车内空气质量检测仪研制

为解决已有车内气体检测仪灵活性差,检测参数单一和气体传感器功耗大等问题,研制了一种车内空气质量检测仪.检测仪包括无线检测器和无线显示控制器,二者相互独立,无线连接,无线检测器利用传感器阵列采集车内环境信息,通过无线单片机进行数据运算和无线通信;无线显示控制器利用LCD显示器显示检测结果,并通过按键控制传感器电源,减小功耗.实验表明检测仪可有效、实时检测车内温湿度,颗粒物、VOCs、CO2和CO参数浓度状态,并依据浓度状态提示报警,检测位置选择灵活,操作方便,具有较高的应用推广价值.     

Effects of combustor size and filling condition on stability limits of premixed H2‐air flames in planar microcombustors

An experimental study on stability limits of premixed hydrogen‐air flames in planar microcombustors (H = 1 mm and 1.5 mm) partially filled with porous medium is carried out, focusing on the effects of combustor sizes and filling conditions. Critical conditions for blow‐off, flashback, and breaking through the porous medium are experimentally measured. The blow‐off limits are nearly independent of combustor sizes and filling conditions, while the flashback limits are strongly influenced by the combustor size and the filling conditions. Critical values for breaking through are identified with two different methods, and it is shown that standing combustion waves are settled over a range of velocities, instead of a fixed value of filtration velocity, which is considered an important characteristic of microcombustion. Most results can be explained by the classic boundary velocity gradient theory by von Elbe and Lewis, and thus the validity of the theory to the present channel spacings is confirmed. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 2571–2580, 2015     

300MW直接空冷机组空冷系统增容改造分析

为了提高机组真空度,改善机组运行经济性,某火电厂300 MW直接空冷机组进行了空冷系统增设空冷散热器的增容改造.改造后,夏季平均工况下汽轮机排汽压力为17.8 kPa,比改造前设计排汽压力(24.9 kPa)降低了7.1 kPa.对比分析了改造效果,认为增容改造有利于降低汽轮机运行背压,提高了机组运行经济性.     

金属-空气电池中空气电极的研究进展

介绍了清洁高效的金属空气电池的基本原理、结构以及特点.空气电极由防水透气层、活性催化层以及集流体组成,分别解释了它们的基本功能与原理.综述了近些年来空气电极的研究进展,并对不同的空气电极制备工艺及其性能进行了详细讨论.介绍了不同种类氧还原反应(ORR)催化剂的催化性能,展望了今后空气电极及其催化剂的发展方向.     

基于改进型ANFIS的矿用空压机故障诊断系统

考虑到矿用空压机在长期运行过程中容易由多种因素复合共同作用而出现各种故障,且产生故障的原因和故障之间表现出非线性关系难以用数学模型表达等问题,建立基于改进型自适应神经模糊推理系统的故障诊断系统。该系统采用附加动量算法不断修正自适应神经模糊推理系统中的前题参数以避免采用梯度下降算法时易陷入局部极小,训练速度较慢等缺点,提高系统的忽略网络中微小变化的能力。为了验证该故障诊断系统的性能,将其与基于BP神经网络的故障诊断系统相比较。分析与实验结果表明,改进型ANFIS模型的诊断输出与实际情况完全相符,最大误差为13.7%,最小误差为0.17%,其诊断准确度达到95.85%,在训练速度、误差精度以及收敛性等方面,其性能优于BP神经网络。     

MATLAB求解电液伺服阀的流量特性曲线

针对电液伺服阀的传统设计方法和思路的盲目性,分析了永磁动铁式力矩电机的结构及工作原理,然后根据伺服阀的结构原理对力矩电机、衔铁组件、喷嘴挡板阀、滑阀等进行数学分析,建立了伺服阀的完整数学模型,并根据需要进行相应的简化,最后利用MATLAB软件进行数值求解,研究力矩电机等主要结构参数对伺服阀阶跃响应的影响,获得了伺服阀的完整数学模型,为建模仿真提供了理论依据;通过数值仿真运算,得知在力矩电机的结构参数中,零位气隙长度和永久磁铁导磁系数对伺服阀的瞬态响应及稳定值的影响较大,其余参数的影响也不能忽视,研究工作为力矩电机的设计和伺服阀的优化提供了参考。     

Performance Evaluation of Compressed Air Energy Storage Using TRNSYS

The appreciable economic growth in some of the developing countries like India in the recent years, towards providing energy security causes large environmental impact. Renewable Energy (RE) is being seen as one of the important means to meet the growing power needs of the economy while enhancing energy security and providing opportunities for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. However, RE sources are highly intermittent in nature. The variability of these sources has led to concerns regarding the reliability of an electric grid that derives a large fraction of its energy from these sources as well as the cost of reliably integrating large amounts of variable generation into the electric grid. Hence at this juncture, it is necessary to explore the benefits of suitable Energy storage technologies. Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is a commercial, utility-scale technology that provides long-duration energy storage with fast ramp rates and good part-load operation. It is a promising storage technology for balancing the large-scale penetration of renewable energies, such as wind and solar power, into electric grids. Considering the potential of CAES storage, the present work, a thermodynamic model is developed with suitable assumptions and the simulation analysis is performed using transient system simulation (TRNSYS) v17 software. The system performance is compared by considering the recovery during the heat of compression using a thermal storage system and without considering the heat recovery. The overall turnaround efficiency of the system without considering the thermal energy storage (TES) system is 57% and with TES system the efficiency is increased to 70%.     

新型替代制冷剂房间空调器系统特性实验研究

最近几年HFO类新型制冷剂、R32以及二者组成的混合物因其较低的温室效应系数逐渐为行业所重视。本文对比了R410A及其潜在替代物R32、R447A三种制冷剂在不同转速、不同室外温度下的房间空调器系统的运行特性,发现与R410A相比,R32和R447A均具有更高的能效;相同压缩机排量下,R32具有较高的制冷能力及排气温度,而R447A在高温工况以及高转速下具有一定优势。