电动汽车用驱动电机测试平台多功能电源系统

电动汽车的驱动电机可以选用直流电机、感应电机和永磁同步电机等,这些电机进行测试时所需的馈电系统不同,无法在同一实验平台上进行试验。为此,开发了一个共直流母线的电动汽车用驱动电机系统测试平台,该测试平台能在不同电源工作模式下对不同电机进行试验。重点研发了适用于电动汽车驱动电机测试的多功能试验电源,该电源采用了交直流共用主回路拓扑结构分时输出,三重化DC/DC的直流调制策略和SVPWM过调制的交流调制策略,使得驱动电机系统测试平台不仅具有较高的能量利用率,还能适用于多种不同类型的驱动电机测试。最后,实验证明了所开发的驱动电机系统测试平台的可行性。     

基于ISSA-Fuzzy-PID算法的无刷直流电机调速控制系统

为了使无刷直流电机(BLDCM)从复杂多变的非线性关系中找出最佳PID参数,提出了一种基于改进麻雀算法(ISSA)优化模糊(fuzzy)控制的调速系统。根据BLDCM工作原理及控制方法在MATLAB平台上搭建仿真模型并加入反向学习策略初始化麻雀种群,形成非线性时变控制系统,并将该优化系统与传统PID以及模糊PID(fuzzy-PID)控制系统进行对比分析。仿真结果表明,基于ISSA-Fuzzy-PID的调速控制系统有较快的动态响应,有效增强了BLDCM转速控制的精度和鲁棒性。     

A systematic review of robust control strategies in DC microgrids

This paper provides a comprehensive and systematic review of robust control strategies in DC microgrids. Microgrids gain worldwide attention in decades regarding its effective and feasible integration of distributed generations (DGs). Getting rid of frequency synchronization and reactive power problem, the DC microgrid is superior to its ac counterparts in stability, flexibility and complexity. The recent efforts were mainly directed toward developing the feasibility of implementing DC microgrids on kinds of specific application scenarios. DC microgrids design-related aspects such as the system architecture and topology, voltage levels, operation and control framework, stability analysis method, and protection challenge have been studied in a deep degree. In this paper, operation and control framework in both grid-connected (grid-forming) mode and islanding (grid-following) mode will be focused, to provide the guideline where we currently stand on the migration path from the overwhelming fully AC microgrids to a more flexible DC microgrids. Besides, the impediments against stability and effectiveness of DC microgrids and representatively proposed solutions will be discussed.     

离网式光伏电解制氢系统供电单元设计技术探讨

可再生能源制氢是促进新能源电力消纳、实现零碳氢能的重要方式。与并网制氢模式相比,光伏离网制氢具有成本低、部署灵活的优点。以离网光伏电解水制氢系统为研究对象,对比了光伏并网制氢与光伏离网制氢的不同,讲述了3种制氢电解槽与可再生能源结合的适用性。重点阐述了基于碱性电解水制氢设备的离网制氢系统结构设计、电解槽的光伏直流供电单元设计、制氢辅助系统交流供电单元设计、安全供电控制单元设计,分析了系统设计和控制过程中应重点关注的问题。储能的容量配置方法和双备份的可靠供电方法为离网式光伏制氢系统提供了技术参考。     

A portable multifunctional power box

In this study, we used a microcontroller to provide and control power to multiple sources using the highly efficient energy storage provided by the direct current (DC) bus of a lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄) battery. Through multiple loops, high-efficiency buck and boost conversion, and DC-to-alternating current (AC) conversion, the power box can quickly and simultaneously provide three sets of voltage outputs, 5-V DC, 19–22-V DC, and 110-V AC, to different electronic devices. Multiple sets of conversion output voltages were achieved using multiple sets of conversion circuits, in parallel to the DC bus. Compared with a single conversion output voltage, the multiple sets of conversion output voltages from the energy storage battery had a higher practicability. For a single output voltage, the battery provided a suitable voltage to different electric devices via a substage converter, thus lowering the overall conversion efficiency. For practical applications such as camping, blackouts, long journeys, emergencies, and rescues, the multiple sets of converted voltage outputs offer substantial functional convenience. For safety control, we used a single-chip controller to quickly detect various overcurrent situations.     

DC流对液氦温区斯特林型脉管制冷机的影响

理论研究表明DC流(Direct Current flow)存在于大多数双向进气结构的脉管制冷机中。开展了10 K以下多级斯特林脉管的实验研究,考察了在液氦温区斯特林脉管内直流流动对制冷机性能影响的规律。在采用双向进气结构对DC流流向及流量适当控制时,制冷机性能得到明显提升,在8—7 K温区适当的DC流下冷端由7.42 K降低至7.16 K。     

N-polar GaN基HEMT准二维电荷传输模型仿真

建立了氮极性(N-polar)GaN基HEMT器件的准二维(Quasi-2-D)电荷传输模型,仿真研究了N-polar GaN基HEMT的直流特性。仿真结果表明,不同的极化效应会对输出特性曲线和转移特性曲线产生不同的影响,考虑自发极化效应(Psp)+压电极化效应(Ppe)、只考虑Ppe和只考虑Psp三种情况下的阈值电压分别为:-3.96V、-2.29V和-2.47V,而其对应的峰值跨导则分别为44mS/mm、41.2mS/mm和41.3mS/mm。该模型为N-polar GaN基HEMT器件仿真提供了理论参考。     

金刚石自支撑膜的高温红外透过性能

由于金刚石具有低吸收和优异的力学与导热性能使其成为长波(8~12μm)红外光学窗口材料的重要选择。对于许多极端条件的应用,化学气相沉积(CVD)金刚石自支撑膜的高温光学性质至关重要。应用直流电弧等离子喷射法制备光学级金刚石自支撑膜进行变化温度的红外光学透过性能研究,采用光学显微镜、X射线衍射、激光拉曼和傅里叶变换红外-拉曼光谱仪检测CVD金刚石膜的表面形貌、结构特征和红外光学性能。结果表明:在27℃时金刚石膜长波红外8~12μm之间的平均透过率达到65.95%,在500℃时8~12μm处的平均透过率为52.5%。透过率下降可分为3个阶段。对应于透过率随温度的下降,金刚石膜的吸收系数随温度的升高而增加。金刚石自支撑膜表面状态的变化,对金刚石膜光学性能的影响显著大于内部结构的影响。     

微纳马达行为控制与驱动燃料研究

人造微米马达是一种通过特定工艺制备而成的微米尺寸器件,在特定刺激下,能够实现各种各样的机械运动。微纳马达发展至今,取得了很多重大的突破和进展,科学家们通过多种材料制备了能在不同化学燃料中运动的微纳马达。主要对微纳马达行为控制与驱动燃料进行研究。     

直流调速系统不用测速机实现速度反馈探索

分析了实现速度反馈的几种途径,提出了一种不用测速机实现速度反馈的新思想,通过对一实验装置的研究证实了这一思想的可行性。