连续重整再生器试运故障的排除

利用引进专利技术设计、制造、安装的连续重整装置的再生器具有内件复杂和安装精度高的特点，其安装检验和气密试验通过后，在催化剂流动循环试运行时出现了催化剂跑漏、压力降升高的故障。经过中外专家通力合作，在反应系统不停车的情况下，及时排除了故障，保证了催化重整装置一次试车投产成功。     

烷基化换热器的腐蚀失效分析和防护措施

通过对烷基化车间换热器腐蚀形貌、特征、产物、腐蚀介质、积垢、材料以及换热器流体特性的研究和分析,认为烷基化换热器的腐蚀失效主要由空泡腐蚀和湍流腐蚀引起,并提出了4项防腐蚀措施.经现场应用证明:改变设计或安排辅助管可以有效地减缓冷却管与管板结合部位的严重腐蚀.     

城市加油站的防火与消防管理

介绍汽车加油站在防火设计与消防管理方面需注意的问题，主要包括站址选择、总平面布置、油罐设置、管线布置、卸油方式等方面，同时对加油站的日常操作与防火消防管理提出了要求。     

小型RFCO2激光器的电路保护

本文详细分析研究了小型射频CO2激光器经常出现的故障现象(过压、负载短路故障),并介绍了相应的保护措施,对实际工作有显着指导意义。     

我国车用汽油的发展概况及发展方向探讨

介绍了我国车用汽油的发展轨迹 ,通过与国外先进标准的对比分析了我国车用汽油存在的不足 .指出我国在加入WTO后 ,更应不断升级车用汽油质量标准 ,需要从标准制定、炼油技术等多方面追赶世界先进水平 ,积极研制生产清洁型无污染汽油 ,从根本上消除汽车尾气对环境的污染 .     

Effective lightning protection schemes for distribution line

The causes of lightning outage are subdivided into direct lightning strokes and induced lightning strokes, which are identified by the characteristics of the lightning overvoltage. In the past, lightning protection devices were directed mainly toward the latter, and attention has been focused on the installation of lightning protection devices, ground wires, and reinforcement of insulators. However, lightning outages continue to occur. Thus it is extremely important to clarify the fault characteristics of lightning surges and to study the effectiveness of various lightning protection devices by considering both direct lightning stroke and induced lightning stroke in order to prevent lightning outage in the future. In this research, the electromagnetic transients program (EMTP) has been applied to the direct lightning stroke, and the induced lightning outage analysis program for multiple conductor systems has been applied to the induced lightning stroke to study the effectiveness of lightning protection devices provided by combination of various lightning protection devices. The most effective lightning protection schemes are analyzed and evaluated based on verification tests on the full scale models as well as economic considerations.     

智能压力传感器

讨论了压阻式智能传感器的设计,并以80C31单片机为核心构成了一个能检测压力、温度的智能传感器,它能实现量程的自动变换、故障的自诊断及数据的处理,通过软件实现了对半导体传感器的零点修正、非线性修正及温度补偿。实验表明,传感器的智能化改善了传感器的性能。     

一种考虑不同期合闸的行波合闸保护新方法

当线路末端故障时，行波在线路末端的反射情况比较复杂，反向电流行波的极性有可能与正向电流行波的极性相反，而此时测距结果又与线路无故障时相同。因此，会造成行波测距式与行波极性比较式合闸保护的不正确动作。根据行波的折、反射理论，分析出当线路无故障时正向电流行波仅在线路末端发生反射，且电流行波的反射系数为-1，而当线路存在故障时，正向电流行波将在故障点发生反射，无论故障是否在线路末端，电流行波的反射系数都不会是-1。根据这一特征，提出了一种新的行波合闸保护方法。从原理上保证了在各种情况下保护都可以正确动作，大量的电磁暂态仿真结果也证明了这一点。     

A novel dynamic survivable routing in WDM optical networks with/without sparse wavelength conversion

In this paper, we study the dynamic survivable routing problem, both in optical networks without wavelength conversion and in optical networks with sparse wavelength conversion, and propose a novel hybrid algorithm for it based on the combination of mobile agents technique and genetic algorithms (GA). By keeping a suitable number of mobile agents in the network to cooperatively explore the network states and continuously report cycles (that are formed by two disjoint-link routes) into the routing tables, our new hybrid algorithm can promptly determine the first population of cycles for a new request based on the routing table of its source node, without the time consuming process associated with current GA-based lightpath protection schemes. We further improve the performance of our algorithm by introducing a more advanced fitness function that is suitable for both the above networks. Extensive simulation studies on the ns-2 network simulator show that our hybrid algorithm achieves a significantly lower blocking probability than the conventional survivable routing algorithms for all the cases we studied.