High strength and high modulus carbon fibers

Carbon fibers have been processed from gel spun polyacrylonitrile copolymer on a continuous carbonization line at Georgia Tech (GT) with a tensile strength in the range of 5.5–5.8 GPa, and tensile modulus in the range of 354–375 GPa. This combination of strength and modulus is the highest for any continuous fiber reported to date, and the gel spinning route provides a pathway for further improvements in strength and modulus for mass production of carbon fibers. At short gauge length, fiber tensile strength was as high as 12.1 GPa, which is the highest value ever reported for a PAN based carbon fiber. Structure analysis shows random flaws of about 2 nm size, which results in limiting tensile strength of higher than 20 GPa. Inter-planar turbostratic graphite shear modulus in high strength carbon fibers is 30 GPa, while in graphite the corresponding value is only 4 GPa.     

Fractal characterization for the mining crack evolution process of overlying strata based on microseismic monitoring technology

In order to study the evolution laws during the development process of the coal face overburden rock mining-induced fissure,we studied the process of evolution of overburden rock mining-induced fissures and dynamically quantitatively described its fractal laws,based on the high-precision microseismic monitoring method and the nonlinear Fractal Geometry Theory.The results show that:the overburden rock mining-induced fissure fractal dimension experiences two periodic change processes with the coal face advance,namely a Small→ Big→ Small process,which tends to be stable;the functional relationship between the extraction step distance and the overburden rock mining-induced fissure fractal dimension is a cubic curve.The results suggest that the fractal dimension reflects the evolution characteristics of the overburden rock mining-induced fissure,which can be used as an evaluation index of the stability of the overburden rock strata,and it provides theoretical guidance for stability analysis of the overburden rock strata,goaf roof control and the support movements in the mining face.     

Support principles of NPR bolt/cable and control techniques of large-deformation disasters

Deep mining has been paid much more attention because of the depletion of shallow mining resources.Traditional bolts could be invalid to accommodate large displacement and deformation in geomaterials.Consequently, alternative support and reinforcement bolts need to be studied and their constitutive models also need to be developed to help understanding for the complex stress-strain responses of rock masses under loadings. The effect of Negative Poisson's Ratio(NPR) that is attributed to the swelling phenomenon along the lateral direction may appear in metal materials under tensional loadings. Thence NPR materials often have an advantage over NPR ones in mechanical behavior such as impact resistance, antishearing, and energy absorbed. From the characteristics of NPR materials, a series of bolt and cable supports with the effect of NPR and constant-resistance have been recently developed. We here firstly introduce the structural features of NPR support. Then the constitutive model of NPR support is presented and its corresponding equation of energy equilibrium. Its basic principle interacted on rock masses is further discussed. Finally, NPR cables are employed to support the slope of an open-pit mine. The applications show that NPR cables can ease failure within the slope and play an important role in predicting and providing early warning of slope failure, together with a monitoring system of slope stability.     

宏岩煤矿工作面上隅角瓦斯来源测定分析

工作面上隅角易于瓦斯积聚,影响工作面安全生产。根据宏岩煤矿4406工作面实际地质情况,运用理论分析,结合现场监测对工作面上隅角瓦斯来源进行了分析,研究表明,工作面上隅角瓦斯涌出量与工作面状态（动、静）、作业工序、顶板运动等因素有关。     

含火烧煤层露天矿边坡变形破裂过程FEPG模拟研究

露天矿开采过程中边坡变形破裂过程一直是岩土工程领域研究的难点,尤其考虑含火烧煤层露天矿开采过程中的边坡稳定使得研究问题更加复杂。采用FEPG数值模拟的研究方法,对露天矿某边坡KT3剖面进行了破裂过程分析,得到了含火烧煤层露天矿边坡变形破裂规律,研究结果表明,边坡火烧砂岩的顶部首先出现拉张裂缝,边坡以压剪破坏为主,压剪破坏又促使拉张破坏,二者相互影响,最终导致边坡发生失稳破坏。     

矿用产品安标现场评审前的注意事项

通过介绍安标现场评审的概念、流程、依据及准则,对安标评审13项准则和煤矿及非煤矿山生产企业需注意问题进行具体分析,使生产企业更深入的了解安标现场评审准则及评审前需注意的问题,做好充分的评审准备工作,从而顺利的通过安标现场评审。     

Grinding behaviour of coal in different size-reduction systems

It was found that it is easer to grind some coals in ball-race mills and others in tube mills. In this paper, simple laboratory methods are presented for evaluation of the grinding behavior of five coals in two different size-reduction operations. The tests proved that certain coals are better ground by impact than attrition and vice versa.     

水力压裂消突技术在低透气性煤层瓦斯治理的应用

为提高低透气性突出煤层瓦斯治理效果,基于水力压裂的低温、高压、瓦斯解吸快等特性,对低透气性煤层进行水力压裂消突增透试验。试验表明:压裂周围形成裂隙发育区,压裂区域抽采效果提升显著,煤层平均含水率增大1.8倍,单孔抽采浓度提高3.12倍,抽采率提高40%~50%。由于增加裂隙发育以及水驱气的双重作用下,抽采半径由原来的的3 m增加到20 m。水力压裂增透消突技术更加安全、高效。     

低变质煤种煤自燃过程中生成CO的氧化中间官能团分析

CO气体作为伴随煤自燃氧化整个过程的标志气体,对煤自燃发火的预报具有非常重要的作用,但低变质煤种正常条件就可大量生成CO气体,干扰了低变质煤层开采区域矿井煤自燃的预报工作。通过采集内蒙古平庄古山矿、神东矿区补连塔煤矿,陕西神木矿区大柳塔煤矿,宁夏灵武矿区枣泉矿,新疆大南湖矿区大南湖一矿5个典型矿井的煤样,经隔氧破碎处理后,利用隔氧程序升温和傅里叶光干涉实验,研究了5个矿区煤样隔氧升温过程中的CO产生规律;分析了有无隔氧升温过程煤样煤分子上的活性官能团种类;认为煤分子上的羰基(C=O)、羧基(-COOH)、醚(-O-CH3)等含碳氧基团是常温下低变质煤种CO气体的产生与有直接关系,即这些含碳-氧基团为低变质煤种常温下生成CO的氧化中间官能团。     

滚球半径法确定瓦斯抽放泵站放空管合理安置区域

为了确定瓦斯抽放泵站放空管合理安置区域。在滚球半径法推算原理的基础上,利用几何知识,使用AutoCAD绘图软件绘制瓦斯抽放泵站放空管合理安置区域,而非传统方法的若干公式计算。AutoCAD绘图软件作图的方法避免了《GB 50057-2010建筑物防雷设计规范》附录D中传统方法繁琐的计算。确定瓦斯抽放泵站放空管合理安置区域作图法直观、简单、清晰、明了,简化了瓦斯抽放泵站防雷设计工作。为科学合理确定瓦斯抽放泵站放空管位置提供了依据。