Improving gelling properties of myofibrillar proteins incorporating with cellulose micro/nanofibres

The effects of cellulose microfibres (CMFs, Average size: 100 ± 5 μm) and cellulose nanofibres (CNFs, Average size: 60 ± 3 nm) on the properties of myofibrillar protein (MP) gels from duck breast meat were studied. The results demonstrated that CMFs and CNFs were mostly connected to MP by non-covalent bonds, the diffusion and cross-linking of MP molecules was promoted, and a denser and more complete gel network was formed. With the increases of CMFs and CNFs concentration (0–10%), the hardness was increased by 13.15% and 19.78% for CMFs10% and CNFs10% gels, respectively, and the elasticity was increased by 40% and 80%, respectively. At the same concentration (0–10%), the increase in gel hardness, viscoelasticity and immobilised water content was greater in the CNFs-MP group than in the CMFs-MP group. The CNFs-MP group had a tighter gel network, and CNFs had a better potential to improve the gelation performance of MP.     

15%联苯菊酯·氟啶虫酰胺悬浮剂防治桃蚜药效试验

为明确15%联苯菊酯·氟啶虫酰胺悬浮剂对桃蚜的田间防效,2017—2018年分别在河南、河北、辽宁3省的不同桃园进行了药效试验。结果表明,15%联苯菊酯·氟啶虫酰胺悬浮剂有效剂量为33.3~37.5 mg/L时对桃蚜防效很好,药后7、14 d的防效均在90%以上,对所有供试桃树安全。建议最好在春季桃蚜初发期至初盛期喷洒用药。     

预应力钢-竹组合梁受弯挠度计算方法与试验研究

为分析预应力钢-竹组合梁的受弯挠度,以加载方式、张弦位置、预应力度为变量,对12根组合梁试件进行了设计与试验研究。在此基础上,假定梁变形分布符合正弦半波曲线,并考虑梁加载过程中几何关系变化与预应力反拱的影响,采用弹性理论建立了组合梁中预应力筋应力增量的计算方法,推导得出一点或两点加载、一点或两点张弦时,组合梁受弯挠度计算的统一公式。试验与理论计算结果的对比表明：该文提出的挠度计算方法可较好的预测组合梁在正常使用阶段的挠度;随着预应力度的增加,组合梁的等效抗弯刚度不断提高,且两点张弦时可获得更高的等效抗弯刚度。此外,对于初始预应力为零的试件,需采用可靠预紧措施,以保证体外预应力筋能够有效发挥作用。     

基于EMD和BP神经网络的雷达体征信号检测算法

随着城市生活中医疗、治安、反恐等方面的需求日益突出,非接触式雷达生命体征检测逐渐得到各方面的关注.文章提出一种基于EMD和神经网络的雷达生命体征信号检测算法.由于UWB雷达回波信号的非平稳非线性特性,利用EMD的空间时间尺度特性对信号进行分解,得到一系列的本征模态函数IMF,然后通过结合了免疫遗传算法IGA的BP神经网络对信号进行优化,获得心跳和呼吸信号.结果表明,文章提出的算法比直接用EMD分解重构的信号的准确性高,弥补了EMD分解的端点效应问题,具有广阔的应用前景和研究价值.     

Lithium solubility limit in ZnGa2O4:Bi0.0013+,Li+ phosphor

The lithium solubility limit, photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) properties of lithium ion co-activated ZnGa₂O₄:Bi³⁺,Li⁺ phosphor have been investigated. A LiGaO₂ second phase began to appear from 3 mol% Li⁺ ion co-activated ZnGa₂O₄:Bi³⁺,Li⁺ phosphor. The enhanced brightness of blue (λ_ex = 254 nm) and white (λ_ex = 315 nm) colors of bismuth ions doped ZnGa₂O₄:Bi³⁺,Li⁺ phosphor was assigned to the formation of LiGaO₂. Bi³⁺ activated lithium zinc gallate phosphor showed a more enhanced PLE peak around 315 nm than that of lithium zinc gallate phosphor when λ_em = 520 nm. Thus, we observed that the PL intensity of ZnGa₂O₄:Bi³⁺,Li⁺ phosphor with λ_em = 520 nm was much greater than that of ZnGa₂O₄:Li⁺ phosphor. Also, ZnGa₂O₄:Bi³⁺,Li⁺ phosphor exhibited a shorter decay time than that of ZnGa₂O₄:Li⁺ phosphor by about a factor of about 2.     

