Transparent autonomization in CORBA

Increasingly, software systems are constructed by integrating and composing multiple existing applications. The resulting complexity increases the need for self-management of the system. However, adding autonomic behavior to composite systems is difficult, especially when the constituent components are heterogeneous and they were not originally designed to support such interactions. Moreover, entangling the code for self-management with the code for the business logic of the original applications may actually increase the complexity of the systems, counter to the desired goal. In this paper, we address autonomization of composite systems that use CORBA, one of the first widely used middleware platforms introduced more than 17 years ago that is still commonly used in numerous systems. We propose a model, called Adaptive CORBA Template (ACT), that enables autonomic behavior to be added to CORBA applications automatically and transparently, that is, without requiring any modifications to the code implementing the business logic of the original applications. To do so, ACT uses “generic” interceptors, which are added to CORBA applications at startup time and enable autonomic behavior to be introduced later at runtime. We have developed ACT/J, a prototype of ACT in Java. We describe a case study in which ACT/J is used to introduce three types of autonomic behavior (self-healing, self-optimization, and self-configuration) to a distributed surveillance application.     

Fault-tolerant measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution in a decoherence-free subspace

Two modified measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution protocols based on the decoherence-free subspace are presented in this study. The proposed protocols are tolerant of the fault with collective-rotation noise and collective-dephasing noise. Exploiting the logical qubits comprised by two pairs of entanglement photons in decoherence-free subspace states, the mutually unbiased bases are formed by introducing the spatial degrees of freedom which reduces the experiment difficulty. There are only Bell-state preparation and collective Bell-state measurement needed in our protocols. Moreover, a brief discussion on the security of the proposal in the communication process is given.     

基于车载原子干涉仪的野外流动重力测量

移动重力测量在计量学、地球科学及国防军事等领域有着广泛的应用需求。原子干涉重力仪在可移动高精度重力测量上具有良好的技术潜力,但目前仍很难兼具高集成度与高灵敏度。针对此问题,本文研制了一套基于原子干涉仪的车载重力测量系统,基于小型化、高度集成的仪器设计,实现了高精度的野外重力测量,室外测量灵敏度为■、测量重复性优于20μGal。在长10 km、高程变化100 m的野外测线上开展了单点调试时间小于5 min、有效测量时间小于15 min的快速重力测量,并与LG-1相对重力仪进行比对。在一般性的野外测试环境下,2种重力仪的测量残差小于100μGal,车载绝对重力仪自身测量残差小于15μGal。因此,该车载重力测量系统极大地提高了野外重力测量效率,方便运输、随停随测、测量准确,为可移动重力测量领域提供了可靠的技术解决方案。     

2D Layered Materials for Fast-Charging Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes

The development of electric vehicles has received worldwide attention in the background of reducing carbon emissions, wherein lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) become the primary energy supply systems. However, commercial graphite-based anodes in LIBs currently confront significant difficulty in enduring ultrahigh power input due to the slow Li⁺ transport rate and the low intercalation potential. This will, in turn, cause dramatic capacity decay and lithium plating. The 2D layered materials (2DLMs) recently emerge as new fast-charging anodes and hold huge promise for resolving the problems owing to the synergistic effect of a lower Li⁺ diffusion barrier, a proper Li⁺ intercalation potential, and a higher theoretical specific capacity with using them. In this review, the background and fundamentals of fast-charging for LIBs are first introduced. Then the research progress recently made for 2DLMs used for fast-charging anodes are elaborated and discussed. Some emerging research directions in this field with a short outlook on future studies are further discussed.     

Infrared metasurface-enabled compact polarization nanodevices

Infrared metasurface, especially that having a working range covering wavelengths from 0.75 to 25 μm, has been exploited as a revolutionary tool to manipulate the properties of electromagnetic waves owing to its potential applications in military and civilian fields. It owns the capacity to steer electromagnetic waves within subwavelength scale, with full degrees of freedom such as phase, amplitude and polarization, allowing the development of a number of planar meta-devices including the metalens, hologram, wave-plate and polarimeter. In particular, polarization, which determines the interaction of electromagnetic waves with matter, is important in almost every area of science. However, conventional materials for infrared polarization control inevitably introduce extra optical components and bulky configurations, hindering future miniaturization and integration. Moreover, compared with their short wavelength counterparts, polarization nanodevices in the infrared band and especially those in the long-wavelength infrared region have been far less explored due to the loss of material and immature fabrication techniques. Here, we review recent progress in the development of infrared metasurfaces in terms of generating, manipulating and detecting the polarization on standard and higher-order Poincaré spheres. The principles, typical strategies and emerging applications of these processes are introduced. We also discuss the challenges and outlook of future developments in this emerging field.     

Self-assembly of carbon nanotube films from room temperature ionic liquids

A novel method for the assembly of thin, uniform transparent and conductive films of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) on glass substrates is described. This process involves the initial transfer of a temporary suspension of SWCNTs in room temperature ionic liquid to the surface of water and the subsequent transfer of the SWCNT film onto a glass substrate. The average sheet resistance of the films was determined by four point probe measurements to be 1.52 and 4.13 kΩ/sq, with an average optical transparency of 50% and 63%, respectively.     

Enhancement of integrity of graphene transferred by interface energy modulation

We report on the systematic studies of the parameters governing the integrity of graphene film during general “wet” transfer from a thermodynamic point of view. We chose polystyrene (PS) as a test carrier material and attempted to use eight different solvents to find optimal conditions for the graphene transfer from a catalyst film to a desired substrate without defects. When parameterizing the conventional chemical properties of solvents, the boiling points and surface tension were found to be critical in determining the quality of the transferred graphene. During the formation step of a conformal PS film on a graphene surface before catalyst etching, a solvent with a boiling point over ∼140 °C was essential. During the following PS film removal step, a solvent with surface tension higher than approximately 29 dyn/cm led to the formation of a continuous graphene film without cracks and holes. In addition, a high spin-coating velocity and lower concentration of PS in the solvent enhanced the quality of a transferred graphene film. The UV treatment of Si/SiO₂ (100 nm) was also found to improve the adhesion of the graphene on substrates. By electrical characterization, morphological differences were found to affect the electrical properties markedly.     

用于原子干涉重力仪的隔振平台模型辨识及验证

负刚度隔振平台广泛应用于原子干涉重力仪等量子精密测量设备,其低频性能和环境自适应能力对设备性能影响较 大,为此本文对典型商用负刚度隔振平台进行了半主动改造,以进一步增强隔振平台综合性能。 首先从理论上对力-位移关系 做了简要分析,着重探讨了负刚度特性和承载能力的决定因素;然后建立并分析了系统运动模型,分别在时域和频域对模型参 数做了精准辨识,根据测试结果对半主动隔振做了仿真分析,并采用贝叶斯优化算法快速找到最优控制参数;最后在真实系统 上进一步验证了该方案,结果表明半主动隔振可将系统的低频共振峰衰减 357 倍,系统在低于 0. 3 Hz 和高于 8 Hz 的频段能起 到良好的隔振效果,超低频隔振性能有显著提升,文中所提方案可广泛应用于量子精密测量相关隔振设备。     

Inertial measurement using atom interferometer

The recent advances of atom interferometer and its application in precision inertial measurement are reviewed. The principle, characteristics and implementation of atom interferometer are introduced and it can be used to measure gravitational acceleration, gravity gradient and rotation for its high sensitivity. We also present the principle, structure and new progress of gravimeter, gravity gradiometer and gyroscope based on atom interferometer.