Electrodeposited NiMoP catalysts on carbon felt for hydrogenation of indigo during electrocatalytically splitting water

Electrochemical hydrogenation is an environmentally favorable alternative to chemical reduction of indigo because it performs under ambient conditions using water as the donor of hydrogen. The purpose of this work is to fabricate electrocatalysts with high activity and durability for electrocatalytic hydrogenation of indigo. This work compares the performances of a series of Ni based catalysts (Ni, NiMo, NiP and NiMoP) on the substrate of carbon felt (CF) for electrolyzing water. Both the overpotential and Tafel slop are decreased as a function of the components as Ni > NiMo > NiP > NiMoP. Hence, NiMoP/CF shows the excellent performance based on the thermodynamics (η₁₀ = 239 mV) and kinetics (Tafel slope = 89.7 mV·dec^?1) for splitting water. Further, the electrode of NiMoP/CF was used for the electrocatalytic hydrogenation of indigo. The conversion efficiency and Faradic efficiency can be improved as 26.2% and 10.7% respectively. Furthermore, the dyeing behavior of the electrohydrogenated indigo is similar to that of conventional reduction methods. Thus, the present work offers foundational results and paves the way for the design of new catalytic materials for the reduction of vat dyes.     

The formation of fibrous structure of polyamide 6 induced by the three-step forming process and its prominent reinforcement in nitrile rubber

Nitrile rubber (NBR) blends with excellent performance have always been a hot research topic in petroleum field. Due to the excellent performance and compatibility of polyamide 6 (PA6), it provides an opportunity for the preparation of high-performance NBR/PA6 blends. In this article, NBR/PA6 blends were prepared by the three-step molding process. Experimentally, it was found that PA6 has a prominent reinforcement effect in NBR matrix. The variation of this mechanical property was investigated from different aspects of the crystal structure, crystallinities, phase morphology, and so on. It can be cleared that the formation of fibrous structure of PA6 phase is the main factor for reinforcement of the polymer blends. Meanwhile, the formation mechanism of the special phase structure induced by the three-step process is deeply expounded and its structural evolution schematic is established. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47472.     

Facile and efficient synthesis of magnetic fluorescent nanocomposites based on carbon nanotubes

Multifunctional nanomaterials composed of magnetic and fluorescent nanoparticles have been one of the most extensive pursuits because of the potential application in bio-research. In this paper, we demonstrated an efficient method by coupling CdSe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) with Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs) while functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) were used as matrix to synthesize a kind of magnetic fluorescent nanocomposite. Compared with other matrix materials, carbon nanotubes have the advantages of high surface areas and good biocompatibility. The incorporation of f-MWCNTs supplies plenty of nucleation sites for the preferential growth of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, avoiding the agglomeration phenomenon of Fe₃O₄ MNPs in traditional co-precipitation method. Moreover, the un-reacted functional groups of f-MCNTs can further adsorb biological species and drugs, averting the decline of fluorescent intensity caused by the modification of biological species and drugs. The synthetic product maintains the unique properties of rapid magnetic response and efficient fluorescence, which shows a broad application prospect in fluorescent labeling, biological imaging, cell tracking and drug delivery.     

一种快速起振中频电源的研究

中频电源是感应加热领域常用的一种设备。传统的中频电源采用扫频方式起振,其一次起振成功率不高,特别当负载变化时容易引起停振现象。针对这些问题,本文提出了一种半桥串联谐振快速起振中频电源电路。电路自动捕捉负载谐振频率,使系统自动进入谐振工作状态。通过对半桥串联谐振逆变器电路的分析、计算,再通过工作电路的实际测试,表明该设计可以满足快速稳定起振要求,且当负载变化时也能稳定工作。     

废FCC催化剂对再生基础油吸附性能的研究

废油和废催化裂化(FCC)催化剂是两类难处理的危险废弃物。为了循环利用这两种废物,本文使用废催化裂化催化剂吸附再生基础油中的碱性氮,从而提高其品质。当吸附温度为150℃,剂油比为10%,废FCC催化剂为400目时,吸附条件最佳;结果显示该条件下,再生基础油色号为7,碱性氮含量为0.62 ppm,碱性氮含量降低百分比高达94%,满足重复使用的标准。     

