电力线通信技术的应用研究

分析了电力线通信技术(PLC)的特点和技术要素,详细论述了广东工业实训中心大楼的PLC解决方案.最后通过对实际应用效果的总结,指出了电力线通信在我国的应用前景.     

Least squares decoding in binomial frequency division multiplexing

This paper proposes a method that can reduce the complexity of a system matrix by analyzing the characteristics of a pseudoinverse matrix to receive a binomial frequency division multiplexing (BFDM) signal and decode it using the least squares (LS) method. The system matrix of BFDM can be expressed as a band matrix, and as this matrix contains many zeros, its amount of calculation when generating a transmission signal is quite small. The LS solution can be obtained by multiplying the received signal by the pseudoinverse matrix of the system matrix. The singular value decomposition of the system matrix indicates that the pseudoinverse matrix is a band matrix. The signal-to-interference ratio is obtained from their eigenvalues. Meanwhile, entries that do not contribute to signal generation are erased to enhance calculation efficiency. We decode the received signal using the pseudoinverse matrix and the removed pseudoinverse matrix to obtain the bit error rate performance and to analyze the difference.     

Bi-directional LSTM based channel estimation in 5G massive MIMO OFDM systems over TDL-C model with Rayleigh fading distribution

In this work, a deep learning (DL)-based massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system is investigated over the tapped delay line type C (TDL-C) model with a Rayleigh fading distribution at frequencies ranging from 0.5 to 100 GHz. The proposed bi-directional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) channel state information (CSI) estimator uses online learning during training and offline learning during the practical implementation phase. The design of the estimator takes into account situations in which prior knowledge of channel statistics is limited and targets excellent performance, even with limited pilot symbols (PS). Three separate loss functions (mean square logarithmic error [MSLE], Huber, and Kullback–Leibler Distance [KLD]) are assessed in three classification layers. The symbol error rate (SER) and outage probability performance of the proposed estimator are evaluated using a number of optimization techniques, such as stochastic gradient descent (SGD), momentum, and the adaptive gradient (AdaGrad) algorithm. The Bi-LSTM-based CSI estimator is trained considering a specific number of PS. It can be readily seen that by incorporating a cyclic prefix (CP), the system becomes more resilient to channel impairments, resulting in a lower SER. Simulations show that the SGD optimization approach and Huber loss function-trained Bi-LSTM-based CSI estimator have the lowest SER and very high estimation accuracy. By using deep neural networks (DNNs), the Bi-LSTM method for CSI estimation achieves a superior channel capacity (in bps/Hz) at 10 dB than long short-term memory (LSTM) and other conventional CSI estimators, such as minimum mean square error (MMSE) and least squares (LS). The simulation results validate the analytical results in the study.     

电力线信道模型下OFDM通信系统的Simulink仿真研究

电力线通信技术是具有良好发展前景的一种宽带接入方式,但是噪声干扰严重,通信环境恶劣,正交频分复用是解决电力线通信问题的有效方法。文章运用Simulink建立了基于时间流的电力线通信信道模型和OFDM基带通信模型。通过对电力线信道模型下的采用OFDM的通信系统模型进行仿真验证,结果表明可以通过适当的编码和调制方式来提高系统的可靠性,并定性地分析了编码和误码率、调制方式和误码率之间的关系。     

Linearly time-varying channel estimation and training power allocation for OFDM/MIMO systems using superimposed training

We address the problem of estimating the linearly time-varying (LTV) channel of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)/multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems using superimposed training (ST).The LTV channel is modeled by truncated discrete Fourier bases.Based on this model,a two-step approach is adopted to estimate the LTV channel over multiple OFDM symbols.We also present performance analysis of the channel estimation and derive a closed-form expression for the channel estimation variance...     

