超临界干燥及煅烧对白炭黑性能的影响

以四氯化硅和水玻璃为原料制得凝胶或粉体。常规干燥粉体后再500℃煅烧处理后;或将凝胶和湿粉体进行乙醇超临界干燥得到产品。通过激光粒度仪、X射线衍射、红外光谱和测吸油值等手段对样品进行表征。结果表明:干燥方法对产品的粒径、吸油值和堆密度等性能有比较大的影响。乙醇超临界干燥凝胶得到的产品综合性能最好,吸油值为3.8 mL/g,堆密度为7.1 g/100 mL,白度为78.8%。     

2-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)-8-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-氧基)-3,4-二氢异喹啉-1(2H)-酮的合成

为了发现具有生物活性的新型分子结构,以具有除草活性的化合物结构为基础,根据类同合成法,以苯酚和3-氯丙酰氯为原料,通过酰化反应生成3-氯丙酸苯酯,后经环化、施密特重排及取代反应合成了化合物2-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)-8-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-氧基)-3,4-二氢异喹啉-1(2H)-酮,总收率为28.2%。化合物的分子结构经核磁共振波谱、质谱、元素分析及X射线单晶衍射进行了表征。     

四棱豆油脂、脂肪酸、蛋白质、氨基酸的分析

以4 个四棱豆品种的种子为材料,采用索式提取法、毛细管柱测定总脂肪含量及分析各脂肪酸含量;利用凯氏定氮法、全自动氨基酸分析仪测定蛋白质总量及各蛋白氨基酸组成。结果表明,四棱豆种子中油脂总量在20%～22%,主要含有28 种脂肪酸,油酸占单不饱和脂肪酸的90.7%;多不饱和脂肪酸主要为亚油酸、α - 亚麻酸和EPA;饱和脂肪酸平均含量为25.76%,主要为棕榈酸和硬脂酸。蛋白质总量在38% 左右,必需氨基酸含量丰富。     

五溪流域民族民间手工造物智慧导入当代的创新设计

目的 源于农耕时代的五溪流域民族民间传统手工造物文化,是集宗教信仰、物质生产、神话传说、艺术历史、艺术、哲学等为一体的五溪“知识宝库”。通过对五溪流域民族民间造物智慧与人的需求的关联性分析,梳理和推介其深厚的思想积淀和广泛的文化认同。方法 以生命精神哲学和“内生性”自觉为理论依据,导入五溪流域民族民间传统“艺术与手工艺”造物文化,构建五溪流域民族民间传统手工造物智慧应用于当代文创产品设计的路径。结论 融入当代文化多元知识体系,激发传统手工文化的精神活力,使民族民间传统手工艺术适应现代应用和审美需求,创造更高价值的文创产品,助推传统工艺复兴,实现民族民间文化艺术的数字化和现代化、商业化和产业化。     

怀化市卷烟市场需求时间序列分析

分析了2003~2006年怀化市卷烟市场的需求变化规律,采用时间序列分解模型对怀化市烟草公司历史销售数据进行了测算,发现怀化市卷烟市场需求的变化呈现明显的趋势特征、季节波动和周期性,预测得出该市场2007年各月卷烟需求量。      

一种健壮透明的数字音频DWT水印算法

提出了一种基于离散小波变换(DWT,DiscreteWaveletTransform)的健壮、透明的数字音频水印算法。把音频信号划分为若干个包含相同采样点的帧,每帧划分为若干个包含相同采样点的节。对每帧的前两节实施小波变换,对前两节精细分量的能量进行比较,根据能量比较及水印比特,结合HAS特性,采用不改变或缩小精细分量能量的方法,在精细分量中嵌入水印。结果证明,该算法具有较强的健壮性、较好的透明性,能盲水印检测,可抵抗常见的音频处理及攻击,如:重采样、添加噪声、低通滤波、重新量化、转换等。     

Theoretical calculations and experimental measurements of the structure of Ti5Si3 with interstitial additions

