KINETICS OF HYDROCARBON GAS GENERATION FROM MARINE KEROGEN AND OIL: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ORIGIN OF NATURAL GASES IN THE HETIANHE GASFIELD, TARIM BASIN, NW CHINA

In this paper we derive kinetic parameters for the generation of gaseous hydrocarbons (C_1‐5) and methane (C₁) from closed‐system laboratory pyrolysis of selected samples of marine kerogen and oil from the SW Tarim Basin. The activation energy distributions for the generation of both C_1‐5 (Ea = 59‐72kcal, A = 1.0×10¹⁴ s^?1) and C₁ (Ea = 61‐78kcal, A = 6.06×10¹⁴ s^?1) hydrocarbons from the marine oil are narrower than those for the generation of these hydrocarbons from marine kerogen (Ea = 50‐74kcal, A = 1.0×10¹⁴ s^?1 for C_1‐5; and Ea = 48‐72kcal, A=3.9×10¹³ s^?1 for C₁, respectively). Using these kinetic parameters, both the yields and timings of C_1‐5 and C₁ hydrocarbons generated from Cambrian source rocks and from in‐reservoir cracking of oil in Ordovician strata were predicted for selected wells along a north‐south profile in the SW of the basin. Thermodynamic conditions for the cracking of oil and kerogen were modelled within the context of the geological framework. It is suggested that marine kerogen began to crack at temperatures of around 120°C (or 0.8 %Ro) and entered the gas window at 138°C (or 1.05 %Ro); whereas the marine oil began to crack at about 140 °C (or 1.1 %Ro) and entered the gas window at 158 °C (or 1.6%Ro). The main geological controls identified for gas accumulations in the Bachu Arch (Southwest Depression, SW Tarim Basin) include the remaining gas potential following Caledonian uplift; oil trapping and preservation in basal Ordovician strata; the extent of breaching of Ordovician reservoirs; and whether reservoir burial depths are sufficiently deep for oil cracking to have occurred. In the Maigaiti Slope and Southwest Depression, the timing of gas generation was later than that in the Bachu Arch, with much higher yields and generation rates, and hence better prospects for gas exploration. It appears from the gas generation kinetics that the primary source for the gases in the Hetianhe gasfield was the Southwest Depression.     

基于点对点通信的变电站自动化系统双总线通信方案

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IP网络资源调度与接纳控制技术研究

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龙滩水电站地下引水发电系统混凝土施工技术浅析

龙滩水电站地下引水发电系统混凝土工程具有规模大、结构体形复杂、质量要求高等特点,在混凝土施工过程中,采用了斜竖井全断面滑模技术、免装修混凝土施工技术、蜗壳混凝土浇筑技术、隧洞底拱翻模技术、特大型断面边顶拱混凝土衬砌施工技术等,这些技术的应用较好地完成了混凝土施工。     

Means of enhancing and promoting the use of solar energy

The development of renewable technologies in the last decade has been exceptional. In photovoltaic (PV) for example, efforts were not only limited to merely improving their efficiency but also to the reduction of the cost of cells and modules via volume production for commercial markets. There are many national schemes promoting the use of PV technology and regional targets for a share of renewable energy production. This paper attempts to relay to the reader a journey, based on experience, approaches for enhancing the prospect of utilising solar energy within the society we live in. The issue of expansion or enhancing the utilisation of solar energy can be undertaken by individuals, groups, institutions and governments. The aim of this paper is to provide some examples, which could serve as a framework in which action could be taken to promote solar technology.     

用于测量空间温度场的分布式光纤传感器的系统设计

文中首先介绍了喇曼散射，并对分布式光纤温度传感器进行了理论分析，最后着重介绍我们研制的一种能够实际使用的喇曼散射分布式光纤温度传感器系统的设计和应用。     

MECHANISM OF SOUND GENERATION BY FLOW OVER TWO CAVITIES IN TWO DIMENSIONS

1 .　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＷｈｅｎｈｉｇｈ ｓｐｅｅｄａｉｒｆｌｏｗｏｒｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｐａｓｓｅｓｏｖｅｒｇａｐｓｏｒｃａｖｉｔｉｅｓｉｎａｆｌａｔｐｌａｔｅ ,ｓｅｌｆ ｅｘｃｉｔｅｄｏｓｃｉｌｌａｔｉｏｎｓｍａｙｏｃｃｕｒ ,ｌｅａｄｉｎｇｔｏｄｒａｍａｔｉｃｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅａｎｄｖｅｌｏｃｉｔｙｆｌｕｃｔｕａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｎｏｉｓｅ .Ｔｈｅｓｅｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａｍａｙａｐｐｅａｒｉｎｍａｎｙｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ .Ｆｏｒｅｘａｍｐｌｅ ,ｗｅａｐｏｎｂ…     

A computational study of LP-based heuristic algorithms for two-dimensional guillotine cutting stock problems

In this paper we develop and compare several heuristic methods for solving the general two-dimensional cutting stock problem. We follow the Gilmore-Gomory column generation scheme in which at each iteration a new cutting pattern is obtained as the solution of a subproblem on one stock sheet. For solving this subproblem, in addition to classical dynamic programming, we have developed three heuristic procedures of increasing complexity, based on GRASP and Tabu Search techniques, producing solutions differing in quality and in time requirements. In order to obtain integer solutions from the fractional solutions of the Gilmore-Gomory process, we compare three rounding procedures, rounding up, truncated branch and bound and the solution of a residual problem. We have coded and tested all the combinations of algorithms and rounding procedures. The computational results obtained on a set of randomly generated test problems show their relative efficiency and allow the potential user to choose from among them, according to the available computing time. Rceived: January 9, 2001 / Accepted: December 10, 2001     

一种高性能超宽带线性调频信号源

介绍一种VHF／UHF频段高性能超宽带线性调频信号源的设计与实现。首先简要阐述了高性能超宽带线性调频信号源的设计思想，然后依据基带数字产生结合倍频扩展带宽的思路提出了一种超宽带线性调频信号产生方案，并进行了设计实现研究。测试结果表明：按照本文阐述的指导思想和实现方案所设计的超宽带线性调频信号源达到 了相当高的性能。     

现场总线技术在发电系统数据采集中的应用

介绍了现场总线网络在干熄焦汽轮机发电生产过程中所起的作用，并重点介绍了系统所完成的数据采集，监视和管理等功能。