富铁面包酵母的筛选及富集条件研究

本文探索获得富铁面包酵母的富集条件。筛选获得一株富铁能力较强的面包酵母菌株QN006。通过单因素实验确定该菌株富铁工艺条件为:铁盐种类为硫酸亚铁,亚铁离子浓度为900μg/mL,添加时间为0h,温度为28℃,pH为5.0。在此条件测得面包酵母QN006的铁富集量为13.92mg/g干菌体,不加糖面团发酵力达到623mL/h。     

Complex coacervates obtained from lactoferrin and gum arabic: Formation and characterization

Proteins and polysaccharides are the most frequently used hydrocolloids in the food industry, and their interaction can provide products such as complexes coacervates, which can be used as ingredients and biomaterials or in microencapsulation systems. In the present work, the interaction between lactoferrin (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5 and 1% w/w) and gum arabic (0.1% w/w) with various concentrations of NaCl (0, 0.01, 0.25, 0.3 and 0.5 mol/L) and at various pH values (from 1.0 to 12.0) was studied. The pH for the formation (higher turbidity) of the insoluble complex coacervates (pH_Ø1) varied according to the amount of NaCl used in the system (pH 3.5 to 5.3); these values are below the isoelectric point of lactoferrin (8.0), at which the protein is more positively charged, generating electrostatic binding. At a pH of approximately 2.0, this bond weakens, leading to the solubilization of precipitates, resulting in a sudden decrease in the turbidity (pH_Ø2). Samples containing a lower concentration of lactoferrin (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% w/w) showed greater turbidity and consequently a higher formation of precipitates or aggregates. Even these samples, which contained a salt concentration of 0.3 mol/L, showed higher turbidity and displacement points of pH_Ø1 and pH_Ø2. The zeta potential and particle size values were used to study the influence of the pH, ionic strength and temperature on the interaction between the biopolymers. It was observed that the formation of macromolecules occurred between the isoelectric point of the protein (8.0) and the pKa of the polysaccharide (2.0), and a certain salt concentration (0.25 mol/L) led to larger particle sizes. It was observed that, at pH 7.0, a concentration of 0.1% gum arabic was able to stabilize the denaturation of the protein in solutions containing 0.1% lactoferrin, resulting in a constant particle size at all temperatures studied.     

硫硅酸钙-硫铝酸盐水泥研究进展

硫铝酸盐水泥具有煅烧温度低、CO₂排放少、快硬早强以及抗冻抗渗等优良特性,在建材、固废领域具有广阔的应用前景,并衍生出贝利特-硫铝酸钙、贝利特-硫铝酸钡钙等一系列硫铝酸盐水泥。然而,硫铝酸盐水泥主要矿物成分贝利特(β-C₂S)具有水化活性低、水化速度慢的缺点,易导致水泥后期强度增长缓慢。硫硅酸钙(C₅S₂$\bar{\text{S}}$)曾被认为是一种“惰性”矿物,但在硫铝酸盐体系下可表现出比β-C₂S更强的水化活性,因此硫硅酸钙-硫铝酸盐水泥(TSAC)的研究具有重要意义。本文从C₅S₂$\bar{\text{S}}$矿物的形成和水化、TSAC的制备和性能等方面,综述了C₅S₂$\bar{\text{S}}$和TSAC的研究现状,并提出了TSAC需进一步研究和解决的问题,如固废原料探寻、TSAC性能调控以及TSAC熟料矿物组成优化等,以期为新型低碳水泥的研究和应用提供积极有利的参考和支持。     

张弦式钢竹组合工字形梁的短期受弯性能

为研究张弦式钢竹组合工字形梁的受弯性能,以预应力水平、张弦及加载方式为基本参数,设计制作了12根张弦式钢竹组合工字形梁进行受弯试验,观察分析了加载过程中组合梁的试验现象、破坏特征,探究了各参数对组合梁承载能力、应变分布、变形性能等的影响规律,并推导得出了张弦式组合梁承载力的近似计算公式。结果表明:张弦式组合梁的整体性能优良、组合效应突出,具有良好的变形性能及承载能力;张弦试件的破坏形态主要为翼缘竹材撕裂、局部钢材屈曲等破坏;施加预应力及提高预应力水平能有效增加组合梁的变形性能,以及在相同挠度控制条件下的承载能力,且采用二点张弦布置预应力筋时可获得更好的效果;张弦式组合梁跨中截面应变分布符合平截面假定,且随着预应力水平提高而中性轴下移;最后,基于理论计算得出的承载力与试验值较为接近且相对保守,近似计算公式具有较好的适用性。     

On the preparation of a monoclinic (nearly) single crystal of zeolite HZSM-5

HZSM-5 appears to be ferroelastic. Application of a uniaxial mechanical stress during the orthorhombic/monoclinic transition of zeoltie HZSM-5 changes the population of the monoclinic twin domains. The volume fraction of one of the twin mates is changed from 0.5 (before application of mechanical stress) to 0.06 in the crystal studied.