Relationship between chemical degradation and thickness loss of an amine-cured epoxy coating exposed to different UV environments

The relationship between chemical degradation and thickness loss of an unpigmented, non UV-stabilized, crosslinked amine-cured epoxy coating exposed to three UV conditions was investigated. Spin-coated samples having a thickness of approximately 7 μm on an Si substrate were prepared from a stochiometric mixture of a bisphenol A epoxy resin and a tetra-functional amine curing agent. Samples were exposed outdoors and to two accelerated laboratory UV environments. Chemical degradation and thickness loss were measured by transmission Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIRS) and laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), respectively. In addition, surface roughness and morphological changes were measured by atomic forcemicrosocopy (AFM) and LSCM. Substantial chemical degradation, thickness loss, and morpholocal changes occurred in the exposed films, and the rate of chemical degradation was greater than that due to the thickness loss. This additional chemical loss was attributed to an inhomogeneous degradation process in which nanoscale localized depressions initiate at certain sites on the surface, which then enlarge and deepen with exposure time. The results of this study provide a better understanding of the degradation mechanism and should lead to the development of scientific-based models for predicting the service life of crosslinked amine-cured epoxy coatings. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL     

建筑陶瓷的装桢与软件复用技术的应用——三维虚拟展示系统的开发

在软件复用基本理论和技术的基础上，阐述了软件体系结构对软件复用的意义，提出了基于软件体系的软件复用开发方法以及在建筑陶瓷三维虚拟展示系统开发过程中的应用。     

An exploratory study on ontology engineering for software architecture documentation

The usefulness of Software Architecture (SA) documentation depends on how well its Architectural Knowledge (AK) can be retrieved by the stakeholders in a software project. Recent findings show that the use of ontology-based SA documentation is promising. However, different roles in software development have different needs for AK, and building an ontology to suit these needs is challenging. In this paper we describe an approach to build an ontology for SA documentation. This approach involves the use of typical questions for eliciting and constructing an ontology. We outline eight contextual factors, which influence the successful construction of an ontology, especially in complex software projects with diverse AK users. We tested our ‘typical question’ approach in a case study and report how it can be used for acquiring and modeling AK needs.     

Enantiospecific synthesis fromd-fructose of (2S,5R)- and (2R,5R)-2-methyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane [the odor bouquet minor components ofParavespula vulgaris (L.)]

The synthesis of (2S,5R)-(1) and (2R,5R)-2-methyl-1,6-dioxaspiro [4.5]decane (2) from (2RS,5R,8R,9R,10S)-8,9,10-trihydroxy-2-methyl-1, 6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane (8), obtained in five steps fromd-fructose using Wittig's methodology, reduction, and spiroketalation, has been accomplished by a Corey dideoxygenation at C-8,9, followed by a Barton deoxygenation at C-10, of the appropriately protected derivatives.Enantiospecific synthesis of spirocetals. Part V. For Part IV, see Izquierdo et al. (1992).     

Enantiospecific synthesis of (R)-1,7-dioxaspiro [5.5]undecane [major component of olive fruit fly (Dacus Oleae) sex pheromone] from d-Fructose

The synthesis of the title compound13 has been carried out through the preparation of its precursor, (3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane (6), obtained fromd-fructose using Wittig's methodology, reduction, and spiroketalation. Compound6 was transformed into13 by a Barton deoxygenation at C-5 followed by a Corey dideoxygenation at C-3,4 of the appropriately protected derivatives.Enantiospecific synthesis of spiroacetals. Part II. For Part I, see Izquierdo and Plaza (1990).     

艺术设计类职业教育以半工半读实现工学结合模式的探讨

艺术设计类职业教育中校园主体地位在政策和市场基础中的转变。职业院校应该自身完成从传统教育到现代实战化教育的转型。教师结构和教师教学策略上针对体系改革的调整。我国教育在整体宏观上的调整实际上针对艺术设计类职业教育的改革还需更为大胆和深入的研究,从政府整体对于职业学院校中艺术设计类企业化教学和运营模式应给与足够的重视和引导,并正确的认识学校企业化在市场中的合理地位;正确评估职业院校、尤其是学生在艺术设计行业中的重要价值;从而在市场竞争中给予职业院校和学生合理的扶植。这样才能作为坚强后盾,支撑“半工半读”的工学一体化模式,实现学生学习和就业的合理融合。     

伦勃朗的艺术世界与17世纪的阿姆斯特丹

文章是笔者从2010年以来,考察艺术家风格的形成、经历的变迁与艺术家所在的周围的社会环境、文化土壤之间关系的系列文之一。此文的主角是17世纪巴洛克艺术时期世界著名的艺术大师,荷兰画家伦勃朗。考察他所坚持的绘画风格与阿姆斯特丹这所城市之间发生的各种冲突。伦勃朗一生中所有的酸甜苦辣及爱恨交加,他事业的成功、生活的开始落魄,都源于这所城市。     

明式风格在当代家具设计中的应用

明代是我国家具设计发展的一个巅峰时代,明代家具作为中国古典家具中极具代表性的一个类别,其实用价值以及艺术成就都是非常可观的。作为我国优秀的传统技艺,明式风格的家具设计即使是在当代也有着其一定的应用意义。文章根据明式家具的具体特征,对明式风格的家具设计在当代的应用做出研究。     

岭南传统建筑装饰中广府陶塑与潮汕嵌瓷的初探与比较

广府和潮汕同是岭南文化的主体,但又都是独立的文化分支,在建筑及其装饰上也各有特色和侧重。文章就岭南传统建筑中广府地区的陶塑装饰和潮汕地区的嵌瓷装饰予以介绍并比较,找出区别与文化间的共通处,并希望在当下社会语境中这些传统建筑装饰能被更多人重新审视。     

论湖北传统民居建筑装饰视觉文化资本的艺术生产与消费关系——以武汉市黄陂大余湾传统民居建筑装饰为例

湖北传统民居建筑装饰图形的艺术生产是一种客观的、有目的的、感性、对象化的实践;本文通过作为文化资本的湖北传统民居建筑装饰图形艺术生产与消费关系的分析,旨在探明这种特殊的文化资本在其艺术生产与消费实践中文化资本积累的动态过程。