Recent advances in electrocatalysts for seawater splitting in hydrogen evolution reaction

Electrocatalytic water splitting is an important method to produce green and renewable hydrogen (H₂). One of the hindrances for wide applications of electrocatalysis in H₂ production is the lack of freshwater resources. Comparatively, seawater splitting has become an effective approach for large-scale H₂ production due to its abundant reserves. However, the increased complexity of seawater content emerged more problems in electrocatalytic seawater splitting. Recently, various strategies have been reported on improving the performance of electrocatalysts applied in seawater. Herein, this review firstly analyzed the mechanisms and challenges of electrocatalytic seawater splitting to evolve H₂, and summarized the recent progress on H₂ production in electrocatalytic seawater splitting. Furthermore, suggestions for future work have been provided for guidance.     

Mechanical properties of graphene films enhanced by homo-telechelic functionalized polymer fillers via π–π stacking interactions

Most researches on graphene/polymer composites are focusing on improving the mechanical and electrical properties of polymers at low graphene content instead of paying attention to constructing graphene’s macroscopic structures. In current study the homo-telechelic functionalized polyethylene glycols (FPEGs) were tailored with π-orbital-rich groups (namely phenyl, pyrene and di-pyrene) via esterification reactions, which enhanced the interaction between polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules and chemical reduced graphene oxide (RGO) sheets. The π–π stacking interactions between graphene sheets and π-orbital-rich groups endowed the composite films with enhanced tensile strength and tunable electrical conductivity. The formation of graphene network structure mediated by the FPEGs fillers via π–π stacking non-covalent interactions should account for the experimental results. The experimental investigations were also complemented with theoretical calculation using a density functional theory. Atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to monitor the step-wise preparation of graphene composite films.     

An interpretative structural modeling based network reconfiguration strategy for power systems

The network reconfiguration is an important stage of restoring a power system after a complete blackout or a local outage. Reasonable planning of the network reconfiguration procedure is essential for rapidly restoring the power system concerned. An approach for evaluating the importance of a line is first proposed based on the line contraction concept. Then, the interpretative structural modeling (ISM) is employed to analyze the relationship among the factors having impacts on the network reconfiguration. The security and speediness of restoring generating units are considered with priority, and a method is next proposed to select the generating unit to be restored by maximizing the restoration benefit with both the generation capacity of the restored generating unit and the importance of the line in the restoration path considered. Both the start-up sequence of generating units and the related restoration paths are optimized together in the proposed method, and in this way the shortcomings of separately solving these two issues in the existing methods are avoided. Finally, the New England 10-unit 39-bus power system and the Guangdong power system in South China are employed to demonstrate the basic features of the proposed method.     

高职院校顶岗实习监控与管理平台设计与实现

顶岗实习是高职院校教学计划的重要组成部分,顶岗实习周期一般为一年。传统的顶岗实习管理模式以填写纸质顶岗实习日志为主。根据高职院校对顶岗实习学生管理的需求,设计开发了基于Web的高职院校顶岗实习监控与管理平台,克服了地域和时间的限制。     

图像序列的预处理与目标检测技术综述

对图像预处理与运动目标检测中的几个关键技术进行了讨论,概述了其研究现状、存在的问题及研究方法,比较和评价了各种算法,并对运动目标检测的研究前景进行了展望。     

小议计算机综合考试系统设计与开发

自从八十年代以来,我国各种新型的计算机综合考试系统都得到了迅速的发展,通过自己开发和引进新技术等等方式方法,我国已经建立起了很多种新型的计算机综合考试系统,其中,有一部分的系统能都已经接近或者达到了国际先进的水平,计算机综合考试系统已经成为了考试产品一项十分重要的功能,并且关系到了计算机使用的价值、使用的条件以及使用的寿命等等,对人们工作生活、生产生活的质量产生了影响,对于保证我国计算机综合考试系统质量一直都具有十分重要的地位。伴随着我国社会生活条件不断得到了改善,人们对自己生活的质量越来越重视。近些年来,伴随着我国的社会科技不断发展,人们已经越来越重视自身生活的质量,在计算机应用条件上面的要求也越来越高。本文中,笔者就对计算机综合考试系统设计与开发进行浅谈。     

改进的形态学运算在声纳图像生成中的应用

声纳技术应用日益广泛,已成为海洋测量的重要工具,而去除噪声处理是对声纳图像进行正确判读的前提,本文采用了改进的形态学算法减少声纳图像中噪声的影响,对图像进行预处理,采用Matlab图形图像处理工具对处理的算法进行仿真的方式,从而使处理效果达到最佳。     

淹没深度对三自由度波能浮子获能的影响

为明确浮子淹没深度对三自由度浮子装置获能的影响,提出漂浮式与淹没式两种浮子模型,计算并比较在不同淹没深度和波浪条件下浮子的获能特性。浮子模型具有纵荡、垂荡与纵摇3个运动自由度。浮子选用直立圆柱体浮子。淹没深度分别设置为其高度的0.5、1.0、1.5与2.0倍,质量相同。漂浮式浮子模型作为对照,基于线性势流理论与边界元方法,建立浮子水动力学模型,计算浮子水动力学参数及运动响应,并采用线性能量转换(power take-off, PTO)系统阻尼,计算并对比浮子在最优PTO阻尼下的平均输出功率,分析淹没深度对浮子获能的影响。研究结果表明,增大淹没深度可以减小浮子的波浪激励力和平均输出功率。对于三自由度浮子,漂浮浮子在低频波浪下获能特性较好,而具有较小淹没深度的浮子在高频波浪下性能更优。     

基于曲波变换和快速非局部均值的地震数据随机噪声压制

在常规的地震勘探中,由于受到激发、接收环境或仪器等因素影响,地震数据中会不可避免地混杂随机噪声,导致有效信号被淹没,从而无法被清晰识别,因此随机噪声的压制至关重要。本次研究提出一种改进曲波变换阈值去噪结合快速非局部均值去除地震随机噪声的方法:首先将循环平移和块状复数域阈值方法引入到曲波变换阈值去噪中,改进传统的曲波阈值去噪方法,得到最佳去噪结果;然后将去除的噪声利用快速非局部均值方法进行滤波,得到有效信号;最后将上述两步得到的数据相加得到最终的去噪结果。将该方法与曲波变换阈值方法、小波阈值方法及快速非局部均值算法的去噪结果进行比较,模型试验和实际地震数据去噪效果表明,该方法去噪结果的信噪比更高,信号保真度更高。因此本文方法压制随机噪声的效果更佳。     

基于改进YOLOv3算法的钢板缺陷检测

针对目前钢板缺陷检测精度和速度的不足,提出了一种改进的YOLOv3检测算法。首先使用小波-中值滤波处理缺陷图像,清除图像里的噪声使图像更平滑。然后在原有网络中的密集连接网络(Darknet-53)上增加一个尺度输出增强算法对小目标缺陷的识别能力。最后为了增强算法模型的准确性对算法原有的损失函数进行优化,得到改进版的YOLOv3算法模型。改进的算法在测试集上的mAP值可以达到64.31,比原有的YOLOv3网络提高了7.9,结果表明了改进算法在钢板缺陷上具有较好的检测效果。