多目标条件下矿山充填材料配比优化实验

为准确确定某铁矿尾砂胶结充填材料最优配比,分别选择制浆水性、砂灰质量比和料浆质量浓度与充填体强度、料浆坍落度和料浆泌水率作为尾砂胶结充填材料配比优化的影响因素和充填性能评价指标.基于响应面–满意度函数耦合理论,采用Box-Behnken实验设计方法开展13组不同充填配比实验,构建充填性能评价指标的响应面函数,研究各影响因素与目标响应量的相关关系及多目标条件下的最优充填材料配比.结果表明,制浆水性对响应量影响不显著;砂灰质量比对充填体强度影响极显著;坍落度受料浆质量浓度、砂灰质量比影响较显著;砂灰质量比和料浆质量浓度对料浆泌水率的影响均极为显著,且二者之间存在极显著的交互作用.该矿尾砂胶结充填材料最优配比为:制浆水性为海水,砂灰质量比为8.44:1,料浆质量浓度为72%,该配比条件下对应的响应量预测结果为:充填体28 d龄期单轴抗压强度为2.00 MPa,料浆塌落度为27.15 cm,料浆泌水率为7.35%,与验证实验结果基本吻合,为现场工业实验提供强有力的理论支撑.     

基于智能算法的汽车气动外形参数多目标优化

为了对汽车外形进行优化设计,利用CFD软件与智能算法相结合的方法,以在天窗微开高速行驶状态下的汽车为优化的对象,选取气动阻力最小、气动升力为0、天窗后缘压强最小为`优化目标,以汽车关键外形参数为设计变量,对汽车气动外形进行多目标优化设计.同时,应用了数据挖掘技术评价设计变量与3个目标函数的影响关系,选取优化后的最佳关键参数制作汽车模型并进行风洞试验验证.研究结果表明:通过遗传算法优化的车身外形,在其他设计目标满足要求的条件下成功地将阻力系数降低了9.5%,并通过风洞试验验证了该智能算法结果的准确性.基于智能算法的汽车气动外形设计具有指导意义与实际应用价值,为汽车气动外形的多目标优化设计提供了一种高效、精确、可靠的先进优化方法.     

雨水泵站水泵机组启停优化

为解决雨水泵站运行过程中存在的水泵频繁启停问题,提出一种水泵机组启停优化方法.该方法通过分析泵站的设计参数和水泵机组运行原理,建立启泵水位优化模型,并运用暴雨洪水管理模型(storm water management model,SWMM)和粒子群优化算法(particle swarm optimization algorithm,PSO)对模型求解,最终得到水泵机组的最优启泵水位.通过实例将优化方法与传统的人工调试方法进行对比,验证了其可行性.研究结果表明:采用优化方法得到的启泵水位可使机组启停次数达到最小,实现了较好的水泵启停效果.同时优化方法也避免了复杂的人工调试过程,得出的优化结果为雨水泵站启泵水位的选取提供参考.     

Probabilistic and interval reliability design of the composite pressure vessel

Considering the randomness or interval character of physical parameters and applied loads of composite pressure vessels (COPV), the COPV reliability-analyzing model is built. And then the computational expressions for the mean value, standard deviation and deviation of fiber stress are deduced by the random factor method. The probabilistic and interval reliability designs on COPV are implemented by utilizing the probabilistic method and interval method combined with the improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, respectively. The influence of fluctuation of structure uncertain parameters on COPV design thickness is inspected. Finally, examples are given to demonstrate that both probabilistic and interval reliability methods can satisfy the safety requirement and both are of higher rationality than the traditional safety factor method. And probabilistic method has a lower relative error but a higher computational complexity contrasted with the interval method.     

Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Constraint-Reduced DCOP

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is an important topic in the field of artificial intelligence,in which distributed constraint optimization (DCOP) algorithms have been widely used to coordinate the actions of multiple agents.However,dense communication among agents affects the practicability of DCOP algorithms.In this paper,we propose a novel DCOP algorithm dealing with the previous DCOP algorithms' communication problem by reducing constraints.The contributions of this paper are primarily threefold:① It is proved that removing constraints can effectively reduce the communication burden of DCOP algorithms.② An criterion is provided to identify insignificant constraints whose elimination doesn't have a great impact on the performance of the whole system.③ A constraint-reduced DCOP algorithm is proposed by adopting a variant of spectral clustering algorithm to detect and eliminate the insignificant constraints.Our algorithm reduces the communication burdern of the benchmark DCOP algorithm while keeping its overall performance unaffected.The performance of constraint-reduced DCOP algorithm is evaluated on four configurations of cooperative sensor networks.The effectiveness of communication reduction is also verified by comparisons between the constraint-reduced DCOP and the benchmark DCOP.     

