Facile synthesis of carbon self-doped g-C3N4 for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Graphite carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) is an appealing metal-free photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution, but the potential has been limited by its poor visible-light absorption and unsatisfactory separation of photo-induced carriers. Herein, a facile one-pot strategy to fabricate carbon self-doped g-C₃N₄ composite through the calcination of dicyanamide and trace amounts of dimethylformamide is presented. The as-obtained carbon self-doped catalyst is investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), confirming the substitution of carbon atoms in original sites of bridging nitrogen. We demonstrate that the as-prepared materials display remarkably improved visible-light absorption and optimized electronic structure under the premise of principally maintaining the tri-s-triazine based crystal framework and surface properties. Furthermore, the carbon doped g-C₃N₄ composite simultaneously weakens the transportation barrier of charge carriers, suppresses charge recombination and raises the separated efficiency of photoinduced holes and electrons on account of the extension of pi conjugated system. As a result, carbon self-doped g-C₃N₄ exhibits 4.3 times greater photocurrent density and 5.2 times higher hydrogen evolution rate compared with its bulk counterpart under visible light irradiation.     

Synthesis of Cellulose-Based Macromolecular Coupling Agent and its Utilization in Poly (butylene succinate)/Wood Flour Composites

A long fatty side chain was introduced into the macromolecule of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) via esterification reaction. The hydrophobicity of hydroxyethyl cellulose lauric acid ester (HECLAE) was enhanced in comparison with HEC. The obtained HECLAE was used as macromolecular coupling agent in poly (butylene succinate)/wood flour composites and exhibited a positive influence on improving the mechanical performance of composites. Besides, HECLAE plays a role as a hydrophobic agent in composites. A significant increase in storage modulus (E’) was observed upon the incorporation of treated wood flour. SEM images showed that the dispersion of treated wood flour in PBS matrix was improved.     

稳定脱墨浆过氧化氢漂白和抑制硅酸盐结垢的双功能助剂的研究

研究了不同螯合剂对脱墨浆过氧化氢漂白的稳定作用以及不同硅酸盐阻垢剂对硅酸盐垢的分散作用.复配出一种既可以稳定过氧化氢漂白又可以抑制硅酸盐结垢的双功能助剂（以质量分数计,DTPMPA 2.25%、DTPA 4.50%、EDTA 4.50%、硅酸盐阻垢剂A 15.00%,蒸馏水73.75%）.使用此助剂进行一段过氧化氢漂白,漂浆ISO白度可达到58%,比单独使用DTPMPA,ISO白度提高2.5%.     

pH冲击对磁性微氧活性污泥理化特性的影响

研究了pH冲击对处理低负荷葡萄糖废水的磁性微氧活性污泥理化特性的影响。在pH=6.0和9.0的条件下对添加磁粉和无磁粉反应器微氧活性污泥进行15d的冲击,而后调整pH=7.5进行5d的恢复实验。对pH冲击下污泥理化指标SVI(污泥指数)、MLSS(污泥浓度)以及絮凝性能的变化情况进行考察,结果表明有磁粉反应器的各项指标均优于无磁粉反应器。经过5d的恢复实验,添加磁粉反应器污泥的理化指标均能恢复到接近初始值,而无磁粉反应器性能难以恢复到接近初始值。     

彩色喷墨打印夜光纸性能研究

研究了发光粉的种类、用量以及阳离子固色剂的用量对打印夜光纸性能的影响．结果表明：天蓝色发光粉的成纸性能优于黄绿色和蓝绿色发光粉的成纸性能,但是由于天蓝色发光粉的发光强度低、余辉时间短而不考虑使用;发光粉的用量20％为宜;随着阳离子固色剂用量的增加,打印性能得到提高,但是需要控制用量,阳离子固色剂适宜用量为5％．喷墨打印夜光纸不仅能在暗处发光,而且具有喷墨打印的特性,因此它必将展现出广阔的市场前景和发展潜力．     

Quercetagetin loaded in soy protein isolate–κ-carrageenan complex: Fabrication mechanism and protective effect

