三次采油中驱油剂与防膨剂配伍性的研究

研究了三次采油中驱油剂与防膨剂的配伍性.首先考察了驱油剂对驱油剂防膨剂防膨效果的影响,再研究了防膨剂对驱油剂界面张力及驱油效率的影响.结果表明,驱油剂基本上不影响防膨剂的使用效果;防膨剂使驱油剂的界面张力降至更低,同一种防膨剂对于不同驱油剂的驱油效率有不同的影响,驱油剂A驱油效率略有提高,驱油剂B驱油效率降低到13.97%,驱油剂C驱油效率大幅降低.     

Still No Evidence for Perfect Timesharing With Two Ideomotor-Compatible Tasks: A Reply to Greenwald (2003).

For 30 years, A. G. Greenwald and H. G. Shulman's (1973) psychological refractory period (PRP) study has been cited as evidence for perfect timesharing with ideomotor (IM)-compatible tasks. Recently, M.-C. Lien, R. W. Proctor, and P. A. Allen (2002) failed to replicate these results and concluded that IM compatibility is neither necessary nor sufficient to eliminate the PRP effect. A. G. Greenwald (2003) attributed Lien et al.'s nonreplication to the use of (a) a non-IM-compatible task, (b) varied trial spacing, and/or (c) inappropriate instructions. The authors of the present article argue that the first 2 factors are not critical and that instructions merely affect the criterion for speed versus accuracy. In each of Greenwald's experiments, dual-task costs were evident on response time or error rates. Furthermore, the small dual-task costs in his study are consistent with a bottleneck model. Thus, Greenwald (2003) does not provide evidence that IM-compatible tasks enable perfect timesharing. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Response Selection in Visual Search: The Influence of Response Compatibility of Nontargets.

The authors used visual search tasks in which components of the classic flanker task (B. A. Eriksen & C. W. Eriksen, 1974) were introduced. In several experiments the authors obtained evidence of parallel search for a target among distractor elements. Therefore, 2-stage models of visual search predict no effect of the identity of those distractors. However, clear compatibility effects of the distractors were obtained: Responses were faster when the distractors were compatible with the response than when they were incompatible. These results show that even in parallel search tasks identity information is extracted from the distractors. In addition, alternative interpretations of the results in terms of the occasional identification of a distractor before or after the target was identified could be ruled out. The results showed that flat search slopes obtained in visual search experiments provide no benchmark for preattentive processing. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

聚氨酯/碳纳米纤维复合材料的结构和抗凝血性能

分别采用溶液共混和熔融共混的方法制备出聚氯酯／碳纳米纤维复合材料，研究了碳纳米纤维对聚氯酯的热行为和表面微观化学组成的影响，并观察和测定了血小板在复合材料表面的粘附以及血液中血红蛋白浓度、纤维蛋白原浓度的变化，分析了碳纳米纤维对聚氯酯血液相容性的影响．结果表明，引入碳纳米纤维后，聚氯酯复合材料的表面氧含量有不同程度的提高，玻璃化转变温度及熔融温度都发生了改变；血小板在复合材料表面的粘附受到明显的抑制；经血泵循环4h后，在与聚氯酯复合材料表面接触的血液中，血红蛋白和纤维蛋白原浓度的变化相对减小；复合材料的血液相容性提高．     

电力系统微机型产品的电磁兼容设计

从分析电力系统中电磁干扰的来源、传输途径入手，对应用于电力系统的微机型产品设计中的电磁兼容问题进行了较为系统的探讨，并提出了行有效的解决措施。     

Fractional composition of partly hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate and its compatibility with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in aqueous solutions

Fractionation of partly hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate (PVA) was performed by warming of its aqueous solutions. The following properties of the obtained fractions were determined: viscosity, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution, surface tension, and absorbance in the IR range. The blockiness of the polymer molecules, characterized by their behaviour towards iodine-containing systems such as I₂,-H₃BO₃ and I₂,-KI, was estimated. Fractionation of the aqueous solutions of PVA by warming is based mainly on the different internal molecular structure of the separated products, i.e. on the length of the vinyl acetate blocks in the PVA molecules and, to a lesser extent, on the degree of hydrolysis and the degree of polymerization. The more blocklike are the PVA molecules, the less compatible are the polymers in the PVA-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-water system. At phase separation in this sytem the PVA molecules which are not compatible with HPMC are, in the first place, those of the highest blockiness.     

HPVC／PP共混改性研究：Ⅲ低分子量反应性化合物作相容剂

采用低分子量反应性化合物作相容剂，即化学交联体系来改善ＨＰＶＣ／ＰＰ共混物的相容性。考察了在不同共混比下，不同化学交联体系对共混物力学性能的影响，并观察了共混物的微观形态。结果表明，采用低分子量反应性化合物作相容剂，共混物的拉伸强度提高，但冲击强度无改善。分散相尺寸减小，相间粘接得到改善。并比较了３种增容方法的效果，发现ＣＰＥ是ＨＰＶＣ／ＰＰ共混物的最佳相容剂。     

Binodal and spinodal curves: a simulation for various high polymer mixtures

Flory's equation-of-state theory has been used to predict the lower critical solution temperature behaviour of polymer—polymer mixtures. The spinodal phase boundary of numbers of high molecular weight polymer mixtures have been previously simulated using this theory. In this paper a procedure for simultaneous predictions of the binodal and the spinodal curves by equating the chemical potential of each component in the mixture is presented. The method is tested for five different mixtures. The effects of the binary and pure component state parameters on the simulated curves are discussed and the simulated phase diagrams are compared with the experimental cloud point curves. It is found that in most cases the results are more consistent with the cloud point curve being closer to the spinodal curve than the binodal.     

Fundamentals of stability testing

The principles on which stability tests are based are reviewed. The need to differentiate between product stability and product-container compatibility is emphasized. Recognition of this distinction is fundamental to the efficient organisation and execution of stability tests.
Attention is also drawn to the desirability of having for every product a release specification with which it must comply when manufactured and a broader check specification with which it must comply throughout its shelf-life.
Test methods and the interpretation of the data accrued throughout a test are also discussed.
It is concluded that stability tests should not be conducted in accordance with a standardized routine pattern but that the objectives of each test should be defined and the test designed to achieve those objectives in the most efficient way.
Les regles fondamentales des essais de stabilite     

盐家油田油水井结垢原因探讨

对地层温度65～75℃的盐家油田油水井近井地带、井底、井筒发生严重结垢的原因进行了分析探讨。7口油井采出的地层水均为NaCO3型水．矿化度6．4～10g／L，HCO3浓度高（1．6～3．7g／L），Ca^2＋＋Mg^2＋浓度较低；1口水源井水及1口水井注入水为CaCl2型水，矿化度32～33g／L，Ca^2＋＋Mg^2＋浓度高（3．1～3．8g／L）而HCO3浓度低；采用CaCO3饱和指数法和CaSO4热力学溶解度法预测，在70℃下所有水样均有CaCO3结垢趋势，除3口油井采出的地层水外，均有CaSO4结垢趋势。3口油井采出的地层水与水源水在25℃按不同比例混合后，悬浮物含量大幅度上升。在70℃放置7天后再次大幅度上升，烘干的悬浮物易溶于稀盐酸．其主要成分为碳酸盐．说明注入水、地层水不配伍。1口电泵采油井和1口注水井油管垢样含盐酸可溶物（碳酸盐）超过90％。讨论了碳酸盐、硫酸盐垢的生成条件：温度、压力及pH值。图1表4参3。