川西坳陷致密碎屑岩钻井故障及对策

川西坳陷上三叠统至侏罗系地层主要表现为岩石致密、研磨性强，钻井速度慢，建井周期长。对该区储层敏感性，岩石力学特征，地应力大小、方向以及地层的压力和温度进行了详细地分析，总结了川西地区由于以上各种客观因素引发的常见的钻井故障，并结合已有的钻井资料，通过采用不同的钻井工艺、优化应用新型的井身结构、优选应用高效钻头和优选新型钻井液来提高机械钻速、缩短建井周期和保护油气层。     

住宅外墙保温体系的探讨

文章对不燃性与难燃性的保温材料作了性能分析,用火灾个案剖析出与住宅构筑相关的成因,提出采用新型保温材料及住宅外墙改进的探索。     

基于治理的建设项目理论探讨

研究了公司治理理论,结合建设项目的具体特点,对传统建设项目的建设方式作了理论分析,探讨了建设项目治理的一般理论,对企业管理及建设项目管理具有一定的指导作用。     

New Zealand Local Government at the Crossroads? Reflections on the Recent Local Government Reforms

The first new local government statute to be brought before the New Zealand parliament in almost 30 years has brought significant changes which are informed by a participatory democracy paradigm. Notwithstanding the significance of these innovations, we question the extent to which these changes can be construed as a reinvention of local government in New Zealand. It is argued that the Act expresses a model of collaboration between central and local government and communities embodied in the ideology of the 'Third Way', a political programme which aims to renew social democracy by including civil society as a partner in managing the economy. However, as strong as these new attributes are, the drive behind the Act must be considered an example of the centre-left being pragmatic, not of fundamental reform.     

Does environmental infrastructure investment contribute to emissions reduction? A case of China

Environmental infrastructure investment (EII) is an important environmental policy instrument on responding to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and air pollution. This paper employs an improved stochastic impact by regression on population, affluence and technology (STRIPAT) model by using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces and municipalities for the period of 2003–2015 to investigate the effect of EII on CO₂ emissions, SO₂ emissions, and PM_2.5 pollution. The results indicate that EII has a positive and significant effect on mitigating CO₂ emission. However, the effect of EII on SO₂ emission fluctuated although it still contributes to the reduction of PM_2.5 pollution through technology innovations. Energy intensity has the largest impact on GHG emissions and air pollution, followed by GDP per capita and industrial structure. In addition, the effect of EII on environmental issues varies in different regions. Such findings suggest that policies on EII should be region-specific so that more appropriate mitigation policies can be raised by considering the local realities.     

Is the Feminist Ethics of Care framework a useful lens for GM crop risk appraisal in the global south?

The risk assessment of genetically modified (GM) crops is assumed to be a benign regulatory tool due to its perceived objectivity and freedom from the morals and values that pervade society. Yet, against the current backdrop of ecological, social and political volatility, issues that cannot be resolved using the existing framework in South Africa are consistently emerging. This paper calls for a reformation of regulatory procedures by exploring the potential of Feminist Care Ethics to illuminate an alternative approach to the assessment of GM crops. While fresh thinking is welcome into the entangled field of biotechnology governance, there remains little understanding of how to accommodate such approaches in the context of the Global South. Twenty three interviews with participants from governmental, non-governmental and academic bodies were carried out in order to explore the potential of a Feminist Ethic of Care as an alternative framework. By examining the current appraisal procedures and tracing their evolution, problems with the current system were illuminated. To assess the suitability of the care ethic framework and ensure reflexivity, a hybrid approach to thematic analysis was applied. Using themes derived from feminist literature such as relationships, context, power, narrative and emotion, new ‘ways of seeing’ risk emerged and illuminated salient issues that are habitually ignored by the current science-based risk approach to assessment. The current approach was found to be flawed, stemming from a neoliberal, productivist perception of our socio-ecological environment. Feminist perspectives instead ask us to broaden the framing of risk, to consider different knowledges, to re-imagine ourselves as social, rather than economic beings, to tap into the capacity of socio-ecological relations and to recognize and dismantle power structures. The research concludes that although the care ethics themes offer a new approach to GM crop regulation, meaningful change will not arise from simply adding these elements to the current system. Rather, a call must be made for a re-imagining, and redesigning, both institutionally and politically-economically.     

The presence of governance: A system assessment based on innovative core regulatory principles for Brazilian regulators

Regulatory governance is considered as a new era in the state's intervention, and it is vital to foster both qualitative and quantitative performances of regulators. In this paper, the authors argue that the absence of governance principles allows regulators to justify the adoption of instruments to improve it. Five core regulatory principles, particularly accountability, administrative capacity, open government, regulatory quality, and rule of law build the bridge between regulatory governance and regulatory substance. The authors propose the application of a multicriteria modelling method (ELECTRE TRI‐C) in order to conduct the assessment and categorization of Brazilian subnational regulators according to the presence of governance, encompassing the opinions of legitimate stakeholders. The levels of regulatory governance are calculated for the regulators in order to provide some determinants of good governance, which could be stimulated by regulatory impact assessment, as a policy tool that improves institutional environments.     

美国联邦政府自然资源时空数据治理的顶层设计与启示 增刊

美国自20世纪90年代开展数字政府建设以来针对政府信息化和循证决策管理发布了大量法律法规、官方文件，形成了非常健全的政府数据治理顶层设计。在总体要求下，美国联邦政府、内政部、商务部等也针对自然资源相关时空数据治理提出了政府管理架构改革、设立数据治理委员会、开展数据管理评估等改革行动。为此，重点梳理了自然资源领域时空数据治理的顶层设计和循证决策框架下开展数据治理的实践推进情况，并分析了美国经验对我国未来开展自然资源时空信息数据治理的启示。     

Smart-Fragile Authentication Scheme for Robust Detecting of Tampering Attacks on English Text

Content authentication, integrity verification, and tampering detection of digital content exchanged via the internet have been used to address a major concern in information and communication technology. In this paper, a text zero-watermarking approach known as Smart-Fragile Approach based on Soft Computing and Digital Watermarking (SFASCDW) is proposed for content authentication and tampering detection of English text. A first-level order of alphanumeric mechanism, based on hidden Markov model, is integrated with digital zero-watermarking techniques to improve the watermark robustness of the proposed approach. The researcher uses the first-level order and alphanumeric mechanism of Markov model as a soft computing technique to analyze English text. Moreover, he extracts the features of the interrelationship among the contexts of the text, utilizes the extracted features as watermark information, and validates it later with the studied English text to detect any tampering. SFASCDW has been implemented using PHP with VS code IDE. The robustness, effectiveness, and applicability of SFASCDW are proved with experiments involving four datasets of various lengths in random locations using the three common attacks, namely insertion, reorder, and deletion. The SFASCDW was found to be effective and could be applicable in detecting any possible tampering.     

Board Level IT Governance: A Scoping Review to Set the Research Agenda

ABSTRACT

Digital transformation is becoming pervasive, resulting in the intertwine of organizational strategy with IT strategy and increasing importance of IT risk. This falls into the domain of the board of directors, who are ultimately accountable for strategy and control. Yet, research shows that the involvement of boards in governing digital assets is low. In order to address this topic, this paper summarizes the state-of-the-art of this research domain and identifies an agenda for future research.