Landscapes of Challenge and Change: Contested Views of the Cairngorms National Park

The Scottish model of national parks reflects wider changes in the management of special or protected landscapes. This paper uses Ingold's dwelling conceptualisation of landscape to reflect on how material and cultural processes affect stakeholders' perceptions of the Cairngorms National Park in Scotland, UK. Important to understanding different views, is the separation, unique to the Cairngorms, of ‘the park’ from its management organisation. The paper argues that this separation creates a conceptual space for the negotiation of contested claims regarding the park. Such claims reflect not only the relationship between people and place, or as Ingold (2000) puts it, the landscape as it is known to those who dwell in it; they also represent vested interests and regimes of power concerning what happens in specific places. These claims do not reproduce simple splits between, for example, public/private or conservation/development but show a more complex picture.     

The Trees of the Sacred Natural Sites of Zagori,NW Greece

Cultural landscapes can often be identified by the presence of sacred trees which have been retained and can be recognised as distinctive veteran trees. The characteristics of these trees such as huge size and longevity give them an enduring presence in the landscape, while their conceptualisation as the ‘domesticated’ wild, transform them into symbols of spirituality and local history. In Zagori, NW Greece, trees gain sanctity by virtue of proximity or connection with sacred sites often associated with churches. In these sites, trees can grow into natural shapes as a result of strong taboos, which prevent use for private needs. There is an association between tree species and the nature of the sacred site: broadleaved oaks and maples are associated with outlying churches; plane trees are located in central squares, next to the church and provide a focal point for community life, while in cemeteries native evergreens are nowadays replaced by planted conifers. In the present day local communities appreciate sacred trees as living elements of their collective memory and local history.     

城市大型公共空间使用频率影响因素研究——花城广场与珠江公园使用后评估

花城广场与珠江公园同处于广州新城市中心区珠江新城内,相距约1km,都是绿化环境优美的城市大型公共空间。花城广场南端的海心沙岛是举办2010年第十六届亚运会开闭幕式的庆典广场,花城广场已是广州乃至中国家喻户晓的“城市客厅”。2001年10月至2002年3月,中国第四届园林博览会在珠江公园召开。这两处城市公共空间具有相似的区位、规模和绿化环境,但市民对两者的使用频率却差异较大。现对两地的使用情况进行现场调研和问卷调查,将收集到的数据采用频数分析、配对样本参数检验和单因素方差分析方法进行统计分析,发掘普通市民对两者评价满意度差异,进而探讨城市大型公共空间使用频率的影响因素。     

城市湿地保护利用模式及复合型保护利用策略研究

以住建部认定的42个国家城市湿地公园为案例,通过对比分析其主导功能、区位、规模等特征,将城市湿地保护利用模式分为6个类型:保护区型、生态修复型、生态休闲型、生态生产型、休闲公园型和复合型.其中复合型模式由于兼具生态、经济和社会效益,是城市中心区湿地保护和利用的最佳模式.在此基础上结合广州市海珠湿地公园规划实践,探索在城市中心区营造复合型湿地的途径和经验.     

城市湖泊型湿地公园景观营建研究——以东湖国家湿地公园为例

该文以武汉市东湖国家湿地公园为研究对象,通过对东湖国家湿地公园的现状调查,结合湿地公园景观营建相关资料,分析了东湖国家湿地公园与武汉市及东湖风景区的关系,阐述了东湖国家湿地公园中景观构成要素的营建方式。在此基础上,归纳了城市湖泊型湿地公园的特性,并分别从植被、湖岸带、水环境及人工设施等方面分析探讨城市湖泊型湿地公园景观营建方法。通过对东湖国家湿地公园的景观营建分析及城市湖泊型湿地公园景观营建方法的探索,为完善东湖湿地公园建设及城市湖泊型湿地公园景观营建提供指导策略及参考。     

Thermodynamic and kinetic behavior of glycerol aerosol

Glycerol and propylene glycol mixtures are common carrier solutions in electronic cigarettes. Aerosols produced from these mixtures will evaporate quickly in a dry environment due to their high volatility. In a humid environment, such as the lungs, the kinetics of evaporation and hygroscopic growth determine the evolution of aerosol plume glycerol. Here, we apply a temperature and relative humidity-controlled hygroscopicity/volatility tandem differential mobility analyzer system to study the growth and evaporation kinetics of glycerol aerosol over a wide range of temperature, relative humidity, and residence times. Results show that at dry conditions glycerol aerosols evaporate within seconds at temperatures warmer than 20°C and that the accommodation coefficient of glycerol vapor on dry glycerol particles is 0.8. Under humidified conditions, the mutual depression of vapor pressures of the aqueous glycerol/water solution slows the glycerol evaporation rate consistent with thermodynamic and kinetic model predictions. Model calculations show that water vapor aided condensation of glycerol can occur at high relative humidity for glycerol vapor concentrations that result in glycerol particle evaporation under dry conditions. The combined results will help with constraining computational modules that model the evolution of glycerol-containing aerosols along a prescribed thermodynamic trajectory.

Copyright © 2016 American Association for Aerosol Research     

BRIGADIER JOHN TILTMAN: ONE OF BRITAIN'S FINEST CRYPTOLOGISTS

Biography of Brigadier John Tiltman, who worked as a cryptologist for the British and American governments from 1920 to 1980.     

高校园区教育资源开发和共享模式探索

针对目前教育资源的短缺和浪费，学生无法享受到比较好的教学资源，学校办学特色不明显等情况，在高校园区逐渐形成了一种教育资源开发和共享的探索模式。各个高校运用自己的能力，共同开发教学资源，并在教育资源差异较大的情况下，进行一定的互补。一般说来，教育资源主要是指在教师资源、课程资源、网络资源和教学设施等方面进行开发和共享。本文主要就高校园区教育资源开发和利用的必要性以及方法问题进行一定的探讨。     

城市空间与其使用价值——汕头中山公园的城市空间意义

文章通过论述汕头中山公园在策划背景、分析论证、用地选址和大规模建设各方面，是如何作为城市空间来体现其社会使用价值，来探讨城市空间产生过程中错综复杂的政治、经济、社会和文化多方面力量的博弈，以及城市社会和空间使用的相互关系。     

从不二门公园规划谈多样与独特的优化组合

不二门公园既是永顺县城郊公园,又是猛峒河风景名胜区的中心。它在永顺县旅游“金三角”中享有相当重要的地位,其旅游资源的最大特点是自然景观的多样性和人文景观的独特性,不二门公园规划方案主要探索了自然与人文、多样与独特的优化组合。