The equilibrium structural parameters, enthalpies of formation and partial densities of state for Ti₅Si₃ and Ti₅Si₃Z_0.5 (Z= B, C, N or O) were calculated based on first-principle techniques. Enthalpy of formation calculations suggest that of the known structures for transition metal (TM) silicide compounds containing TM₅Si₃ (D8₈, D8_l and D8_m) the D8₈ structure is the most stable form of Ti₅Si₃, and the stability of the structure increases as Z atoms are added. The theoretically determined structural trends as a function of interstitial element, Z, agreed well with experimentally determined values. Both indicate bonding between Ti and Z atoms based on contraction of Ti–Z separations. The calculated partial densities of state suggest that p(Si)–d(Ti) and d(Ti)-d(Ti) interactions are responsible for most of the bonding in pure Ti₅Si₃, which agrees with previous studies. As Z atoms are added, p(Z)–d(Ti) interactions become significant at the expense of weakening some of the d(Ti)–d(Ti) interactions.     

基于UHPLC-LTQ/Orbitrap MS法的苦荬菜内酯Z和11,13α-二氢苦荬菜内酯Z的大鼠肝微粒体体外代谢产物鉴定

苦荬菜内酯Z和11,13α-二氢苦荬菜内酯Z是苦碟子(Ixeris sonchifolia(Bunge)Hance)中2种重要的倍半萜内酯类成分。为研究它们在大鼠肝微粒体中的代谢产物,采用Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(2.1mm×50mm×1.7μm)分离,以0.1%甲酸水(A)-乙腈(B)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用高效液相色谱-线性离子阱静电轨道场质谱(UHPLC-LTQ/Orbitrap MS)技术,在ESI负离子模式下分析样品。筛选出18个化合物(包括苦荬菜内酯Z和11,13α-二氢苦荬菜内酯Z,及其16个代谢产物),并对其中15个代谢产物进行结构鉴定。结果表明,苦荬菜内酯Z和11,13α-二氢苦荬菜内酯Z经大鼠肝微粒体主要发生了羟基化、加氢和脱氢的Ⅰ相代谢反应。该结果初步阐明了苦荬菜内酯Z和11,13α-二氢苦荬菜内酯Z在大鼠肝微粒体中的代谢规律,可为新药、毒理学研究提供支持。     

Control of composition and size for Pd–Ni alloy nanowires electrodeposited on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite

In order to fabricate effective Pd–Ni alloy nanowire arrays with given compositions and size, the process of nucleation and growth and the dependence of alloy composition on deposition potential were investigated. The results reveal that the compositions and sizes of Pd–Ni alloy nanowires can be controlled within a desired range through adjusting suitable nucleation and growth potentials as well as the time. The Ni content in the alloy nanowires was found to vary from 6 to 28% when the deposition potential was changed from −0.3 to −1.9 V. A growth potential of −0.35 to − 0.50 V was applied to fabricate Pd–Ni alloy nanowires with 8–15% Ni content. Continuous and parallel nanowire arrays can be successfully fabricated when nucleation is performed at a potential of −1.2 V for 50 ms with further growth at −0.45 V for 800 s. Pd–Ni crystal phases exist in the alloy structure forms of 〈111〉, 〈200〉, 〈220〉, 〈311〉. The nanowires have an average diameter of 150 nm and a length of 100–450 μm.     

水生捕食线虫真菌季节性分布及多样性研究

从云南滇池附近的三块水稻田和三口鱼塘中分离到的捕食线虫真菌种类比较相似,但从鱼塘中分离到的捕食线虫真菌种类要比水稻田中的少,两个生境中的优势种也不同．水稻田中,春季和秋季的优势种为Arbrostrysconoides,夏季和冬季的优势种为A．oligospora,秋季的捕食线虫真菌种类最多,春季次之,夏季和冬季最少;鱼塘中,春季、夏季和冬季的优势种均为Dactylellinaellipsosporum,秋季的优势种为A．vet-micola．夏季的捕食线虫真菌种类最多,其他三个季节的捕食线虫真菌种类相差不大．从湖南湘江衡阳段的300份泥土样品中,共分离、鉴定出17种水生捕食线虫真菌,东洲岛和新大桥水域分离的水生捕食线虫真菌比李坳水域分离的种数少．