Testing web applications

Traditional testing techniques are not adequate for web-based applications, since they miss their additional features such as their multi-tier nature, hyperlink-based structure, and event-driven feature. Limited work has been done on testing web applications. In this paper, we propose new techniques for white box testing of web applications developed in the .NET environment with emphasis on their event-driven feature. We extend recent work on modeling of web applications by enhancing previous dependence graphs and proposing an event-based dependence graph model. We apply data flow testing techniques to these dependence graphs and propose an event flow testing technique. Also, we present a few coverage testing approaches for web applications. Further, we propose mutation testing operators for evaluating the adequacy of web application tests.     

Silver nanocluster formation in silicate glass by single step ion-exchange

We report the formation of silver nanoclusters of average size ∼ 1.1 nm in a single step ion-exchanged silica glass. Silver clusters are formed in a glass during ion-exchange by fine-tuning the ion-exchange parameters such as salt composition, temperature and time. Such nanocluster formation during ion-exchange preserves the waveguiding properties of the ion-exchanged surface of the glass making them suitable for nonlinear waveguide device fabrication.     

Efficient use of route requests for loop-free on-demand routing in ad hoc networks

On-demand routing protocols flood a route request (RREQ) identified by a unique source-sequenced label (SSL) to build directed acyclic graphs (DAG) consisting of possible paths to destinations, and use reverse paths along such DAGs to send route replies from the destinations. We present the first framework that uses only the SSL of the RREQ to establish loop-free paths without requiring additional mechanisms or information, e.g., per destination-sequence numbers or source routing. We present the Labeled Successor Routing (LSR) protocol, which stores the SSL of the RREQ as a route request label (RRL) at the nodes that participated in the creation of the RREQ DAG. The RRLs allow the source of the RREQ to identify neighbors as loop-free successors to the destination, which reduces network-wide RREQ flooding. Simulations results for scenarios consisting of networks of 50 and 100 mobile nodes show that LSR performs comparably or better than the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol, the Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol, and the Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol.     

Modeling and simulation of drug delivery from a new type of biodegradable polymer micro-device

In this paper, modeling and simulation of a new type of controlled drug delivery micro-device based on biodegradable polymers is reported. The micro-device consists of micro-chambers arrays for drug storage to achieve linear release. The micro-chambers are fabricated with polyanhydrides (CPP-SA) using the UV-LIGA technology and the controlled release process are the combined results of the design of the micro-chambers and the biodegradable characteristics of the polymer. This type of drug delivery system has some unique advantages in controlled long-term drug delivery, such as larger loading volume than the matrices release systems, easier control for the release rate, etc. It is necessary to optimize the structure for the long-term and zero-order drug release. Based on the Monte Carlo erosion model, the drug release model is founded for the drug delivery system and using the new model, the drug release profiles from the delivery systems with different structures are simulated. The simulated results indicate that the effect of the drug delivery is dependent on the micro-structure of the delivery system and the simulated drug profiles of coaxial rings micro-cavity shape equal to zero-order released model approximatively. The simulated results are very important to the application research of the new biodegradable polymer micro-device.     

Experiments and simulations of the mechanical performance of repaired panels

Firstly, the compress experiment is undertaken to investigate the efficiency of repaired panels in this paper, and then modeling of the mechanical behavior of the repaired composite panel under compressive static load is conducted by using of the finite element method. The effect of geometric non-linearity on the stress–strain response is considered in the numeric analysis. Fatherly, the user material subroutine (UMAT) is integrated with the ABAQUS package with the geometric non-linearity effect for studying the damage initiation and its progression in the composite structure, and quadrilateral, linear, thick shell elements (S8R) are adopted. Finally, the predicted strain distribution, damage evolution and strength of the laminate are compared with the test results.     

Thermoelastic evaluation of composite laminates using digital imaging processing

The study of the variation of the curvature of non-symmetric composite laminates with temperature provides a measure of the magnitude of the thermal stresses and the mechanical behavior of the material with temperature. In the present work, an experimental method based on the pioneer use of a digital camera and image processing method is proposed to perform such measurements. Taking advantage of the method and by comparing experimental and CLT, extended-CLT and FEM simulation results, an evaluation of the residual stresses is described and an approach providing more precise determination of the residual thermal stresses in non-symmetric laminates is proposed.     

RAFNet: RGB-D attention feature fusion network for indoor semantic segmentation

Semantic segmentation based on the complementary information from RGB and depth images has recently gained great popularity, but due to the difference between RGB and depth maps, how to effectively use RGB-D information is still a problem. In this paper, we propose a novel RGB-D semantic segmentation network named RAFNet, which can selectively gather features from the RGB and depth information. Specifically, we construct an architecture with three parallel branches and propose several complementary attention modules. This structure enables a fusion branch and we add the Bi-directional Multi-step Propagation (BMP) strategy to it, which can not only retain the feature streams of the original RGB and depth branches but also fully utilize the feature flow of the fusion branch. There are three kinds of complementary attention modules that we have constructed. The RGB-D fusion module can effectively extract important features from the RGB and depth branch streams. The refinement module can reduce the loss of semantic information and the context aggregation module can help propagate and integrate information better. We train and evaluate our model on NYUDv2 and SUN-RGBD datasets, and prove that our model achieves state-of-the-art performances.     

Chebyshev polynomials for the numerical solution of fractal–fractional model of nonlinear Ginzburg–Landau equation

Engineering with Computers - This paper introduces a new version for the nonlinear Ginzburg–Landau equation derived from fractal–fractional derivatives and proposes a computational...