Growth,mechanical properties,and tribological performance of TiAlN/NbN and NbN/TiAlN bilayer coatings

Three different coatings, namely TiAlN, TiAlN (external)/NbN (internal) and NbN (external)/TiAlN (internal), were deposited on cemented carbides by arc ion plating. The comparative investigation conducted in this study elucidates the effect of the NbN layer and coating systems on the growth, mechanical properties, and tribological performance of the coatings. The results showed that the surface of the TiAlN and TiAlN/NbN coatings was smoother when TiAlN served as the external layer. The NbN/TiAlN coating, wherein NbN formed the external layer, had a much rougher but more symmetrical surface. With the introduction of the NbN layer, the increased micro stress induced a lower adhesion strength in the TiAlN/NbN and NbN/TiAlN coatings. The TiAlN/NbN and NbN/TiAlN coatings exhibited higher hardness and hardness/effective elastic modulus (H/E*). During the friction test, when the temperature was elevated to 700 °C, the tribological performance of the monolayer TiAlN coating was the lowest because of the TiO₂-induced breakage of the dense tribo-oxide film. The NbN layer participated in the formation of a NbO_x film at elevated temperatures, which was responsible for the high tribological performance of the two bilayer coatings. When the NbN layer was on the outermost layer and in direct contact with the elevated temperature atmosphere, the NbN/TiAlN coating generated a tribo-oxide film with high integrity, and its coefficient of friction decreased by 27% of that at room temperature. Therefore, the NbN/TiAlN coating exhibited the highest wear resistance at 700 °C.     

Influence of SiO2 and CaO additions on the microstructure and magnetic properties of sintered Sr-hexaferrite

The effect of simultaneous addition of CaO and SiO₂ on the microstructure and magnetic properties of sintered SrO-excess Sr-hexaferrites was studied. Both additives markedly affect the grain growth behavior and the magnetic properties. CaO-additions promote densification, which results in increased remanence, but due to simultaneuous grain growth the coercivity drops to <100 kA/m. SiO₂ additions are known to suppress grain growth. Simultaneous addition of CaO and SiO₂ is shown to be very beneficial in tailoring a dense microstructure with relatively small grains. The ratio of CaO/SiO₂ was found to be optimum at about 1, and magnets with a remanence of 430 mT and a coercivity of 300 kA/m were obtained. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies and investigations by energy-dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDX) in the scanning TEM (STEM) mode show that both CaO and SiO₂ are concentrated at grain boundaries and grain junctions forming an amorphous secondary phase.     

Noble metal water gas shift catalysis: Kinetics study and reactor design

Based on the water gas shift (WGS) catalytic mechanism on precious metal catalyst, a Langmuir–Hinshelwood (LH) kinetics model was derived for the operating conditions of syngas from natural gas reforming at near-ambient pressure. A power law kinetics model was also presented for comparative purpose. These two kinetics models were integrated in a dynamic distributed reactor model for design of full-scale WGS reactors for a natural gas fuel processing system. Modeling results indicated that the LH kinetics model gives predictions of reactor performance closer to the experimental data. Using the LH kinetics model, optimization of operating conditions for the high-temperature shift (HTS) and low-temperature shift (LTS) reactors was also attempted.     

利用开源系统优化数字图书馆的高级应用

在信息急剧膨胀的今天,中国图书馆界已跨入数字图书馆阶段,但图书馆的技术力量相对薄弱,其服务手段和技术仍不能满足需要速成服务的读者,数字图书馆不能仅仅以搜索框的形式被动出现,图书馆人必须改善条件,应用新的技术来应对新的需求。本文将介绍一种技术:Drupal,并在此基础上优化数字图书馆的高级应用。     

基于BP网络模型的水合肼合成收率预测及参数优杞

采用BP算法建立了水合肼合成收率的神经网络模型，所建网络有良好的回想和泛化性能，对水合肼合成收率预测的平均相对误差小于0．5％。运用网络模型考察了反应温度、物料配比、次氯酸钠流量等操作参数对水合肼合成收率的影响，同时确定了获得较高合成收率时各操作参数的优化值。     

种模拟电路参数型故障诊断新方法

模拟电路参数型故障诊断一直是电路与系统无法回避的难题。该文基于被测电路主输出电压信号的时间序列值,建立了一种基于本征值和相位差的模拟电路参数型故障诊断模型。该模型利用故障电路的电压输出时间序列值获取电路的故障相位偏移信息,同时,该模型把电压时间序列变换成一个方阵,并求取该方阵的最大本征值。将故障相位偏移信息和故障最大本征值与通过前期仿真获得的每种器件相对应的无故障最大相位偏移和无故障最大本征值的变化趋势进行比较,实现故障定位和参数辨识。实测实验结果表明:该方法具有定位准确、计算效率高,所需测试点少、参数辨识精度高,易于工程实施等优点。     

化工类制图课程内容整合与考核改革探讨

结合化工类专业的特点,对工程制图基础知识进行整合,同时增加化工专业图纸的教学,并在计算机绘图部分增加对三维制图的介绍,整合以后的内容体系更加适合化工类专业的教与学。课程考核改革改变了以往试卷考核的单一模式,建立了阶段测试"打基础",过程考核"画好图",期末考核"读懂图"这一综合考核评价体系,使学生在掌握工程制图基础知识的同时对专业图纸有了更深层次的了解。通过几个学期的改革实践表明,学生绘图、读图、计算机制图的能力都有了明显的提高。     

虚拟样机协同设计并发控制策略研究 *

针对虚拟样机协同设计中数据量大、事务长、多层嵌套的问题 ,提出了一种基于事务语义的并发控制策略,阐述了并发控制机制中事务结构、事务提交、锁机制和冲突协调等关键性问题。根据数据要求生成复制事务,事务发生改变后 ,其他站点能够实时显示图形、实时读取数据。实例证明 ,基于事务语义的并发控制策略保证协同用户自由地操作共享资源 ,提高了并发控制的可靠性和数据的一致性。     

基于短时傅立叶技术的鸡蛋破损检测

声学技术是目前应用于鸡蛋破损检测中最具潜力的--N技术,它利用完整蛋和破损蛋在声脉冲响应上的差异性来对鸡蛋进行分级分类.本文所研究的系统中采用前置放大器和A/D转换芯片采集鸡蛋被敲击后发出的声音,对获得的时域信号进行频域分析.相比于传统的傅立叶分析,本文采用了时频分析技术,即利用短时傅立叶变换来分析鸡蛋响应信号,并建立了相应的分级分类模型.实验表明基于短时傅立叶技术的鸡蛋破损检测模型对破损鸡蛋具有很高的识别率,为实际生产过程中鸡蛋的无损检测提供了新的并且更有效的方法.