The electropolymerization of pyrrole at a CuNi electrode: corrosion protection properties

Pyrrole was successfully electropolymerized at a copper–nickel electrode in a near-neutral sodium oxalate solution containing Cu²⁺ cations to generate a homogenous and adherent polypyrrole film. The presence of the Cu²⁺ ions increased both the rate of the electropolymerization reaction and the adherence of the polymer at the CuNi interface. In the absence of these cations, oxidation of the electrode occurred generating a nickel-rich layer that was not sufficiently conducting, under the electropolymerization conditions employed, to facilitate the electron-transfer reaction and the electropolymerization of pyrrole.These films remained stable and exhibited significant corrosion protection properties in acidified and neutral 0.1 mol dm⁻³ NaCl solutions even on polarization of the electrodes to high anodic potentials.     

现代通信产品静电防护技术导则

本导则提出了电子通信设备机房内静电荷的产生根源及静电放电对其设备正常运行的影响机理，提出机房内环境装修的静电防护措施及静电防护操作等，从而达到有效地控制静电荷的，确保电子通信设备安全可靠运行。本导则适用于以集成电路为核心的现代通信设备机房的设计和管理。     

类金刚石薄膜作为MgF2红外增透和保护膜的研究

系统地研究了ＭｇＦ２衬底上类金刚石薄膜的折射率和生长速率与淀积工艺之间的关系，在ＭｇＦ２衬底上成功地设计并制备了红外增透和保护膜。理论与实验研究表明，类金刚石薄膜使ＭｇＦ２的红外透过率提高３％以上是完全可靠的，但起红外增透和保护是作用的统一性问题仍有待进一步研究。     

一种基于单片机的变电站控制保护系统的实现

以单片机８０３１ 为核心组成的采集、保护和通信模块，通过ＲＳ４８５ 的连接，与４８６ 工控微机构成了分布式３５ ｋＶ 变电站的自控系统，实现变电站的计量、保护和控制等功能，以达到变电站的无人值守或少人值守。     

Use of inverse gas chromatography to quantify interactions in amine cured epoxy resins

Flory–Huggins interaction parameters, λ, were determined for a series of probes in an amine cured epoxy resin matrix (433–493 K) and its precursors (324–363 K) by inverse gas chromatography (IGC). Hildebrand–Scatchard theory was combined with Flory–Huggins theory in order to estimate infinte dilution solubility parameters (δ₂) for the matrix and its precursors at 298 K. It was shown that the value of the solubility parameter for the cured resin matrix lies between those of its precursors. Compared to the majority of published work, an unusual aspect of this application of IGC is that solubility parameters have been determined when the stationery phases are (i) small molecules and (ii) a highly crosslinked polymer. Moreover, all possible attempts have been made to ensure equilibrium conditions between probe and stationary phase, and compensation for asymmetry of peak profile has been applied in determining δ₂. The solubility parameters estimated by IGC are in good agreement with those calculated by other methods.     

21世纪电力电子技术的机遇与挑战

以环保、可持续发展、提高企业竞争力为出发点 ,展望了 2 1世纪社会发展对电力电子技术的要求。     

纵向零序电压保护新方案及其应用

由于结构设计的原因，综合性能较好的一些保护方案如横差保护和不完全纵差保护等将不能应用于大型超临界汽轮发电机。文中重点讨论了纵向零序电压保护方案的改进及其在应用中的问题。研究表明，发电机发生匝间短路故障时3次谐波电势减小，而机组外部故障时发电机3次谐波电势增大。因此，为了提高纵向零序电压保护方案的性能，可以根据故障时3次谐波电压增量的特性作为选取制动量的依据，从而提高保护性能。亦即:当3次谐波电压表现为负增量时，制动量取为0或接近0;而当3次谐波电压表现为正增量时，以该增量值作为制动量。此外，对匝间保护纵向零序电压元件增加一个小延时是可行的，它可以提高保护躲暂态3次谐波影响的能力。仿真计算表明，比例制动式纵向零序电压保护能可靠区分内外部故障，符合大型超临界汽轮发电机的保护要求。     

一种新型序分量高压线路保护选相元件

提出了一种利用零序与正负序之和的相对相位关系选相新原理。该原理通过零序与正负序之和的相对相位关系，并结合零序与负序相对相位关系进行接地故障相别的判断。该选相元件从原理上克服了以往序分量选相方法受过渡电阻影响较大的缺点，原理简单，理论分析和大量的现场数据验证表明能有效可靠地选出故障相别，是高压线路保护实现单相重合闸较为理想的选相元件。     

优化改造油田生产工艺 增产增效提高环保水平——涠洲11-4油田生产工艺优化改造实践

油田生产水处理和海管输油能力不足是制约涠洲11-4油田生产和影响生产安全的瓶颈问题。合理利用油田原有设施和条件,对生产水处理系统和输油管道系统进行工艺优化改造,使该油田B平台海管运行的安全可靠性得以明显提高,并使油田生产水处理能力和处理质量得到有效改善,同时大幅度降低了油田生产成本,拓宽了油田增产挖潜的空间。涠洲11-4油田优化改造生产工艺实践经验,可为进一步拓宽海上老油气田的生产管理思路提供参考。     

The use of natural essential oils as antimicrobial solutions in paper packaging. Part II

We have assessed the antimicrobial, vapor-phase activity of the following natural essential oils (EOs) when used in paraffin-based “active coatings” for paper packaging materials intended to come into contact with foods: clove (Sygzium aromaticum), cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), and oregano (Origanum vulgare) EOs, and cinnamaldehyde-enriched cinnamon EO. To our knowledge, this is the first time that such an approach has been presented for consideration by the scientific community.