape normalization of 3D articulated volumetric models

3D shape normalization is a common task in various computer graphics and pattern recognition applications. It aims to normalize different objects into a canonical coordinate frame with respect to rigid transformations containing translation, rotation and scaling in order to guarantee a unique representation. However, the conventional normalization approaches do not perform well when dealing with 3D articulated objects.To address this issue, we introduce a new method for normalizing a 3D articulated object in the volumetric form. We use techniques from robust statistics to guide the classical normalization computation. The key idea is to estimate the initial normalization by using implicit shape representation, which produces a novel articulation insensitive weight function to reduce the influence of articulated deformation. We also propose and prove the articulation insensitivity of implicit shape representation. The final solution is found by means of iteratively reweighted least squares. Our method is robust to articulated deformation without any explicit shape decomposition. The experimental results and some applications are presented for demonstrating the effectiveness of our method.     

An algebraic formulation and implementation of the tetrahedron linear method for the Brillouin zone integration of spectral functions

A package of FORTRAN subroutines is provided for the Brillouin zone (BZ) integration of the Green?s functions (GF) and spectral functions. The relevant weighting factors at sampling points in the BZ are evaluated to high precision with the help of the formulas for both the real and imaginary parts. The analytical properties of implemented expressions are discussed, and their range of validity is determined. The limiting cases when values at the tetrahedron corners coincide are worked out in terms of the finite difference quotients and replaced by the derivatives. The present numerical algorithms are developed for one-, two- and three-dimensional simplexes, with the potential ability of handling simplexes with higher dimensions as well. As an example, the results of computation the simple cubic lattice GF?s are presented.Program summaryProgram title: SimTetCatalogue identifier: AEKF_v1_0Program summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEKF_v1_0.htmlProgram obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen?s University, Belfast, N. IrelandLicensing provisions: Standard CPC licence, http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/licence/licence.htmlNo. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 3176No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 19 416Distribution format: tar.gzProgramming language: FortranComputer: Any computer with a Fortran compilerOperating system: Unix, Linux, WindowsRAM: 512 MbytesClassification: 4.11, 7.3Nature of problem: The integration of the Green?s function over the Brillouin zone appears in the computations of many physical quantities in solid-state physics.Solution method: The integral over the Brillouin zone is computed with the tetrahedron linear method. The complex weights are generated with the novel algebraic formulas free of apparent singularities and well suited for automatic computations.Running time: A few μsec per integral.     

汽车后扭力梁结构的模态分析

为揭示某汽车后扭力梁在实际道路激励工况下容易出现振动疲劳的机制,需要对结构固有振动特性进行分析。为了得到后扭力梁结构更为准确的固有振动特性,对模态试验中的悬挂位置、激励位置和测点位置的布置方式进行重点分析,并结合结构的实际情况进行优化。采用优化后的最佳模态试验法识别后扭力梁结构在自由-自由工况下的模态参数,得到结构固有频率和振型特征。通过对比可知：后扭力梁结构前10阶自由模态频率吻合很好,误差控制在6%内。这表明采用优化后的模态试验方案能够更为准确地识别结构的模态频率,得到结构固有振动特性。     

一种基于折反射相机的客车全景环视系统

针对大客车体积大、盲区多,全景环视技术在客车上的应用较少且不成熟这一现状,开展大客车的全景环视技术研究,在嵌入式平台上实现了全景环视系统.同时,为解决大客车全景环视系统对标定设备和标定场地要求复杂、标定时间长的问题,提出了一种在折反射鱼眼相机模型基础上,加入标定棋盘平面与地面的映射,采用抬高的棋盘进行计算标定的方法.实验证明,该系统全景环视效果良好、标定过程简单快速、适合推广应用.     

Stochastic formulation of particle kinetics in wall-bounded two-phase flows

This paper presents a generalized framework of stochastic modeling for particle kinetics in wall-bounded flow. We modified a reflected Brownian motion process and straightforwardly obtained a Kramers equation for particle probability density function (PDF). After the wall effects were accounted for as a drift from zero in the mean displacement and suppression in the diffusivity of a particle, an analytical solution was worked out for PDF. Three distinguishable mechanisms were identified to affect the profile of particle probability distribution: external forces, turbophoresis effect, and wall-drift effect. The proposed formulation covers the Huang et al. (2009) model of a wall that produces electrostatic repulsion force and van der Waals force, as well as Monte-Carlo solutions for the Peter and Barenbrug (2002) model under a variety of relaxation times. Moreover, it successfully reproduces the two patterns of particle concentration profiles observed in experiments of sediment-laden open-channel flows. The strength of the wall-drift effect was found to be connected with the interaction frequency between particle and wall. Further exploration of the relationship among flow turbulence, particle inertia, and particle concentration is worthwhile.