Analysis of the Micro-Rotation Compliant Mechanism Based on the Corner-Filleted Flexure Hinges

基于直梁圆角型柔性铰链的小转角柔顺机构

鄢永耀^1,2,刘伟¹ ,颜昌翔¹ ,付锦江^1,2

（1.中国科学院 长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林 130033;

2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049）

创新点说明：

1）通过对称变换和坐标平移的方法较为简单方便的推导出了直梁圆角型柔性铰链的柔度公式;

2）设计了一种由8个直梁圆角型柔性铰链组成的适用于某快速微调装置中的小转角柔顺机构

研究目的：

根据研究的直梁圆角型柔性铰链柔度公式及小转角柔顺机构力学特性,对某快速微调机构的旋转部分进行结构设计及优化。

研究方法：

1）对称变换及坐标变换的方法（理论计算）;

2）三维建模和有限元分析;

3）建立优化模型及运用matlab软件的fmincon优化指令。

结果：

1）推导了直梁圆角型柔性铰链的柔度公式;

2）设计了小转角柔顺机构,并推导出了工作力矩/刚度的理论公式;

3）根据某快速微调机构的技术要求,进行了结构设计及优化。

结论：

1）本文通过采用对称变换及坐标变换的方法,相比于传统的微积分直接计算更加简单方便的推导出了倒圆角柔性铰链的柔度公式,经验证,理论推导的结果与有限元结果比较大体一致,误差不超过8%。

2）结合此倒圆角柔性铰链的柔度公式,研究出一种一维旋转机构——小转角柔性机构,并推导出工作力矩/刚度的理论公式,分析了结构参数对工作刚度的影响,通过有限元分析及测试实验验证了柔性机构的力矩理论公式准确可靠。

3）根据某空间项目的技术要求,设计了相应的小转角柔性机构,并通过优化模型对此柔性机构进行了尺寸优化使得其满足约束条件的同时工作力矩尽量小。

关键词：柔性铰链,直梁圆角,柔顺机构,刚度,优化,理论模型

     

电站锅炉烟气余热利用现状分析

介绍了电站锅炉烟气余热回收的现状,指出了余热回收、利用、发展3个阶段的特点,表明余热方案系统越来越复杂,节能效果越来越好,方案可选择性越来越多,需要优化.总结了余热方案优化常用的优化目标和优化方法.     

利用测距值优化的室内三维定位算法

为了解决实际误差分布与假设误差分布不匹配导致最小二乘三维定位算法精度较低的问题,提出一种基于测距值优化的最小二乘室内三维定位算法.结合残差修正、Cayley-Menger行列式及空间四面体几何约束,利用非线性规划方法优化测距值,使测距误差符合高斯分布特性,从而提高最小二乘三维定位算法的定位精度.实验对比分析结果显示,所提算法具有较高的定位精度及稳定性.     

基于狄杰斯特拉算法的蔬菜种植和配送最优化

采用狄杰斯特拉(Dijkstra)最优化理论,对城市周边的蔬菜种植和配送建立数学模型,在考虑增加蔬菜种植量同时各蔬菜销售点的短缺量一律不超过需求量的30%的情况下,实现了总短缺补偿和运费补贴最少。对"菜篮子工程"具有一定的指导意义和应用价值。     

Study of probability integration method parameter inversion by the genetic algorithm

In order to obtain accurate probability integration method(PIM) parameters for surface movement of multi-panel mining, a genetic algorithm(GA) was used to optimize the parameters. As the measured surface movement is affected by more than one mining panel, traditional PIM parameter inversion model is difficult to ensure the reliability of the results due to the complexity of rock movement. With crossover,mutation and selection operators, GA can perform a global optimization search and has high computation efficiency. Compared with the pattern search algorithm, the fitness function can avoid falling into local minima traps. GA reduces the risk of local minima traps which improves the accuracy and reliability with the mutation mechanism. Application at Xuehu colliery shows that GA can be used to inverse the PIM parameters for multi-panel surface movement observation, and reliable results can be obtained. The research provides a new way for back-analysis of PIM parameters for mining subsidence under complex conditions.