Facile synthesis of carbon self-doped g-C3N4 for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Graphite carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) is an appealing metal-free photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution, but the potential has been limited by its poor visible-light absorption and unsatisfactory separation of photo-induced carriers. Herein, a facile one-pot strategy to fabricate carbon self-doped g-C₃N₄ composite through the calcination of dicyanamide and trace amounts of dimethylformamide is presented. The as-obtained carbon self-doped catalyst is investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), confirming the substitution of carbon atoms in original sites of bridging nitrogen. We demonstrate that the as-prepared materials display remarkably improved visible-light absorption and optimized electronic structure under the premise of principally maintaining the tri-s-triazine based crystal framework and surface properties. Furthermore, the carbon doped g-C₃N₄ composite simultaneously weakens the transportation barrier of charge carriers, suppresses charge recombination and raises the separated efficiency of photoinduced holes and electrons on account of the extension of pi conjugated system. As a result, carbon self-doped g-C₃N₄ exhibits 4.3 times greater photocurrent density and 5.2 times higher hydrogen evolution rate compared with its bulk counterpart under visible light irradiation.     

Characteristics and Rheological Properties of Polysaccharide Nanoparticles from Edible Mushrooms (Flammulina velutipes)

Nanotechnology has become relevant in the food‐related industries, and edible mushrooms can be a potential raw material for providing satisfied edible nanomaterial. In this study, by following 3 different pretreatments (hot water or cold alkali or hot alkali) insoluble polysaccharide nanoparticles were prepared from Flammulina velutipes by wet milling and high pressure homogenization and their properties were investigated. The resultant nanoparticles were characterized by SEM, GC‐MS (for its main compositions), FTIR, XRD, and TG. The 1 wt% nanoparticle dispersions presented non‐Newtonian, shear‐thinning fluids with the viscosity in an increasing order for the hot water < cold alkali < hot alkali. Moreover, the dynamical rheological results showed differences of storage (G′) and loss (G″) moduli of these particle dispersions. It was concluded that the Flammulina velutipes‐derived polysaccharides nanoparticles have great potential applications in the food industry, for example, as emulsifiers, reinforcement agents, and bioactive carriers.     

Lime mud CaCO3 for use as a filler material in papermaking: Impact of its preflocculation with cationic polyacrylamide

Cationic polyacrylamide with different molecular weights were used to preflocculate the lime mud (LM) before it was added to the paper stock for handsheet preparation. The particle sizes, ζ potential, and morphology of the unpreflocculated and resulting preflocculated LM were studied. We found that high‐molecular‐weight cationic polyacrylamide (H‐CPAM) led to larger LM flocs with a more positive ζ potential. The scanning electron microscopy images indicated that the morphological structure of the filler hardly changed during the preflocculation process. The effects of the preflocculation on the filler retention and paper properties were also investigated. The results show that the handsheets filled with preflocculated LM had better hydrophobicity and strength properties compared to handsheets filled with unpreflocculated LM, especially for H‐CPAM‐preflocculated LM. The paper formation was also improved, and the optical properties nearly remained the same. In addition, the LM preflocculated with H‐CPAM had the highest filler retention. At a filler loading of 30%, the filler retention of the H‐CPAM‐preflocculated LM was higher than 86; it was less than 82.5% in other cases. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41640.     

Comparison of Dye Behavior from Aspen HYP: Dyes Added in the HYP Manufacturing Process Versus Dyes Added at the Papermaking Wet End

Abstract

The yellowish color of High Yield Pulp (HYP) gives some psychological obstacles and limits its application in some paper grades. Dyes are widely used in the papermaking process to shade the yellowish color of the paper products. We proposed to add dyes into the HYP manufacturing process to minimize the yellowish hue. In this work, we substituted the dye-added HYP (dyes added in the HYP manufacturing process) for hardwood kraft pulp in the production of fine paper grades, and compared the results from those by adding dyes into the papermaking wet end. A higher dye effectiveness was obtained when we used the dye-added HYP. Also, the dye-added HYP gave more effective performance of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) fillers and Optical Brightening Agents (OBA) in terms of CIE whiteness and b*. In addition, the dye-added HYP showed less negative effect on brightness and better compatibility with other dyes. The underlying mechanism for the above experimental observation was proposed.     

纤维孔隙率的测量及密度法测量的纤维素含量

利用纤维体积密度和氦比重方法测量纤维素密度、绝对密度、体积密度和孔隙率，进而准确地计算出纤维素的含量。     

In(OTf)3-catalyzed intermolecular addition of carboxylic acids and phenols to norbornene under solvent-free conditions

A novel efficient and simple protocol to the synthesis of norbornyl ester and ether derivatives catalyzed by In(OTf)₃ under solvent-free conditions is described. This method provides several advantages such as being environmentally friendly, processing high yields and simple work-up procedure.     

白腐菌Trametes sp. Lg-9粗酶液预处理对杨木SCMP性能的影响

研究了白腐菌Trametes sp. Lg-9粗酶液预处理对磺化化学机械浆（SCMP）性能的影响。结果表明：Lg-9粗酶液预处理可改善SCMP的打浆性能,降低打浆能量消耗,预处理后打浆的纤维平均长度增大,细小组分含量降低,宽度稍有增大。Trametes sp. Lg-9粗酶液预处理可提高SCMP白度,改善强度。Trametes sp. Lg-9粗酶液预处理的漂后浆纤维平均长度较长,细小组分含量较少,粗酶液用量大于8IU/g浆时,随着粗酶液用量的增大,纤维平均长度有所降低,细小组分含量有所提高。     

表面施胶型AKD用乳化剂的中试

综述了表面施胶型AKD用乳化剂在中试生产过程中的注意事项,并与实验室工艺条件进行了比较。通过调节中试过程中的生产环节,最终使该新型AKD用乳化剂成功生产,满足了市场更新换代的需要。     

PVAm/HCS/CPAM三元体系对废纸浆DCS控制的研究

研究了聚乙烯胺（PVAm）/高阳离子度淀粉（HCS）/CPAM三元体系对废纸浆DCS的控制效果,研究结果表明：PVAm/HCS/CPAM三元体系对废纸浆DCS有很好的协同控制效果,其控制效果好于PVAm/CPAM双元体系和PVAm单一体系。PVAm/HCS/CPAM三元体系中,当浆料pH值为6,PVAm用量为0.2%,HCS用量为0.1%,CPAM用量为0.05%时,对废纸浆DCS的控制效果最好。在该体系作用下,浆料的Zeta电位有所增加,滤水性能明显改善,DCS的浊度下降90%,阳离子需求量下降69.3%。