T91与12Cr1MoVG异种钢焊接工艺的优化

针对T91钢(马氏体)与12Cr1Mo VG钢(珠光体)异种钢在技术培训、实际焊接生产中的应用,根据生产经验以及相关实验数据,从异种钢的组织、性能、焊接性、操作要点等方面入手,进行了深入、细致的分析,提出了一套行之有效的焊接工艺,并通过实际工艺评定,得到了满意的焊接接头、性能指标,保证了T91与12Cr1Mo VG异种钢管材的焊接质量.     

建筑用抗震钢HRB400EⅢ级钢筋焊接接头的低周疲劳性能

采用轴向应变控制方法,在MTS809拉扭复合疲劳试验机上开展了HRB400EⅢ级钢筋母材及焊接接头的低周疲劳试验,获得了母材及焊接接头的低周疲劳性能,如循环应力响应特征、循环应力-应变关系以及寿命预测公式等.通过断口电镜扫描发现,HRB400EⅢ级钢筋焊接接头的裂纹萌生于试件表面,且存在多处裂纹源.研究结果表明,焊接接头与母材的低周疲劳寿命及微观断裂机理方面均存在明显差异,并从力学性能变化的角度对引起差异的原因进行了解释.     

Q345B母材及其焊接接头的低周疲劳行为

对Q345B及其光滑焊接接头的低周疲劳行为进行了试验研究.采用轴向对称应变控制方法,保持恒定应变速率为0.005 s-1,在0.3％～0.7％的应变范围内,在电液伺服疲劳试验机上测定了Q345B及其光滑焊接接头的低周循环应力响应特征、应变-寿命、应变-能量关系,并进行了对比分析.结果显示,Q345B母材在应变幅度低于和高于0.4％时分别呈现明显的循环软化和硬化现象,而焊接接头出现显著的硬化现象.与母材相比,焊接接头的低周转变寿命、疲劳强度和疲劳寿命明显减小.通过试验数据确定了Q345母材及其焊接接头Coflin-Manson关系的合理参数,建立了应变幅度-疲劳寿命及能量-寿命关系式.力学不均匀性引起的循环硬化趋势增加是导致焊接接头低周疲劳性能减低的主要原因.     

广西贵港供水管网调度系统改造方案

近年来,随着城市供水管网的不断扩大,为保证供水的安全性及可靠性,需对整个供水管网进行整体的压力、流量、余氯、浊度等水质监控。监控系统采用无线通信方式,它具有投资较少、建设周期短、运行维护简单、性价比高等优点。在监控系统中,稳定可靠的无线通信方式目前最主要为4G、GPRS、CDMA等通讯方式。     

振华重工研发船舶动力定位系统完成首船试验

由中国交通建设集团有限公司所属上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司自主研发的船舶动力定位系统在长江口流域完成首次实船试验。船舶动力定位系统是现代工程船舶、豪华客轮、军用舰艇及现代海洋平台等海洋工程装备的必备系统,长期以来被国外少数几家企业垄断,严重制约了我国海工装备的自主发展。振华重工     

扁平钢箱梁U肋焊接残余应力数值模拟分析

已建成的扁平钢箱梁桥在运营过程中发现一些与结构、构造和制造相关的病害,并且随着服役时间的增长越来越突出。其原因是扁平钢箱梁结构采用薄板组焊而成,因此,扁平钢箱梁在未受力之前,便已存在着由于焊接所产生的应力场和变形场, 导致扁平钢箱梁普遍出现裂纹等病害。运用热结构耦合法对扁平钢箱梁U肋与桥面板交接处焊接的温度场和应力场进行数值模拟计算分析,并得到焊接残余应力的分布规律,为进一步分析结构病害与加固设计提供依据。     

Monel-400合金板焊接温度场有限元分析

利用ANSYS有限元分析软件,根据钨极氩弧焊焊接特点,建立了高斯衰减热源模型,并在一定厚度、一定焊接工艺条件下对Monel-400合金板焊接温度场进行了模拟计算。模拟结果分析得到：利用高斯旋转热源在焊接过程中形成了长度为12 mm,宽度为7 mm,深度为5 mm的熔池。熔池上表面与下表面温度相差约620℃,热影响区节点温度随到焊缝中心距离的增加而不断减小。模拟结果表明改进后的热源模型与实际焊接较为吻合,有利于提高焊接温度场的模拟计算精度。     

GAAS80焊机焊接U76CrRE钢轨工艺研究

分析了GAAS80/580焊接原理,结合GAAS80闪光焊机焊接工艺特点,制定了U76CrRE钢轨的焊接工艺。采用落锤试验检验焊头质量,并对断口形貌进行扫描,能谱分析表明,断口缺陷处低熔点共晶硫化物的形成是裂纹产生的主要原因。在此基础上优化焊接工艺参数,降低预热阶段的电压、减小烧化阶段的位移、提高烧化阶段的闪光速度。优化后的U76CrRE钢轨焊接工艺通过了落锤试验,各项力学性能符合铁道部钢轨焊接标准的相关要求。     

Effects of laser heat treatment on the fracture morphologies of X80 pipeline steel welded joints by stress corrosion

The surfaces of X80 pipeline steel welded joints were processed with a CO2 laser, and the effects of laser heat treatment （LHT） on H2S stress corrosion in the National Association of Corrosion Engineers （NACE） solution were analyzed by a slow strain rate test. The fracture morphologies and chemical components of corrosive products before and after LHT were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy, respectively, and the mechanism of LHT on stress corrosion cracking was discussed. Results showed that the fracture for welded joints was brittle in its original state, while it was transformed to a ductile fracture after LHT. The tendencies of hydrogen-induced corrosion were reduced, and the stress corrosion sensitivity index decreased from 35.2% to 25.3%, indicating that the stress corrosion resistance of X80 pipeline steel welded joints has been improved by LHT.     

Simulation of hydrogen diffusion in welded joint of X80 pipeline steel

Hydrogen diffusion coefficients of different regions in the welded joint of X80 pipeline steel were measured using the electro-chemical permeation technique. Using ABAQUS software, hydrogen diffusion in X80 pipeline steel welded joint was studied in consideration of the inhomogeneity of the welding zone, and temperature-dependent thermo-physical and mechanical properties of the metals. A three dimensional finite element model was developed and a coupled thermo-mechanical-diffusion analysis was performed. Hydrogen concentration distribution across the welded joint was obtained. It is found that the postweld residual hydrogen exhibits a non-uniform distribution across the welded joint. A maximum equivalent stress occurs in the immediate vicinity of the weld metal. The heat affected zone has the highest hydrogen concentration level, followed by the weld zone and the base metal.Simulation results are well consistent with theoretical analysis.