In the present study, the potential of soy protein isolate (SPI)–κ-carrageenan (κ-CG) complex as a protective carrier for quercetagetin was investigated at different pH values (pH 2.3 and 6.5). The particle size of the ternary aggregates was slightly increased at pH 2.3, yet dramatically decreased at pH 6.5 with increasing quercetagetin concentration. Moreover, the negative ζ-potential of the ternary aggregates was increased significantly (p < 0.05) at pH 6.5. The addition of quercetagetin to the SPI–κ-CG complex could highly quench the intrinsic fluorescence of SPI. Circular dichroism spectra further suggested that the bound quercetagetin could induce the rise of β-sheet and β-turn contents at the cost of α-helix and unordered coil fractions of SPI. In addition, quercetagetin could increase the viscoelasticity of the ternary aggregates at both pH. Furthermore, the SPI–κ-CG complex was found to be superior to single SPI or κ-CG in terms of improving light stability and radical scavenging ability of quercetagetin.     

角质酶/表面活性剂体系对混合办公废纸的协同脱墨作用

角质酶能够水解可溶性酯、不溶性甘油三酯和各种聚酯，因此可以水解油墨中的连接料，有代替脂肪酶应用于废纸脱墨领域的潜能。利用角质酶和实验室复配得到的表面活性剂协同应用于混合办公废纸脱墨领域，探讨其脱墨效果和最优工艺，并与常用商业脂肪酶进行脱墨效果比较。结果表明，角质酶在酶用量10 U·g^-1，酶处理时间30 min，酶处理温度50℃，表面活性剂用量0.2%的条件下可以达到最优效果。与脂肪酶/表面活性剂以及单独用表面活性剂脱墨相比，角质酶脱墨后纸页的白度与油墨去除率更高，纸页的机械强度也较好。通过纸页性能的对比和扫描电镜（SEM）观察，角质酶的脱墨效果较脂肪酶更佳，角质酶/表面活性剂体系对混合办公废纸脱墨效果较好。     

Effects of pepsin hydrolysis on the soy β‐conglycinin aggregates formed by heat treatment at different pH

The effects of pepsin hydrolysis on the β‐conglycinin aggregates formed by heat treatment at different pH were investigated. Results showed that fibrils were still observed, whereas the random aggregates were easily to be digested in the simulated gastric fluid. Electrophoresis and molecular weight analysis indicated that large aggregates still existed after pepsin treatment for fibrils. Hydrolysis resulted in changes in the apparent viscosity (ηapp) of 6% fibril solutions. The ηapp at the shear rate range (0–30 s^?1) increased in the order of fibrils < fibrils with pepsin for 60 min < fibrils with pepsin for 30 min. Smaller peptide/fibril fragments were generated, and additional aggregates were reformed during the hydrolysis process, as evidenced by thioflavin T and atomic force microscopy images. The native β‐conglycinin hydrolysates comprised a mixture of polypeptides enriched in about 47 kDa. These findings would provide valuable information about effects of enzymatic hydrolysis on plant oligometric globulin aggregates.     

Characteristics and Rheological Properties of Polysaccharide Nanoparticles from Edible Mushrooms (Flammulina velutipes)

Nanotechnology has become relevant in the food‐related industries, and edible mushrooms can be a potential raw material for providing satisfied edible nanomaterial. In this study, by following 3 different pretreatments (hot water or cold alkali or hot alkali) insoluble polysaccharide nanoparticles were prepared from Flammulina velutipes by wet milling and high pressure homogenization and their properties were investigated. The resultant nanoparticles were characterized by SEM, GC‐MS (for its main compositions), FTIR, XRD, and TG. The 1 wt% nanoparticle dispersions presented non‐Newtonian, shear‐thinning fluids with the viscosity in an increasing order for the hot water < cold alkali < hot alkali. Moreover, the dynamical rheological results showed differences of storage (G′) and loss (G″) moduli of these particle dispersions. It was concluded that the Flammulina velutipes‐derived polysaccharides nanoparticles have great potential applications in the food industry, for example, as emulsifiers, reinforcement agents, and bioactive carriers.