温度对还原增感立方体氯化银乳剂中光电子衰减的影响

利用微波介电检测技术,测得还原增感立方体氯化银乳剂中自由光电子与浅束缚光电子衰减行为随还原增感温度的变化。实验发现还原增感温度变化会引起增感中心陷阱作用的变化:当还原增感温度较低时,增感中心起空穴陷阱作用,延缓光电子衰减;还原增感温度较高时,增感中心起深电子陷阱作用,加速光电子衰减。由此,我们得到了确定最佳增感温度的依据。     

钛酸钡基铁电材料的介电非线性研究

通过A位或B位掺杂改性得到的钛酸钡基铁电材料,在外加直流偏置电场作用下,具有介电常数非线性可调的优异介电性能,可以广泛地应用于压控可调陶瓷电容器和微波可调器件领域。针对钛酸钡基铁电材料的介电非线性特性,讨论了BaTiO_3基铁电材料分别在铁电相、顺电相以及相转变温度场附近的介电非线性机理和相关理论;结合笔者近年来有关介电非线性研究的实验结果和相关文献报道,综述了不同A位离子(如Sr~(2-)和Ca~(2-)等)或B位离子(如Zr~(4 )和Sn~(4-)等)掺杂的BaTiO_3基铁电材料体系的介电非线性研究现状,分别对不同物质形态(陶瓷块体、薄膜和厚膜)的BaTiO_3基铁电材料的介电非线性研究及其应用进行了对比分析;并对钛酸钡基铁电材料今后的发展趋势和研究方向进行了展望。     

钛酸锶钡陶瓷材料的掺杂改性

钛酸锶钡(BST)是一种重要的具有钙钛矿结构的铁电材料。顺电态下,其介电损耗较小,结构稳定。因此对顺电态下的BST进行掺杂改性是近年来铁电材料的研究热点之一。本文简要介绍了目前国内外科研工作者利用稀土、碱土氧化物进行掺杂时对BST的微观结构、介电损耗、介电常数以及可调率方面的影响。     

球磨时间对钛酸钡介电性能的影响

通过改变混料的秩序以及采用沉降、水煮损耗、温度特性、电导率和化学分析等测试手段，研究了制备钛酸钡的球磨工艺中球磨时间对钛酸钡粉体均匀性及钛酸钡介电性能的影响。研究结果表明：采用不同的球磨时间制得的钛酸钡性能差别较大，球磨时间达12小时时，能减少球磨引起的团聚，极大地改善了固相合成BaTiO3粉体均匀性，并最终提高了钛酸钡的介电性能。     

Synthesis and Characterization of a New Sillenite Compound—Bi12(B0.5P0.5)O20

A new sillenite compound, Bi₁₂(B_0.5P_0.5)O₂₀, was synthesized using a solid-state reaction method. The stoichiometry was confirmed by XRD analyses, microstructural investigations, and quantitative elemental analysis. An investigation of the dielectric properties at frequencies from 100 Hz to 1 MHz revealed a broad, highly frequency-dispersive, relaxor-like dielectric anomaly, which appeared in the temperature range of −80°–100°C. The permittivity, Q × f value, and temperature coefficient of the resonant frequency, measured at ∼5.5 GHz, were determined to be 37.4, 850 GHz, and −19 ppm/K, respectively.     

钛酸铅微晶玻璃介电性能研究

主要对钛酸铅系铁电性微晶玻璃的介电性能做了研究,研制的微晶玻璃初始组成由形成主晶相的氧化物和形成玻璃相的氧化物构成,经过熔融、热处理可以得到以钛酸铅为主晶相的微晶玻璃,分析了不同组成情况下微晶玻璃的介电性能.     

浅谈BaO-Ln2O3-TiO2体系微波介质陶瓷的热稳定性

本文介绍了目前提高BaO-Ln2O3-TiO2体系微波介质陶瓷热稳定性的几种方法,指出了有待解决的主要问题;而加强对陶瓷结构的理论剖析、寻找合适的添加剂、改进制备工艺等是今后研究工作的重点。     

Intrinsic Elastic, Dielectric, and Piezoelectric Losses in Lead Zirconate Titanate Ceramics Determined by an Immittance-Fitting Method

The material coefficients of "soft" and "hard" lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics were determined as complex values by the nonlinear least-squares-fitting of immittance data measured for length-extensional bar resonators. The piezoelectric d -constant should be a complex value to obtain a best fitting between observed and calculated results. Because the elastic, dielectric, and piezoelectric losses determined in this process were not "intrinsic" losses, a calculation process to evaluate the "intrinsic" losses was proposed. It was confirmed that the intrinsic losses were smaller than the corresponding extrinsic losses. The intrinsic piezoelectric loss existed in both soft and hard PZTs; ∼50% of the loss of piezoelectric d -constant was derived from the elastic and dielectric losses. The most notable difference between the soft and hard PZTs was observed in their elastic losses.     

Immobilization of biologically active species on PA‐6 foils treated by a dielectric barrier discharge

In the field of biomaterials and biomedical devices, surface activation has been focused on creating functional groups capable of preferential adsorption of biologically active species (proteins, enzymes, cells, drugs, etc.). In this way an interface can be created between the synthetic material and the biological medium, with the aim of increasing the compatibility of the implant with the human organism. In our experiments a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), in helium at atmospheric pressure, was used as the source of energy capable of creating active centers that render the functionalized surface favorable to immobilization of biological molecules. Retention of immunoglobulin (IgG) and heparin biomolecules on polyamide‐6 (PA‐6) surfaces after treatment by the DBD was analyzed by atomic force microscopy, adhesion evaluation, and measurement of the contact angle titration in order to assess this incorporation on the treated surfaces. The marked adsorption of the biomolecules on the active sites created by DBD on the exposed surfaces also was related to a complex set of processes, such as enhanced roughness, increased surface wettability, and modified distribution of cationic and anionic groups on the treated surfaces. All these factors could promote interfacial interactions between the specific groups of the biomolecules existing in the biological medium and the type of cationic and/or anionic groups present on the surface. The efficiency of the DBD treatment showed that the DBD technique is useful for preactivation of the polymer surface for immobilization of other biologically active species (such as drugs and enzymes). © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 1985–1990, 2003     

Effect of MgO Addition on the Bondability and Interfacial Reaction between Dielectric and Glass-Ceramics for the Fabrication of Multi-Component Ceramic Substrates

Bondability and interfacial reaction between dielectric and insulator layers have been examined to obtain a basic understanding of bonding mechanisms. Lead-containing complex perovskite was used as a dielectric material. Two kinds of glass-ceramics were used as insulator material; lead borosilicate glass containing Al_2O3 (insulator A) and the same containing Al₂O₃ and M_gO (insulator B). Dielectric and insulator layers did not bond when insulator A was used. When insulator B was used, however, strong bonding was achieved between the two layers by firing the powder compacts at temperatures between 800° and 1000°C. Addition of M_gO to lead borosilicate glass increased the thermal expansion coefficient to that of the dielectric and enhanced the formation of reaction layers, resulting in good bonding. Two reaction layers were identified. The main reaction products were enstatite and bredigite for one layer contacting the dielectric, and enstatite and a compound with the same diffraction pattern as that of faujasite for the other layers contacting insulator B.