无伸缩缝混凝土防渗衬砌渠道跳仓浇筑施工技术

现浇混凝土防渗渠道普遍采用设置伸缩缝的方法防止混凝土产生裂缝,而伸缩缝的止水易因老化和长草等遭受破坏,导致渠道渗漏。针对上述弊端提出了无伸缩缝混凝土防渗衬砌渠道的隔板跳仓浇筑施工技术。经过在多个大中型灌区节水项目中推广应用,总结出该施工技术的操作步骤和技术要点,包括基面处理措施,浇筑方法,操作要点,浇筑,振捣、抹面等的质量要求及适用范围。多年的运行实践表明,该技术可明显节约投资、缩短工期、延长使用寿命、有效改善防渗效果,且施工简便、工程质量易于保证等。     

Creep behaviour and constitutive model of coal filled with gas

Coal exhibits different creep behaviours when filled with different amounts of gas. Creep tests of coal filled with 0 and 0.5 MPa gas were performed, and strain under different axial stress was compared.The three creep constitutive models which were analysed using the method fitting experimental data for determining which creep model can reflect the creep process of the test best. The results show that the deformation of coal filled with 0.5 MPa gas is more higher than that of coal filled with 0 MPa gas under the same axial stress. Gas plays a positive effect on the deformation of coal process and will accelerate creep process. And gas will reduce coal intensity and change coal creep properties.Compared with Nishihara Model and Extensional Nishihara Model, Burgers Model can reflect the three stages of creep process of coal filled with gas better. The research results can contribute to reveal coal and gas outburst mechanism.     

Multiple Venting Behavior of Inner Dust Explosions

Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves - Explosion venting experiments of corn starch are carried out in a small-scale container. With the help of a high-speed camera and a pressure sensor, an...     

考虑新能源不确定性的互联电网交换功率鲁棒优化模型

高比例新能源及其不确定性增加了多区域交流互联系统交换功率控制的难度,为保证区域间联络线传输功率的协调分布及其波动相对均衡,提出了一种考虑互联电网外特性的交换功率稳定控制模型。考虑互联系统自动发电控制(AGC)参与因子与联络线潮流分布的关联关系,推导并构建了互联系统AGC下的潮流模型。进而,以联络线功率波动幅值最小为目标函数,建立了基于鲁棒优化的区域交换功率稳定控制模型,并提出了一种基于松弛法的协同演化算法对该模型进行求解。以双IEEE 14节点和IEEE 118节点测试系统为例进行仿真分析,将无优化与鲁棒优化计算结果进行对比,结果表明鲁棒优化可以有效应对新能源随机出力的影响,对于外特性的稳定性具有明显改善效果,并验证了所提算法的有效性和实用性。     

分布式通风隔声罩的设计和效果研究

针对动力设备同时满足降噪和散热的需求,提出一种周期分布式结构的通风隔声罩。隔声罩的罩壁内嵌通风消声单元,声波衰减的同时,气流可顺利通过罩壁进行耗散。介绍了分布式通风隔声罩的设计,并对其隔声性能进行了理论计算。通过分布式通风隔声罩对三种不同设备的插入损失分别进行了实际测量和分析。研究结果表明,在通过频率以上,隔声罩插入损失的计算值和实测值吻合较好,分布式通风隔声罩在其通过频率以上具有良好的隔声效果。该分布式通风隔声罩的有效降噪频率可根据不同声源的频率特性进行专一设计,适用于各种需要通风散热的设备的隔声。     

应用型本科高校计算机专业教材建设若干问题的研究

本文讨论中国高等学校的分类体系和计算机应用型本科的培养目标,分析计算机应用型本科人才规格特征,讨论计算机应用型本科教材六大特征,指出教材编写工作中可能出现的各种问题及相应对策。     

电压无功综合控制装置调试仪的研发及改进

通过时电压无功综合控制装置(VQC)应用现状的分析，提出了研制VQC装置调试仪的必要性，详细论述了调试仪的设计原理，介绍了其使用效果并提出了改进方案。     

Water‐absorption characteristics of organic–inorganic composite superabsorbent polymers and its effect on summer maize root growth

Adding inorganic materials in SAPs to synthesize organic–inorganic composite superabsorbent polymers (OICSAPs) can effectively improve salt‐tolerance, gel strength, thermal stability, and water retention. However, most researches mainly focus on synthesizing process optimization and new multifunctional products, lacking reports on how ions affected water‐absorption characteristics and mechanism of OICSAPs and its influence on summer maize root growth. On the basis of these, we set up laboratory experiments and field cultivation experiment, using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and fractal theory to study the questions above. Results show that OICSAPs have better salt‐tolerance, while cations and concentration affected its water‐absorption characteristics significantly. With higher cation valence, larger ionic radius, and concentration, its water‐absorption rate reduced remarkably as Na⁺ < K⁺ < Mg²⁺ < Ca²⁺ < Fe²⁺ < Fe³⁺ < Al³⁺ < Cu²⁺, while the effects of anions could be neglected. The OICSAPs presented typical honeycomb membrane‐like 3D crosslinked network structure, but Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Al³⁺, and Cu²⁺ would damage the structure (Cu²⁺ with the most significant effect) in local microdomain, and changed the complexity of pores. In the experiment, higher concentration could reduce water‐absorption rate without changing micromorphological characteristics. Applying OICSAPs will reduce total length, surface area, and volume of summer maize root, while promoting absorbing and transmitting ability by larger root diameter and the proportion of root <0.5 cm. All these results will provide a theoretical basis on application, marketing, and product development of OICSAPs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Study on the nitrogen transformation during the primary pyrolysis of sewage sludge by Py-GC/MS and Py-FTIR

The nitrogen transformation with attention to the intermediates and NO_x precursors has been investigated during the primary pyrolysis of sewage sludge by using Pyrolyzer-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) and Pyrolyzer-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (Py-FTIR). A three-stage process of nitrogen transformation during the sewage sludge pyrolysis was suggested. The decomposition of labile protein and inorganic ammonium salt mainly occurred in the first stage (<300 °C), giving rise to a small amount of NH₃. In the second stage (300–600 °C), the macromolecular protein firstly cracked into small molecular amine compounds, and then went through deamination process, contributed to a large release of NH₃. In the third stage (600–900 °C), the amine compounds converted into nitriles, and generated a large amount of HCN, while the formation of NH₃ slowed down accordingly.     

锂离子电池火灾危险性及相关研究进展

概述锂离子电池的概念、特点和技术发展。总结国内外的典型锂离子电池火灾案例,在此基础上分析锂离子电池在使用、运输和回收领域存在的火灾危险,重点是车用锂离子电池的火灾危险。综述目前国际、国内开展锂离子电池消防安全研究的主要机构、研究工作的基本情况、重点方向和阶段进展。