工业设计系列讲座——(二)设计思维与创造技法

一、设计理性与特点的思索 历史证明:人类文明的源泉是创造;人类生活的本质是创造。而设计,本质上就是创造性的思维与活动。 设计从广义上讲,说法不一,定义颇多,如: 1.设计是一种针对目标的问题求解活动;     

一种改进的数字测井最优化解释方法

本文针对GLOBAL测井解释方法Incoherence函数所可能出现的非凸性.对数字测井最优化解释方法进行了改进,提出一种新的模型.试算结果表明,新方法除了求解上的明显效果外,还能够提供有关优选测井系列和响应方程以及定量评价求解结果的辅助信息:数据分辨矩阵、模型分辨矩阵、解的协方差矩阵和求解结果的置信范围.     

一种改进的松弛算法

本文从建立松弛(RELAX)算法所对应的多维非线性优化问题出发,对松弛算法和最大似然(ML)算法进行了多方面的比较.基于这些讨论,提出了改进的RELAX算法。     

无标X射线定量相分析方法改进及γ″与δ相变研究

经择优取向校正、回归求解Ｋ值及抛弃平均处理,能显著减小无标Ｘ射线衍射相分析的误差。对合成样品及ＧＨ１６９合金中γ″及δ相变测定表明,其准确度与有标样法相当,相对误差≤６％。     

Solving SAT by Algorithm Transform of Wu s Method

Recently algorithms for solving propositional satisfiability problem, or SAT,have aroused great interest,and more attention has been paid to transformation problem solving.The commonly used transformation is representation transform,but since its intermediate computing procedure is a black box from the viewpoint of the original problem,this approach has many limitations.In this paper,a new approach called algorithm transform is proposed and applied to solving SAT by Wu‘s method,a general algorithm for solving polynomial equations.B y establishing the correspondence between the primitive operation in Wu‘s method and clause resolution is SAT,it is shown that Wu‘s method,when used for solving SAT,,is primarily a restricted clause resolution procedure.While Wu‘s method introduces entirely new concepts.e.g.characteristic set of clauses,to resolution procedure,the complexity result of resolution procedure suggests an exponential lower bound to Wu‘s method for solving general polynomial equations.Moreover,this algorithm transform can help achieve a more efficient implementation of Wu‘s method since it can avoid the complex manipulation of polynomials and can make the best use of domain specific knowledge.     

优化计算的神经网络模型

优化计算的动态求解器对于一些需要进行实时分析决策的场合具有很高的实用价值,利用神经网络进行这方面的研究已经引起了广泛的重视。本文介绍了目前国际上具有代表性的几种优化计算网络模型,以及它们的实现方法和存在的问题。     

Analyses of concrete microcosmic structure in multi-media environment

The structure of concrete generally serves in multi-media environments ; various environments act differently on concrete. The compound action of some severe environments will threaten the duration of concrete and decrease the service life of a concrete structure if improperly handled. In this paper the mierostrueture of concrete is observed by using Scanned Electric Microscope (SEM) through contrasting experiments in media of acid, alkali and salt with that of freezing-thawing in the same medium environment. This study is to supply a certain basis for changing traditional thinking of mechanical design and to combine construction reliability design with durability of concrete design.     

一种求解心电场逆问题的新方法用于心肌梗塞参数识别的研究

基于一种求解心电场逆问题的新方法,对心肌梗塞参数识别进行研究,仿真研究了心肌梗塞参数（部位和大小）与体表电位分布（Ｂｏｄｙ Ｓｕｒｆａｃｅ Ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ Ｍａｐｐｉｎｇｓ,ＢＳＰＭ）特征参数之间的关系。用ＤＳＰＭ中对梗塞部位和大小的敏感特性参数构造了优化系统的数学模型,试验结果表明,该研究方法可以有效地识别梗塞部位和大小,梗塞部位的识别精度为一个心肌分区,梗塞大小的识别精度可达８５％以上。     

结构动响应的并行算法

本文利用有限元矩阵列向存储时斜线上各元素可独立计算的性质及带宽方向可并行矩阵向量乘技术很好地处理了隐式并行求解动力响应问题。算例表明了该算法的有效性。     

多圆弧凸轮接触点位置的计算机辅助求解

提出了一种简单有效的多圆弧凸轮机构瞬时接触点位置的计算机辅助求解方法,它通过分析凸轮与从动件的瞬时接触公法线与圆弧区域界线之间的相对关系来判断任一瞬时凸轮与从动件的接触点的位置、接触点处的曲率半径和曲率中心的位置,据此,可对凸轮机构进行高副低代和运动分析。该方法对于直动、摆动、尖顶、滚子、平底从动件凸轮机构均适用。应用被建议的方法对含平底摆动从动件圆弧凸轮的多功能家用缝纫机送料机构进行了运动分析及动态仿真,验证了该方法的有效性。