基于ExtJS+SSH架构的民政服务信息系统设计与实现

针对传统民政办公系统结构复杂,不易维护和不易扩展的情况,提出了一种基于Ext JS+SSH(Struts2、Spring和Hibernate)架构的民政服务信息系统。按照Java EE的分层思想,通过Struts2框架实现了MVC模式,将用户界面、业务处理和数据访问三者分离,利用Spring框架统一管理系统对象以降低系统的耦合性,采用Hibernate框架实现业务数据的持久化以降低开发难度。实验结果表明,基于Ext JS和SSH架构的系统具有易维护、可扩展和运行稳定的特性。     

接枝梳型高分子的SCF理论模拟

利用Scheutjens—Fleer自洽场（SF—SCF）理论,对表面接枝梳型高分子的体系进行模拟研究。模拟结果表明,柔性梳型高分子主链的链段密度分布仅与支链的总链段数有关,主链随支链链段数目的增加而伸展。当总链段数一定且主链长度相同时,线性高分子表现出较高的接枝率,比接枝的梳型高分子具有更大的分子伸展程度与更厚的接枝层。对于线性高分子的接枝层,提高链长比提高接枝率能得到更厚的接枝层。     

基于自适应SRUKF算法的电力系统动态谐波状态估计

针对传统无迹卡尔曼滤波(unscented kalman filter, UKF)谐波状态估计算法存在时变噪声和异常数据时估计准确度较差的情况,提出了一种基于自适应平方根无迹卡尔曼滤波(square- root UKF, SRUKF)的电力系统谐波状态估计算法。首先,针对时变噪声干扰,引入改进的Sage-Husa噪声估计方法实时估计噪声协方差。其次,针对异常数据干扰,引入异常数据修正方法,通过修正系数来降低异常数据对状态估计结果的影响。最后,通过搭建IEEE14节点系统验证自适应SRUKF算法的估计性能,能够有效地应用于电力系统的动态谐波状态估计。仿真结果表明,该算法在时变噪声和异常数据干扰时仍具有良好的估计性能。     

Recent Development of Jumping Motions Based on Soft Actuators

Drawing inspiration from the jumping motions of living creatures in nature, jumping robots have emerged as a promising research field over the past few decades due to great application potential in interstellar exploration, military reconnaissance, and life rescue missions. Early reviews mainly focused on jumping robots made of lightweight and rigid materials with mechanical components, concentrating on jumping control and stability. Herein, attention is paid to the jumping mechanisms of soft actuators assembled from various soft smarting materials and powered by different stimulus sources. The challenges and prospects of soft jumping actuators are also discussed. It is hoped that this review will contribute to the further development of soft jumping actuators and broaden their practical applications.     

Relaxation-Induced Significant Room-Temperature Dielectric Pulsing Effects

Thermo-responsive dielectric materials are in urgent demand owing to the rapid development of smart electronic/electrical systems. Although different types and structures of thermally responsive dielectric materials have been continuously reported, their dielectric response behaviors all originate from thermodynamic phase transitions. Herein, it is demonstrated that structural relaxation in poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), a non-thermodynamic phase transition, can induce a significant thermal dielectric pulse at room temperature. The dielectric pulse strength of up to 6.3 × 10⁵ at 20 Hz, with a dielectric pulsing temperature of 24 °C, is achieved from polyethylene glycol (PEG)-PVDF coaxial nanofibrous films (PVDF@PEG), fabricated via a continuous blow spinning method. Moreover, the films exhibit excellent flexibility, adjustable strength and toughness, switchable hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, and effective thermal management capability. The relaxation-induced dielectric pulsing effect, outstanding multifunctionality, and simple preparation combine to promote further scalability and prospects of PVDF@PEG. In particular, the work contributes to the discovery of the relaxation-induced dielectric response mechanism, which provides a new strategy for the generation of thermo-responsive dielectric materials.