The development of a multidimensional scale to evaluate motor vehicle dynamic qualities

Advances in motor vehicle engineering will allow greater refinement of the dynamic qualities of passenger cars in the near future. This paper describes the development and initial validation of a reliable and valid multidimensional scale to assess these parameters based upon a technique previously developed to evaluate aircraft handling qualities. The scaling methodology developed emphasizes the interaction between the vehicle's dynamic behaviour and the category of vehicle (e.g. sports car, executive saloon). This three-part study describes the initial extraction and the subsequent verification of the scale dimensions from an analysis of the opinions of circa 500 drivers, followed by an evaluation of the sensitivity and diagnosticity of the scale to distinguish between the road behaviour exhibited by vehicle types. The results suggest that the scale shows both content and construct validity, being able to distinguish both between broad categories of vehicle and different models of vehicle within a particular category in a consistent and meaningful manner.     

面向新能源并网的电力系统鲁棒调度模式

为了应对大规模新能源并网下电力系统的多种随机因素,提出了一种基于"鲁棒调度计划"+"鲁棒运行区域"的多时间尺度滚动调度模式。首先,在分析传统多时间尺度调度模式存在问题的基础上,提出了一种改进的多时间尺度鲁棒调度模式。然后,阐述了鲁棒调度的基本实施过程,通过算例对实施过程进行模拟,并与传统调度模式进行对比说明了所提模式的优越性。最后,对实现多时间尺度鲁棒调度模式的关键技术进行探讨,为面向新能源并网的电力系统调度提供参考思路。     

Using Combined Bipolar Semantic Scales and Eye‐Tracking Metrics to Compare Consumer Perception of Real and Virtual Bottles

Three‐dimensional virtual representations of consumer products are expected to gain relevance in e‐commerce applications as low cost virtual reality headsets arrive on the market in the next years. However, there are a limited number of studies related to the perceptual evaluation of virtual products and their packaging where virtual and real (photographic) representations are compared. As part of an extensive exploration toward understanding product perception in virtual stores, this work presents a study with 38 participants in which consumer perceptions of a photographic and a virtual representation of a beer bottle are examined. Perceptual evaluation is assessed using two metrics: first, an evaluation was performed by applying a bipolar semantic scale based on four axes: novelty, resolution, style and emotion. Second, eye‐tracking metrics were employed to analyse participant gaze behaviour during the visualization of stimuli. Virtual bottles were modelled using a medium polygonal load (5 K polygons per bottle), and render quality was also medium to intentionally recreate the computing limitations of smartphone‐based virtual reality headsets. Results show that a medium render quality alters consumer perception and responses using semantic scales. Eye‐tracking analysis confirms that the orientation of the bottle and how it is presented also affect consumer perception. While some orientations result in similar eye‐tracking metrics, others show different results. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

自动定量包装秤常见故障处理

介绍自动定量包装秤的结构组成和工作原理,以及各部件的主要作用。对使用中的常见故障,如称量不准、气缸不动作、夹袋器不动、底门提前关闭、夹袋不紧、称量后物料继续增加或减少等进行分析,并提出处理方法。     

重型炮弹自动称重技术

为解决在称重中的冲击和重心位置问题,确保称重的精度,采用一种自动机构和防爆电子秤方法。介绍专机构成和工作流程,通过找到防爆电子秤的链接和选择,找到合适的防爆电子秤进行称重。结果表明,专机机械机构对弹体定位的保证和称重机构与秤体托盘直接相连,能保证称重的精度和称得的值的准确,达到生产检验精度要求,实现重型弹体自动上弹称重。目前该技术已投入使用,效果良好。     

Analyzing developmental processes on an individual level using nonstationary time series modeling.

Individuals change over time, often in complex ways. Generally, studies of change over time have combined individuals into groups for analysis, which is inappropriate in most, if not all, studies of development. The authors explain how to identify appropriate levels of analysis (individual vs. group) and demonstrate how to estimate changes in developmental processes over time using a multivariate nonstationary time series model. They apply this model to describe the changing relationships between a biological son and father and a stepson and stepfather at the individual level. The authors also explain how to use an extended Kalman filter with iteration and smoothing estimator to capture how dynamics change over time. Finally, they suggest further applications of the multivariate nonstationary time series model and detail the next steps in the development of statistical models used to analyze individual-level data. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of oxidation behaviours among three Fe–Cr based alloys for solid oxide fuel cell interconnect

Abstract

Two metallic alloys, containing comparable amounts of Cr, underwent oxidation in hot air simulating (the solid oxide fuel cell cathode atmosphere) for various periods. The results demonstrated that the oxidation kinetics of Crofer22 APU and equivalent ZMG232 followed the parabolic rate law and oxidation rates increased with temperature. Typical oxidation rates of Crofer22 APU and ZMG232 upon annealing treatment are approximately 0·21 orders of magnitude lower than that of ZMG232. An oxide scale electron probe microanalyser, a scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffractometer were adopted to verify the applicability of Fe–Cr based alloys in the solid oxide fuel cell interconnect component. Two alloys contain comparable amount of Cr, Mn and Fe, and their surface oxides as analysed are indicated to be Cr₂O₃ and (Mn,Fe)Cr₂O₄ spinel compound. In summary, Crofer22 APU had the best oxidation resistance of any of the alloys of interest.     

微型机在动态计量中的应用——ICL-650B电子皮带秤

本文探讨了构成电子皮带秤专用微型机硬件及软件的结构特点。文中给出了消除电子皮带秤动态误差的方法,这是实现动态计量的关键。     

一种理性的建筑设计与评价视角——应用分形的建筑设计尝试

分形是对欧几里德几何体系的拓展和深化,其本质却是一种新的世界观和方法论.借助分形原理,人们一方面可以作为建筑设计的依据和手段,使建筑更加贴近自然和人性.另一方面,分形可对建筑进行量化的评价,这些无疑为建筑设计和评价提供了更科学的标准.     

Existence of triple positive solutions of two-point right focal boundary value problems on time scales

We consider the following boundary value problem, (−1)ⁿ⁻¹y^Δn(t)=(−1)^p+1F(t,y(σⁿ⁻¹(t))),t[a,b]∩T, y^Δn(a)=0,0≤i≤p−1, y^Δn(σ(b))=0,p≤i≤n−1,where n ≥ 2, 1 ≤ p ≤ n - 1 is fixed and T is a time scale. By applying fixed-point theorems for operators on a cone, existence criteria are developed for triple positive solutions of the boundary value problem. We also include examples to illustrate the usefulness of the results obtained.