基于Nios Ⅱ的CCD采集系统的设计

设计了一种在NiosⅡ处理器上的CCD数据采集系统。电荷耦合器件（Charge—Coupled Device,CCD）采集到的信号经过前端的差分运放处理后再进行A／D转换,转换后的数据存储于外部SDRAM中,被读取后显示在LCD上。本文重点介绍了各器件的电路设计和驱动程序的编写。实践表明,该设计成本低,实时性较高。     

Response of rainfed bread and durum wheat to source,level and timing of nitrogen fertilizer on two Ethiopian Vertisols: II. N uptake,recovery and efficiency

In trials conducted at 2 highland Vertisol sites in Ethiopia in 1990 and 1991, 2 locally popular wheat cultivars, 1 spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and 1 durum wheat (T. durum Desf.), were supplied with nitrogen (N) fertilizer at 0, 60 and 120 kg N ha^–1 in the form of large granular urea (LGU), standard urea prills or ammonium sulfate. N was applied all at sowing, all at mid-tillering or split-applied between these two stages (1/3:2/3). While durum wheat exhibited the highest N concentration in grain and straw, bread wheat, because of its higher productivity, resulted in a greater grain and total N uptake. In general, split application of N and use of LGU as N source enhanced grain and total N uptake, apparent N recovery and agronomic efficiency of N, particularly under severe water-logging stress. Where significant, the interactions among the experimental factors substantiated the superior responsiveness of the bread wheat cultivar to fertilizer N, and the beneficial effects of split N application and LGU as an N source. Split application of N tended to nullify the positive effects of LGU, presumably by approximating the delayed release of N achieved with LGU. Considering the potential benefits to Ethiopian peasant farmers and consumers, split application of N should be advocated, particularly on water-logged Vertisols; LGU could be an advantageous N source assuming a cost comparable to the conventional N source urea.     

交通信号控制仿真系统

介绍一个交通信号灯配时方案仿真系统的设计开发过程,该系统以基于MapX建立的GIS为仿真界面,在Visual Studio 2010编程环境下应用C#语言实现。对系统各模块的功能以及设计实现的关键技术与原理进行详细论述,建立一个能够与用户充分交互的、模拟实现用户配时方案并将评估参数反馈给用户的仿真控制环境。测试实验表明,该系统能够在一定程度上按照用户意愿进行较为真实客观的仿真,并且能够提供较为准确的评估结果,验证了系统的有效性。     

The Cerebellum according to the Ouroboros Model,the ＂Interpolator Hypothesis＂

The Ouroboros Model offers a novel cognitive architecture with an algorithmic backbone of iterative and self-referential processing. All memory content is organized into meaningful pieces of data, i.e.,chunks and schemata, which are laid down as a kind of snapshots of all activations at a relevant point in time. This entails a grainy structure of memory content. Whereas a core process of ＂consumption＂ analysis can naturally be defined taking advantage of this parcellation, it necessitates interpolation for fine nuances, especially for the representation of intermediate values during transients. It is argued that, in the vertebrate brain, essential interpolation functionality is provided by the cerebellum. Findings concerning movement control and perception as well as the involvement of the cerebellum in more abstract, cognitive, tasks can be interpreted as reflecting a function of the cerebellum as a co-processor, i.e., a general-purpose interpolator. The cerebellum is thus boosting representations in cerebral cortex areas, which are reciprocally connected with cerebellar cortex areas. In this paper, it is sketched how the new ＂interpolator hypothesis＂ can explain manifold observations, effectively subsuming previous theories of the function of the cerebellum. Directly relating to the BICA challenge, a general-purpose interpolator is postulated as an efficient device providing fine-grained resolution for the representation of diverse content, potentially useful in any cognitive architecture.     

软弱破碎围岩隧道二衬施作的合理时机判别研究

为了合理判别软弱破碎围岩隧道的二衬施作时机,结合工程实践,通过洞室拱顶沉降和边墙变形收敛的现场监控量测,提出了利用围岩-初支系统变形实测数据判别软弱破碎围岩隧道二衬施作合理时机的考虑支护是否保守的五级速率比值法并研发了相应的软件,并通过工程实例进行了成功验证。研究表明：1研制的软件操作具有界面简洁、友好,以及操作简单易用的特点,具有测点围岩-初支系统位移和收敛的现场监测数据的录入、储存、修改和管理等功能,能方便地进行软弱破碎围岩隧道的二衬合理时机判别;2通过工程实例验证分析表明,提出的方法是可行的,与现行的二衬时机选择的方法本质上是相同的,但更加具有可操作性,研究成果可以为同类型隧道的二衬时机选择提供可资借鉴的方法。     

混合交通下右转机动车信号配时方法

为了减少右转机动车与直行自行车之间的干扰,提高交叉口的运行效率,本文分析了两相位信号控制交叉口右转机动车与自行车之间的冲突规律以及自行车交通流的行驶特性,确定设置右转机动车信号的直行自行车流量临界值.以减少冲突和提高交叉口运行效率为目标,确定右转机动车相位绿灯起亮时刻和绿灯时长,并建立了相应的参数标定模型.以实际调查数据为基础,应用VISSIM模拟软件进行模拟验证,结果表明,设置右转机动车信号后,右转机动车延误和机非冲突明显减少.     

汽车发动机正时链系统设计方法

为深入研究发动机正时链系统,分析了汽车链的服役条件及其主要失效形式,阐述汽车链的选择与计算方法,导出了汽车链垂度和链长的解析表达式,研究了张紧器工作行程以及张紧板、导向板曲率半径和长度的设计准则,提出了汽车发动机正时链系统的设计方法.试验研究表明,该设计计算方法对于自主研发汽车发动机正时链系统具有重要意义.     

基于北斗卫星的广播电视授时系统研究

在广播电视系统中,标准时间占有重要的位置,是安全播出的前提条件.目前,广播电视中心常利用GPS授时来获取标准时间,GPS授时存在手段单一和我国没有自主控制权两方面问题.本系统基于我国自主研发的北斗卫星获取标准时间,并与本地实验室时间进行校准,实现全台时间同步.目前北斗卫星在广播电视系统中的应用基本上还是空白.因此,此项研究对改变国外的卫星授时系统垄断我国市场的状况,保证我国的信息安全,具有重要意义.     

信号配时对交通排放影响的仿真分析及优化

以新乡市典型平面交叉口——平原路与劳动路交叉口为例,借助于仿真软件,真实再现了交通流运行情况,从定量的角度分析信号配时对交通排放的影响,并提出两种解决方案,为改善该交叉口交通环境恶劣和交通拥挤提供了切实可行的依据。     

船载时间统一系统GPS跳秒问题研究与改进

介绍了船载时间统一系统的组成和GPS模块的工作原理。指出了现有时间统一系统存在的GPS跳秒问题。针对船载时间统一系统GPS跳秒问题,建立FTA故障树分析模型,分析故障底事件,定位了GPS跳秒问题的故障部位是GPS定时接收机,并深入分析GPS接收机关于闰秒的相关原理,进一步精确定位了GPS跳秒问题的原因是GPS接收机的闰秒修正软件算法存在缺陷。为了解决该问题,采用在GPS解码程序中增加GPS跳秒检测机制的方法,检测GPS芯片是否发生跳秒现象来避免产生器误同步,从而避免GPS跳秒问题导致的系统时间异常。通过搭建GPS模块程序验证平台和设计GPS验证测试软件进行测试,结果表明改进后的GPS解码程序在检测到GPS定时接收机跳秒后,能使GPS定时接收机复位,并设置GPS信息不可用,避免产生器误同步,从而有效解决了GPS跳秒问题。