CEPA协议实施对内地石油石化业的影响

通过解读CEPA协议,论述其对两地经贸关系的推动作用,着重分析有关货物贸易和服务贸易自由化的具体承诺对内地石油石化业的影响。     

信息技术在电费管理中的应用

传统的电费管理方式既降低了电费资金的归集速度,影响了工作效率,已不能适应企业发展的需要。阐述了自动化抄表技术、短信平台电费提醒、银行卡代扣电费、电子化托收电费等技术在电费管理中的应用,认为电费管理信息化具有可观的效益。     

钢铁企业节电节能措施及效果

电力紧张和电价上涨,使钢铁企业面临更大挑战。介绍钢铁企业的用电状况,通过调整生产结构、需量控制技术,改善工序、优化电网结构、绿色照明等措施可以实现钢铁企业节电增效。     

浅析电网电价提高对厦门电力销售市场的影响

针对2008年7月1日福建省电网电价水平适当提高的情形,调查了解电价提高给典型电力客户带来新增的电费成本,根据客户万元产值新增电费和年度预多支付电费金额的大小等级,分析电价调整对厦门市电力销售市场的影响程度。     

Review on Development of Chinese Power Industry in 2002-2006

The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held inNovember 2002. In the five years since then, great changes took place in Chinesepower industry. Power institutional reform was deepened; the construction ofboth power sources and power grids was speeded up; the tense situation of powersupply and demand was alleviated; the safety and reliability of power productionwere improved; the management on power tariff was standardized; environmentalprotection and energy conservation achieved good r...     

分时电价下多目标绿色可重入混合流水车间调度

针对多目标绿色可重入混合流水车间调度问题（RHFSP）的特点，在机器分配和工序排序的基础上引入分时电价机制，构建了以最小化最大完工时间、总能耗成本和碳排放为目标的绿色调度优化模型，提出了一种改进的多目标文化基因算法（MOMA）来求解该问题，通过数值实验验证了所设计的MOMA算法的可行性。实验结果表明MOMA算法在非劣解的收敛性、多样性和支配性指标方面都显著优于多目标蚁狮优化算法(MOALO)、多目标粒子群优化算法（MOPSO）和带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法（NSGA-Ⅱ），四种算法的分布性指标无显著差异。所提出的模型能够使企业有效避开高电价时段作业，合理转移用电负荷，达到降低总用电成本和碳排放的目的。     

Application of Hyper-Spherical Search algorithm for optimal energy resources dispatch in residential microgrids

This paper presents a residential hybrid thermal/electrical grid-connected home energy system (HES), including a fuel-cell with combined heat and power and a battery-based energy storage system. The minimum operation cost of this integrated energy system is achieved by proper scheduling of different energy resources, found by applying a new powerful optimization algorithm, the Hyper-Spherical Search (HSS) algorithm, to the system's scheduling problem. This is the first time that HSS is used to face the energy resource dispatch problem. The HSS has been only tested in mathematical problems in the previous study. The optimization procedure generates an efficient look-up table in which the powers generated by different energy resources are determined for all time intervals. The effect of different electricity tariffs for purchasing electricity from the main grid on the operation costs of the system is investigated. Moreover, a battery is properly dispatched in the energy system to decrease the operation costs. A real load demand is used in the simulation. The results of HSS are compared with the harmony search algorithm and the colonial competitive algorithm to show the power and effectiveness of HSS to find the optimal dispatch strategy of energy resources for the first time. This is the first time that HSS is compared with CCA. The results of this paper are expected to contribute to home energy systems and real projects.     

Analysis of distributed-generation photovoltaic deployment,installation time and cost,market barriers,and policies in China

Beginning in 2013, China's photovoltaic (PV) market-development strategy witnessed a series of policy changes aimed at making distributed-generation PV (DG PV) development an equal priority with large-scale PV development. This article reviews the DG PV policy changes since 2013 and examines their effect on China's domestic DG PV market. Based on a 2014 survey of DG PV market and policy participants, we present cost and time breakdowns for installing DG PV projects in China, and we identify the main barriers to DG PV installation. We also use a cash flow model to determine the relative economic attractiveness of DG PV in several eastern provinces in China. The main factors constraining DG PV deployment in China include financial barriers resulting from the structure of the self-consumption feed-in tariff (FIT), ambivalence about DG PV within grid companies, complicated ownership structures for buildings/rooftops/businesses, and the inherent time lag in policy implementation from the central government to provincial and local governments. We conclude with policy implications and suggestions in the context of DG PV policy changes the Chinese government implemented in September 2014.     

Reverse channel selection decisions with a joint third-party recycler

In recent years, Internet-based firms have been increasingly engaged in recycling used products, taking advantage of economies of scale by serving a number of manufacturers. However, most studies on the recycling channel of remanufacturing to date only consider the case of a single manufacturer in a closed-loop supply chain. To address this gap, we develop a Stackelberg game model and show that the joint third-party (J3P) collection mode serving multiple manufacturers may outperform individual retailer- and manufacturer-managed modes, as opposed to existing findings considering a single manufacturer. It is optimal for manufacturers to authorise a large-scale J3P to collect used products. In addition, we show that the J3P can design a two-part tariff contract for the manufacturers to overcome the double marginalisation and collective action problems in decentralised supply chains. Our results provide guidance for enterprises and the government on recycling decisions in the era of a network economy.     

Supply chain coordination with two-part tariffs under information asymmetry

Supply chain coordination literature indicates that two-part tariff contracts cannot coordinate a supply chain with a supplier and a retailer under information asymmetry, but can coordinate the channel under full information, while leaving the retailer zero profit. Motivated by the practice of Costco Business Centres, we incorporate customer heterogeneity, near-saturated retail market and asymmetric information into a stylised model. The retailer has the knowledge of customer heterogeneity while the supplier does not. The supplier, on the other hand, designs a menu of two-part tariffs for the retailer to choose from. We have found that two-part tariffs can coordinate the supply chain under asymmetric information, while leaving the retailer a positive profit. In addition, a one-size-fits-all two-part tariff can coordinate the supply chain at equilibrium, i.e. there is no need for the supplier to design different two-part tariffs for the retailer who may possess different types of information.