碾压混凝土坝应力场有限元及施工仿真分析

采用三维有限元法对某碾压混凝土坝(RCC)在施工导流期的应力场进行分析,着重校核了顶部未到设计龄期的碾压混凝土和大型导流底孔周边的应力分布;并初步探讨了在多因素影响情况下,从开始施工到蓄水运行的坝体温度场、应力场的全过程仿真分析方法。     

硫酸盐含量对全固废材料固化盐渍土抗压强度的影响

为探讨硫酸盐含量对全固废材料固化盐渍土抗压强度及微观结构的影响,采用击实试验和无侧限抗压强度试验,并结合扫描电镜、EDS、X射线衍射和热重分析等微观测试结果,从固化盐渍土的火山灰反应产物及其数量等角度分析含盐量对固化盐渍土抗压强度变化的影响。结果表明:硫酸盐含量低于2.7%时,固化盐渍土抗压强度随含盐量的增加呈先增大后减小,抗压强度峰值对应的含盐量为1.8%;固化盐渍土的火山灰反应产物主要为C-S-H和AFt,硫酸盐含量从0.3%增至1.8%时,反应产物明显增多,致使固化土抗压强度增大;但当硫酸盐含量从1.8%增至2.7%时,膨胀性AFt将试件内部孔隙完全填充并产生胀裂破坏,造成抗压强度降低。研究成果为全固废材料固化硫酸盐渍土的工程应用奠定了基础,对环境保护也有积极贡献。     

不同养护方式对水泥-锂渣浆体水化程度影响

为了分析水泥-锂渣浆体的水化程度, 采用高温煅烧法测试各龄期的化学结合水, 结果发现:水泥-锂渣浆体的化学结合水量随龄期的延长而增加, 水化3 d和7 d时能达到水化90 d时的60%和80%。高温养护、碱激发、高温和碱激发均能提高锂渣复合水泥基材料早期的化学结合水量, 最高可达3~4倍, 提高的幅度依次为碱激发和高温养护＞碱激发＞高温养护＞标准养护。高温和复合环境养护也能提高水泥的水化程度, 1~28 d内, 锂渣掺量在40%以内时, 水泥水化程度相对指数(ψ值)均大于1;掺量为60%时, ψ值均小于1。综上, 高温养护、碱激发、高温和碱激发均能提高锂渣和水泥的水化程度, 高温和碱激发复合作用时较为显著。     

Safety-based availability assessment at design stage

The availability of a system or equipment is one of the crucial characteristics that measures the customer satisfaction and strongly influences his final choice decision between concurrent products. The aim of this work is to provide an approach to improve the products availability assessment by taking into account the safety criteria by considering the use situations at design stage. Our work focuses on the routine design of complex products. The availability is often simply estimated considering reliability and maintainability. Basically, the intrinsic availability is the probability that it is operating satisfactorily at any point in time when used under conditions stated by design specifications. The time considered includes operating time and active repair time. Thus, intrinsic availability excludes from consideration all other times in the product lifecycle such as: accident management time, storage time, administrative time or logistic time. But many studies show that the loss of availability performance is also due to accidents that occur in different unforeseeable utilization situations. This engenders stops of the system to ensure the users safety according to standards recommendations. In this purpose, we consider the structural product architecture and the different use cases that correspond to the operational states and downtimes due to stop events that may happen during the utilization like failures, maintenance tasks and accidents. Then, we propose a product behavioral analysis including the use cases to describe interactions between the product and users or maintenance operators. We use Markov chains to model the use cases corresponding to operating time (OT), maintenance time (MT) and preparing time after accidents (RT). Then these three parameters are considered to specify a generic approach to improve the availability assessment. Such an approach provides the traceability of the product behavior along its lifecycle. In this way, the main causes of stop can be identified and this may guide the designer for improving the availability of the product future versions. To validate our approach, an application is presented considering a printing line. The comparison of our simulation considering an industrial case study shows a good agreement about the influence of safety on the availability.     

氟吗啉对非洲爪蟾胚胎发育的影响

简述了FETAX(Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay—Xenopus)试验的发展,并以非洲爪蟾(Xenopus laevis)处于8～11阶段的胚胎为试验材料,对杀菌剂氟吗啉进行了发育毒性的研究,通过对受试胚胎96h死亡数、半数致死浓度[LC50(96h)]、半数效应浓度[EC50(96h)]、致畸类型的统计,得出LC50(96h)值为83.15mg/L,EC50(96h)值为76.65mg/L,TI(LC50/EC50)为1.01≤1.5。结果表明,氟吗啉对非洲爪蟾的胚胎发育不具有致畸影响,但表现出一定的发育毒性。在氟吗啉质量浓度大于20mg/L时,可明显的抑制胚胎的孵化和体长生长的发育,表现的中毒症状有脊索弯曲、弯尾、眼部畸形、腹部水肿等。     

水泥填料对心墙沥青混凝土长期水稳定性的影响

以优选的心墙沥青混凝土配合比为基础,分别采用质量分数为12%的石灰石粉、6%水泥+6%石灰石粉、12%水泥作为填料配制沥青混凝土试件,研究水泥填料对采用天然砾石骨料的心墙沥青混凝土长期水稳定性的影响。试验结果表明:采用12%石灰石粉为填料的沥青混凝土水稳定系数随浸水时间的延长而不断减小,且在浸水75 h后水稳定系数降至0.88,已不满足心墙沥青混凝土水稳定系数大于或等于0.90的要求;采用12%水泥、6%水泥+6%石灰石粉为填料的沥青混凝土水稳定系数随浸水时间的延长先增大后减小,且在浸水375 h后达到最大,分别为1.02和0.98,在浸水1 500 h后水稳定系数仍然能够满足规范要求;用水泥替代部分石灰石粉作填料也可有效改善心墙沥青混凝土的长期水稳定性。     

基于AJAX技术创建的异步方法应用研究

遵循AJAX技术的基本原理,创建了一个简单的异步引用方法,并给出登录实例来说明如何实现该方法的引用,减少代码冗余。主要阐述了通过创建方法,并引用方法到不同Web应用程序中,实现了代码的优化。     

六种药剂防治向日葵白锈病试验研究

六种药剂防治向日葵白锈病田间药效试验结果表明,25%甲霜灵WP1000倍、50%安克WG2500倍的防效分别为87.6%和86.8%,显著优于64%杀毒矾WP800倍(防效75.7%),而52.5%抑快净WG1000倍、72%霜疫必克WP600倍和80%乙磷铝WP600倍的防效相当,不理想,均未达到50%。经方差分析证明处理间差异达到显著水平。     

新疆农产品质量安全发展现状与对策

农产品质量安全直接关系到消费者的生存、生活和健康,越来越受到人们的普遍关注.主要分析了新疆农产品质量安全发展现状,并有针对性地提出了发展对策,要完善农产品质量安全监督管理法规体系、加快农业标准体系建设、依法开展农产品质量安全检验检测等.     

奎屯河流域健康评价

以新疆典型的干旱内陆河流域--奎屯河流域为研究对象,在确定流域健康评价时空尺度的基础上,提出涵盖流域水资源健康、涉水生态环境健康、社会经济健康的评价指标体系,构建基于组合赋权与协调发展度的流域健康评价模型。结果表明:现状年(2015年)处于亚健康状态的分区有:子区1、子区2、子区3、子区6,综合评价指数分别为:0.419、0.404、0.408、0.401,协调发展类型为临界协调发展;处于不健康状态的分区有:子区4和子区5,综合评价指数为0.358和0.343,协调发展类型属于中度不协调衰退型。