基于FPGA的OFDM发射机设计

OFDM技术已经成为未来无线通信的关键技术,其发射机必须具有强大的计算能力,因此使用FPGA来完成OFDM发射机设计已成大势所趋。对整个OFDM系统参数和帧结构进行全面设计的基础上,用FPGA芯片具体实现。采用数字时钟管理器,乒乓RAM等方式提高系统运行的可靠性,并选用最优的IP核参数来减少硬件资源的占用。测试结果表明该方案占用芯片资源较少,速度较快,可靠性较高,具有广阔的应用前景。     

Iterative decision feedback equalizer with cyclic detection for DFT-S OFDM system

One of the most challenging problems in high-data-rate wireless transmission is to reduce inter-symbol interference (ISI) resulted from the time dispersion caused by multi-path propagation. To solve this problem, equalization is introduced. Generally, efficient decision feedback equalizer (DFE) holds better performance than linear equalizer for the cancellation of ISI without noise enhancement. However, its inherent error propagation has some limitation for further improvement. In fact, as shown later in simulation results, conventional frequency domain DFE (FD-DFE) almost cannot be used in Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (DFT-S OFDM) system in Evolved-UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) uplink transmission [3GPP, TR 25.814 V1.2.3. Physical layer aspects for evolved UTRA. May 2006 [release 7]]. Unique word (UW) is proposed in the literatures, as a known symbol sequence, can make error propagation beyond one FFT-block impossible since the last symbols of every block are always decided correctly. But the UW-based scheme is not appropriate for DFT-S OFDM, so it must be modified. This paper proposes a simple DFE-based equalization algorithm for DFT-S OFDM. Through cyclic detection and iteration, the new algorithm obtains a noticeable gain than conventional DFE, and is almost as effective as the modified UW-based methods but with much higher bandwidth efficiency. Furthermore, it does not need to change the frame structure of existing protocol.     

Analysis and performance evaluation of a pilot-aided interpolated channel estimator for OFDM systems

In this paper, we propose a novel pilot-aided channel estimator through interpolation for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems that replaces part of the virtual subcarriers with pilot subcarriers (pilots) reducing the interpolation error while keeping the code rate stable. A novel thorough analysis of the Mean Square Error (MSE) of the proposed estimator is given for the general case where data subcarriers are positioned before the first and after the last pilot. Simulations show the improvement of the proposed scheme in MSE and Bit Error Rate (BER) when applied to a practical OFDM wireless local area network type of system with realistic channel conditions.     

Nonlinear L2-by-3 transform for PAPR reduction in OFDM systems

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), the multicarrier modulation technique with high bandwidth efficiency and robustness against multipath fading, is used in several high-speed broadband communication systems including digital video broadcasting (DVB), digital audio broadcasting (DAB), asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL), wireless local area network (WLAN IEEE 802.11a,g), high performance radio local area network (HIPERLAN 2), and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX IEEE 802.16). However, the transmit signal in OFDM system has a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), one of the major drawbacks of multicarrier transmission, and therefore high dynamic range is required in both the digital to analog converter (DAC) and the power amplifier (PA) for proper operation. Otherwise, the nonlinearities of PA cause out-of-band distortion and increase in bit error rate (BER). Therefore, the reduction in PAPR in OFDM system is desirable in order to obtain power efficiency and increase BER performance. In this paper, a new parametric PAPR reduction technique, L₂-by-3 transform from sliding norm transform (SNT) family is proposed. Based on its parameter, a significant PAPR reduction is obtained. This paper presents the analysis of power saving and computational complexity of the proposed method L₂-by-3 and comparison to two other methods; selected mapping and partial transmit sequence.     

MIMO-OFDM系统抗干扰信道估计算法

提出一种抗干扰信道估计(AICE)算法用于解决MIMO-OFDM系统信道估计问题。该算法在接收端通过对收到的累加信号进行分解,得到来自不同发射天线的信号,通过消除符号间干扰与子载波间干扰及采用期望值最大迭代算法进行信道估计来减小估计误差,提高信道估计的准确性。与ICE算法的性能比较证明了AICE算法在瑞利衰落信道下具有更好的信道估计均方误差及误比特率性能。