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21.
《Ceramics International》2020,46(3):2868-2876
In order to improve the stability of PZT-based sensors, the mechanical, dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of PZT-5H under impact load were studied experimentally by using the separated Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) with an electrical output measurement device. At the same time, the experimental study on the material properties of PZT-5H before and after the impact was carried out. The effect of impact cracks on the output voltage of PZT-5H was also analyzed. The results show that the dynamic piezoelectric constants of PZT-5H under low stress impact (10–50 MPa) are different from those under quasi-static state, and the empirical relationship between them and the peak stress is obtained through experiments. The dielectric properties of PZT-5H did not change under low stress impact, but micro-cracks occurred in the material and dielectric loss increased at high frequencies. Under short circuit, the residual polarization intensity of PZT-5H decreases sharply due to impact load. While the impact load causes the secondary polarization and the increase of the residual polarization intensity of PZT under open circuit. When the stress is over 45 MPa, the PZT-5H breaks. The formation of cracks causes abnormal discharge voltage and gap discharge. 相似文献
22.
《Ceramics International》2020,46(10):16480-16492
Transition metal oxide nanoparticles (CuO, ZnO & Fe2O3) and mixed metal oxides CuO. ZnO.Fe2O3 were fabricated by facile co-precipitation approach for photocatalytic treatment of organic dyes. The structural features, phase purity, crystallite size and morphology of individual and mixed metal oxides were analysed by X-rays diffraction patterns (XRD) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. Electrical behaviour of CuO, ZnO, Fe2O3 and mixed metal oxides CuO. ZnO.Fe2O3 was explored by current-voltage (I-V) measurements. Functional groups present in the synthesized metal oxides were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) which ensures the existence of M-O functional groups in the samples. The optical bandgap analysis was carried out by UV–visible spectroscopic technique which revealed that the blend of three different transition metal oxides reduced the bandgap energy of mixed metal oxides. The reason behind this reduced bandgap energy is formation of new electronic state which arises due to the metal-oxygen interactions. Moreover, the nanocomposites of CuO.ZnO.Fe2O3 with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared to study the effect of the carbonaceous materials on the rate of photodegradation. These carbonaceous nanomaterials have plethora properties which can bring advancement in sector of photocatalytic treatment of wastewater. The photocatalytic experiments were performed using methylene blue (MB) as standard dye for comparative study of metal oxides and their composites with rGO and CNTs. The percentage degradation of methylene blue (MB) by nanocomposite CuO.ZnO.Fe2O3/rGO is 87% which is prominent among all samples. This result ascribed the photocatalytic aspects of reduced graphene oxide along with mixed metal oxides. 相似文献
23.
《Ceramics International》2020,46(9):13125-13132
It is of great significance to develop highly active and cost-effective electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline solution. Herein, we report an interface engineering strategy to fabricate 3D hierarchical CuCo2O4@CuCo2S4 heterostructure catalysts with efficient synergistic effects for water splitting. Owing to the special nano-architectures with abundant active interfaces, the as-prepared CuCo2O4@CuCo2S4 catalysts exhibit superior electrochemical activity and prominent electrochemical stability, with a small overpotential of 240 and 101 mV for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions to deliver a current density of 10 mA cm−2, respectively. Remarkably, the CuCo2O4@CuCo2S4 materials directly applied as both anode and cathode electrode demonstrate excellent water splitting performance, achieving 10 mA cm−2 at a low cell voltage of only 1.53 V, outperforming the integrated state-of-the-art RuO2||Pt/C couple (1.56 V). Moreover, density functional theory calculations suggest that the excellent overall water splitting property of CuCo2O4@CuCo2S4 is attributed to a large amount of hierarchical hetero-interfaces, giving rise to effective adsorption and cleavage of H2O molecules on the catalyst surface. This work represents a general strategy to exploit efficient and stable hybrid electrocatalysts for renewable energy applications by rational catalyst interface engineering. 相似文献
24.
Interactions between financial time series are complex and changeable in both time and frequency domains. To reveal the evolution characteristics of the time-varying relations between bivariate time series from a multi-resolution perspective, this study introduces an approach combining wavelet analysis and complex networks. In addition, to reduce the influence the phase lag between the time series has on the correlations, we propose dynamic time-warping (DTW) correlation coefficients to reflect the correlation degree between bivariate time series. Unlike previous studies that symbolized the time series only based on the correlation strength, the second-level symbol is set according to the correlation length during the coarse-graining process. This study presents a novel method to analyze bivariate time series and provides more information for investors and decision makers when investing in the stock market. We choose the closing prices of two stocks in China’s market as the sample and explore the evolutionary behavior of correlation modes from different resolutions. Furthermore, we perform experiments to discover the critical correlation modes between the bull market and the bear market on the high-resolution scale, the clustering effect during the financial crisis on the middle-resolution scale, and the potential pseudo period on the low-resolution scale. The experimental results exactly match reality, which provides powerful evidence to prove that our method is effective in financial time series analysis. 相似文献
25.
Decarbonization of the energy system is urgent to avert the disruptions in the climate. Considering its share, the low carbon transition of the power sector is pivotal. Growing electricity demand poses unique challenges for Turkey to enact deep decarbonization. It is vital to uncover the contributing causes of emissions to provide strategic oversight for carbon management activities. This study investigates key drivers of CO2 emissions from the power sector using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index decomposition method. While efficiency improvement contributes to sustainable yet minor mitigation, changes in the fossil-fuel share indicate a cycling but significant overall impact. 相似文献
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指针推进移动性管理策略中指针链长度的概率 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
为了降低移动通信网络中位置跟踪操作的代价,指针推进策略被提出.显然,指针链长度的确定对这一策略的有效应用是至为重要的.已有论文假定移动台在位置区的逗留时间服从指数分布的条件下,对指针链的长度进行研究,但指数分布的特殊性,限制了其研究结果的应用.本文推广了上述结果,研究了移动台在位置区的逗留时间服从一般概率分布的指针推进策略,通过构造向量马氏过程,利用密度演化方法,导出了指针链长度的概率公式,这个公式可用于对各种指针推进策略性能的评价. 相似文献
30.
《Composites Part A》2007,38(2):323-336
In this paper, a new simple metallic z-rod model is proposed to study the bending effect of the metallic z-rods on mode II delamination toughness of laminated composites. A new transverse shear force–deformation relationship for a metallic z-rod is obtained by using the classical beam theory and modeling its surrounding matrix as linearly elastic, rigid–perfectly plastic or linearly elastic–perfectly plastic springs. The bridging traction provided by a metallic z-rod to the mode II delamination toughness is assumed to be only the shear force carried by a z-rod created by the relative slippage between two substrate beams in an end-notched flexure (ENF) specimen, whereas the longitudinal sliding friction is assumed to make negligible contribution to the bridging traction. Mode II strain energy release rate (SERR) is employed to evaluate the influence of the metallic z-rods on the interlaminar fracture toughness of end-notched flexure (ENF) specimens. A parametric study of ENF specimens reinforced with the z-rods is conducted to demonstrate the effect of the new bridging mechanism by the metallic z-rods on the mode II delamination toughness. 相似文献