不同应力状态下铝合金变形及损伤机理的研究

利用改装的Arcan夹具对铝合金（6063）的蝶形试样进行0°，30°，45°，60°，90°的拉伸及拉伸卸载试验，研究了铝合金在不同应力状态下变形及损伤机理。结果表明：铝合金在不同应力状态下的工程应力一应变曲线明显不同。0°加载时，在蝶形中心产生微孔洞，微孔洞之间剪切，从而产生了微裂纹。随着微裂纹的扩展、连接导致试样断裂。随着试样中三轴应力度的减小，在蝶形试样中心的剪切应力不断增大，同时在蝶形试样中的剪切变形带越来越集中。显微裂纹首先在剪切带中产生，随着微裂纹的扩展导致试样的断裂。90°拉伸时，在蝶形中心形成明显的剪切变形带。90°加载时，在试样中产生的剪切带是形变剪切带而非相变剪切带。利用有限元软件ABAQUS对不同角度拉伸试验进行模拟，从而得出了不同应力状态下的塑性区的形状和大小。     

Hydrogen entry into steel during atmospheric corrosion process

Hydrogen entry and permeation into iron were measured by an electrochemical method during atmospheric corrosion reaction. The hydrogen permeation was enhanced on passive films because the hydrogen adsorption increased by the hydrogen evolution mechanism which is different from that on a bear iron surface. The permeation rate during a wet and dry corrosion cycle showed a maximum in the drying process depending upon the surface pH and the corrosion potential. The pollutant such as Na₂SO₃ which decreases the pH and the corrosion potential causes an increase in the permeation rate. The mechanism of the change in the permeation rate during the wet and dry cycles is explained by the polarization diagram of the electrode covered by thin water layer.     

钼精矿供应紧张支撑钼市场

介绍了2006年上半年国际、国内钼市场的产量、供需平衡及进出口情况。西方世界钼产量平稳，钼价格呈现出上涨趋势。西方世界钼铁平均价格1月份为53．5～55．8美元／kg，6月份为58．71～60．07美元/kg，上涨9．72％；中国产钼铁在鹿特丹仓库现货价格1月份为50．99～53．70美元／kg，6月份为58．51～60．03美元／kg，上涨14．74％。分析了上半年国际、国内钼市场的形势，预测下半年国际钼市场钼精矿供应仍将紧张，副产钼供应平缓，因此下半年的钼市场将得到支撑。     

铝对含钛微合金钢成分控制及夹杂物形成的影响

自主设计了不同Al含量的含钛微合金钢，采用火花源光电直读光谱仪检测了每炉钢的化学成分，分析了Al含量对试验钢中O和Ti含量的影响规律；利用OM、SEM观察了试验钢夹杂物形貌并进行了能谱分析，研究了Al含量对试验钢夹杂物形成的影响规律。研究结果表明：随着Al含量的增加，钢中Ti氧化物夹杂逐渐减少，Ti主要以TiN及TiC的形式存在，收得率得到提高；当Al质量分数大于0.033 7%时，Ti的收得率均高于90%；当Al质量分数控制在0.033 7%~0.060 6%时，脱氧效果较好，并可降低夹杂物数量、减小夹杂物的尺寸。     

Thermophysical properties of a Ti–44%Al–8%Nb–1%B alloy in the solid and molten states

The families of titanium aluminide intermetallic alloys have attractive high temperature mechanical properties which make them potential candidate materials for a wide range of applications, particularly in the aeronautic and automobile sectors. The development of appropriate manufacturing techniques is an essential stage in the engineering exploitation of these materials, e.g., Induction Skull Melting is one of the techniques which needs to be optimised for the casting of titanium aluminides. Research is underway to develop a computer model of this process but data are required for the key thermophysical properties. Pulse-heating techniques have been used to measure properties for the Ti–44Al–8Nb–1B system. Rectangular samples have been prepared and are resistively heated as part of a fast capacitor discharge circuit. Time-resolved measurements with sub-μs resolution of currents through the specimen were made with a Pearson probe current monitor using the induction principle. Voltages across the specimen were determined with knife-edge contacts and voltage dividers, and radiance temperatures of the sample were measured with a pyrometer. These measurements allow the calculation of specific heat and dependencies between enthalpy, electrical resistivity and temperature of the alloy up into the liquid phase. Data for thermal diffusivity have been obtained by using the Wiedeman–Franz relation. The results are compared with those obtained using DSC and the four-probe method to measure the temperature dependence of the resistivity.     

内分型线保险杠注射模设计

介绍了一种将分型线隐藏在非可视面的汽车外饰塑件注射模的基本结构。这一结构已广泛应用在国外中高档轿车的保险杠、防擦条等零件的成型模具上，从内分型线模具的定义、设计概念——同步推出、基本结构——变角度导轨、动作要点等方面对新型模具结构进行了阐述。     

纳米晶镁铝水滑石／聚乙烯复合阻燃料的制备

采用共混法制备聚乙烯／镁铝水滑石纳米复合材料。XRD、SEM、TEM和性能测试表明：镁铝水滑石纳米晶体分散在聚乙烯基体中，且有少部分发生插层；阴离子表面活性剂对水滑石的处理效果要优于偶联剂；pH值对处理效果有一定影响；镁铝水滑石阻燃剂填充聚乙烯体系阻燃效果，要优于填充A1（OH）3阻燃剂。     

录音机零件级进模设计

通过对录音杌零件的冲压工艺性分析，介绍了确定生产该零件采用的级进模模具结构和零件排样图的过程，而且解决了同一零件上向上和向下两个不同方向弯曲。     

模具的热电属性对电流烧结温度场的影响

建立了电流烧结温度场的有限元模型,通过有限元模型对电流烧结过程中的粉末体、模冲及阴模的温度分布进行了数值模拟。结果表明,模具的热电属性对电流烧结温度场的影响较大。在相同的烧结工艺条件下,与采用传统的石墨材料相比,采用高电阻、低热导率的陶瓷材料可显著提高粉末体的升温速率和最终烧结温度,但同时也带来了较大的温度梯度。进行了纯钛粉电流烧结试验,试验结果与有限元分析一致,验证了采用有限元分析的可行性。     

Solid-solution hardening and softening by Fe additions to NiAl

Solid-solution hardening in the case of a ternary alloy addition to a B2 compound with the triple defect structure has been investigated. The fact that the ternary element may occupy either of two sublattices or may affect the concentration of other types of point defects present in the material makes this a very interesting problem to consider. Ni-rich (40 at% Al), stoichiometric (50 at% Al), and Al-rich (52 at% Al) alloys were doped with up to 12 at% Fe. Lattice parameter, bulk density and hardness measurements were performed on samples quenched from 1000 °C. It was found that solid-solution softening actually occurs in the Ni-rich alloys, while hardening was observed in the stoichiometric and Al-rich alloys. The vacancy concentration was determined from the experimental data, and the site occupancies of the Fe atoms were estimated from a thermodynamic model. Through careful consideration of all point defect concentrations the solid-solution hardening and softening behaviors could be effectively rationalized.