Preparation of Eu: YVO4 red and Ce, Tb: LaPO4 green phosphors by hydrolyzed colloid reaction (HCR) technique

Eu³⁺: YVO₄ red and Ce³⁺, Tb³⁺: LaPO₄ green phosphors were prepared by newly discovered hydrolized colloid reaction (HCR) technique at low temperature (< 100 °C) and atmospheric pressure utilizing subsequent calcining and reductive treatments, respectively. The incorporation of activators (Eu³⁺ and Ce³⁺, Tb³⁺) in these very porous powders was checked by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and luminescence investigations.     

An All Low‐Temperature Fabrication of Macroporous,Electrochemically Addressable Anatase Thin Films

Macroporous TiO₂ (anatase) thin films are fabricated by an all low‐temperature process in which substrates are dip‐coated in suspensions of mixed anatase nanoparticles and polystyrene beads, and the templating agents are removed by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation at a temperature below 50 °C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy show that the templating polymer beads are removed by UV irradiation combined with the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂. X‐Ray diffraction reveals that nanoparticle growth is negligible in UV irradiated films, while nanoparticle size increases by almost 10 times in calcined films that are prepared for comparison. The macroporous films are prepared on FTO‐(fluorine‐doped tin oxide) coated glass and ITO (indium tin oxide) coated flexible plastics and thereby used as working electrodes. In both cases, the films are electrochemically addressable, and cyclic voltammetry is consistent with the response of bulk TiO₂ for calcined films and of nanoscale‐TiO₂ for UV‐irradiated films.     

不同种类胶体在含水介质中沉积和释放特征

在进行粘土、高岭土和蒙脱石三种胶体在含水介质中沉积和释放试验的基础上,重点研究不同种类胶体在含水介质中迁移、沉积和释放的差异性,同时探讨了胶体的迁移-沉积机理。结果表明,相对于粘土胶体和蒙脱石胶体,高岭土胶体最不容易在含水介质中迁移。胶体开始释放浓度随孔隙体积数的增大迅速降低,随后变化缓慢,最后趋于稳定。粘土、蒙脱石和...     

Superlong-range interactions of colloids

Colloid particles have superlong-range attractive and repulsive forces. The distance between the secondary minimum of the potential energy of the interaction and the surface of the colloid is of the order of several μm and several tens of μm. These interactions clearly appear in the distribution of order-solution phase coexistence, in gathering particles to the ordered phase and in spontaneous pair formation. A new ‘Dynamic electrical multipole model and resonance effect’ is given. From this model, it is predicted that pairs will form in a shear field even in highly concentrated salt solution. Pair formation was observed after 24 hours as predicted.     

SBS改性乳化沥青生产新技术

简述改性乳化沥青的生产方法并介绍了一种生产SBS改性乳化沥青的新技术。     

蓝宝石衬底片化学机械抛光的研究

为了提高蓝宝石化学机械抛光（CMP）效果，对其抛光工艺进行了研究。采用SiO2磨料对蓝宝石衬底片进行抛光，分析了抛光时的温度、pH条件、磨料粒径及浓度，结果表明，采用80nm大粒径、高浓度的SiO2磨料，既可以保证抛光速率，又能得到良好的表面状；当pH值在10～12时，可加速蓝宝石在碱性条件下的化学反应速率，从而提高抛光速率；在30℃时，能较好地平衡化学作用与机械作用，获得平滑表面；加入适量添加剂，可增大反应产物的体积，易于提高机械作用的效果，以获得较高的去除速率。     

阳离子型有机高分子絮凝剂性能表征及应用

针对阳离子型有机高分子絮凝剂的应用性能，采用胶体滴定和黏度测定简单实用的方法进行表征。介绍了该絮凝剂的阳离子电荷密度和相对黏度指标对高色度废水脱色效果的影响和规律，并介绍了絮凝剂在工业化装置上的应用。     

水溶胶聚合物矿场配注技术

为适应马岭高含盐油藏聚合物驱油需要，建立了以１０％水解度和３０％浓度的水溶胶聚丙烯酰胺为配液原料的聚合物配注站，部分克服了国产干粉聚合物分子量偏低的缺点。流体流变学计算结果和矿场配注实践表明，本配注站流程设计合理，所配聚合物溶液的主要技术指标符合聚合物驱替地质方案要求。在新岭２６６单井试注中，已累计配注６００～１０００ｍｇ／Ｌ聚合物驱油剂溶液１８３０８ｍ３，注入压力由９ＭＰａ上升到１４．５ＭＰａ，井组综合含水率上升趋势已得到控制，日产油量开始回升，已初步显示出聚合物驱油效果     

常压蒸馏强化剂的研制与工业应用

研究以某炼油厂脱盐、脱水后的原油为原料 ,采用非离子型高分子有机聚合物作活性添加剂 ,强化常压蒸馏过程。介绍了常压蒸馏强化的机理 ,测定了强化剂对轻质油收率及产品质量的影响。实验室及工业应用结果表明 ,在原料油中加入 2 0 0 μg/ g的强化剂 ,可使轻质油收率提高 1.3个百分点以上 ,且产品质量有所改善。     

表面活性剂在烷基水杨酸钙盐制备中的应用

二步合成法制备复合型金属清净剂烷基水杨酸钙时应用了表面活性剂。以烷基水杨酸及氧化钙等为原料,在醇类及氨类化合物为促进剂的条件下合成了碱值达350 mgKOH／g的复合型金属清净剂钙盐产品。采用红外光谱等分析方法考察了该产品的胶体稳定性及添加剂中碱性组分碳酸盐的晶型结构;通过冷冻蚀刻电镜法观察了含碳酸盐的胶体粒子结构及粒度分布情况;应用四球试验机等考察了该产品的极压抗磨性能。结果表明,所合成的产品不但具有优良的高温清净性、一定的低温分散性、热稳定性、极压抗磨性,而且与磺酸盐类清净剂具有良好的相容性,是一种