Extraction of Singular Points from Dense Motion Fields: An Analytic Approach

In this paper we propose a new method to extract the vortices, sources, and sinks from the dense motion field preliminary estimated between two images of a fluid video. This problem is essential in meteorology for instance to identify and track depressions or convective clouds in satellite images. The knowledge of such points allows in addition a compact representation of the flow which is very useful in both experimental and theoretical fluid mechanics. The method we propose here is based on an analytic representation of the flow. This approach has the advantage of being robust, simple, fast and requires few parameters.     

孔板—均速管组合法测量汽—水两相流双参数

利用孔板与均速管组合在线测量汽—水两相流双参数，解决了稠油热采中同时测量蒸汽流量与干度的难题。其工作程序用Mcs-51单片机汇编语言编制而成，主程序由初始化、数据采集处理，热物理参数生成、汽—水两相流量、干度、质量流量、热量计算以及累计运算等模块组成。通过在现场进行标定；干度用化验CI^-法进行标定，流量用锅炉入口的涡轮流量计标定。经胜利和新疆两油田进行的大量试验可知，该仪表测量水蒸汽流量和干度其均方差皆小于7%，满足了工业应用要求。     

2006年SEG年会反映的各向异性研究新进展

介绍了2006年SEG年会上所反映的各向异性研究的新进展，主要包括：提高速度分析精度的各向异性速度分析参数正交化方法；影响裂隙储层预测的地震波动力学与运动学特征差异分析；验证现行裂隙硬币理论模型可靠性的不规则裂隙有效弹性参数计算分析；提高计算效率的波场延拓各向异性参数参考值优选Lloyd算法；常见TTI介质不同成像方法试验效果的比较。     

Oxygen-enrichment of YBa2Cu3 YBa2Cu3O7-δ using the fluidization techniqueusing the fluidization technique

The oxygen-deficient phase of the highT _c superconductor, YBa₂Cu₃O₇, was oxygen-enriched using the fluidization technique to give good superconducting properties. The normal method of oxygen treatment at 900°C for 24 h and at 600°C for 24 h has been reduced to just one treatment at 600°C for 12 h by the fluidization technique to achieve almost the same strength of superconducting signal for the YBa₂Cu₃O₇ powder, which establishes the attractiveness of the latter route for the large-scale preparation of superconducting material. The particle sizes were in the range 0–90, 90–180 and 180–420 μm. The fluidized particles were crystalline with orthorhombic distortion.T _c ^onset , estimated using the a.c. magnetic susceptibility method, was 91·3 K. The volume fraction of superconducting material in the product was 83·7–85·3%, one of the highest values reported so far for YBa₂Cu₃O₇.     

Paste Residence Time in a Spouted Bed Dryer. II: Effect of Spout Operational Conditions

Residence time distributions for an aqueous solution of 10% sodium chloride in a spouted bed dryer of inert particles were determined using the stimulus-response technique. Glass and polyethylene beads with diameters 2.6 and 3.4 mm were used as inert bodies in a cylindrical column of 14.0 cm diameter and 60° conical base. The effects of inert bodies load, air, and paste flow rates on the mean residence times and RTD were determined following 2³ factorial designs. The RTD could be correlated to the perfect mixing cell model with R² varying from 0.8684 to 0.9815. The mean residence times in CSBD varied from 10.8 to 13.9 and 10.7 to 13.3 min for glass and polyethylene beads, respectively. For both inert particles, mean residence times increased with bed height and decreased with paste feed rates. Also, terms of interaction among the factors were significant in some cases, showing a complex behavior of paste residence times. Equations obtained by response surface regression could predict mean residence times on glass and polyethylene beads with deviations lower than ±10%.     

丹江口工程大坝加高后的几个水力学问题

依托1∶100水工模型试验成果,重点介绍了丹江口大坝加高后的几个水力学问题如泄流能力、坝面压力特性、河床局部冲刷、下游河道流速流态、泄洪对电厂及航运的影响等.研究显示:大坝加高后泄流能力可满足设计要求,坝下河床冲刷加重,挑距加远,设计洪水22 300 m3/s时坝下冲坑最低点高程为43.0 m,各级泄量冲坑上游坡均缓于临界坡,也略缓于初期工程同级流量冲坑的上游坡;坝下600 m以内为护岸工程重点防护段,岸边流速为5.8～9.8 m/s;泄洪对丹江口电厂影响较小,对自备电站不利影响较为显著;最大通航流量6 200 m3/s时下游引航道口门区流态复杂,水流较混乱.     

Vapor-liquid equilibrium and volumetric properties calculations for solutions in the supercritical carbon dioxide

The calculations of gas solubilities in supercritical solvents require equations of state remaining accurate in the critical range, which are difficult to obtain with classical models. In this work, the Helmholtz energy of a mixture is considered as the sum of the Helmholtz energies of pure components taken at a constant packing fraction and of a residual term which may have the form of a RedlichKister, Van Laar, NRTL, UNIQUAC, or UNIFAC function. Thus it is possible to assign to a given component an equation of state whose form is different from that of the others. This model has been applied to binary systems containing supercritical carbon dioxide. The results are improved with respect to those obtained with the classical model for vapor-liquid equilibria and for volumetric properties.     

基于生态水深-流速法的河段生态需水量计算方法

在界定了生态流速和生态水深概念的基础上，提出了一种同时考虑河道本身参数(湿 周、糙率、水力坡度)和维持某一生态功能所需河流流量的水力学方法，避免了湿周法不能反映复式断面真实水位流量关系的缺点，并用于验证黄河上游小川河段生态需水量，同时用Tennant法作了对比。结果表明：用生态水深-流速法得到的小川河段生态流量优于Tennant法所计算的生态需水量，由于该方法考虑了生态流速和生态水深，故所得的结果符合实际情况。     

爆炸箔起爆系统初始电阻对爆发电流和飞片速度影响的数值模拟

研究了电爆炸箔起爆系统起爆回路初始电阻对爆发电流和冲击片雷管飞片速度的影响规律，分析了影响电爆炸箔起爆系统体系的因素，为在可靠发火条件下降低起爆系统体积提供设计参考。     

氧浓度对近临界水中纤维素分解的影响

研究了不同初始氧浓度对纤维素在近临界水中分解的影响，实验结果表明，氧浓度显著地影响产物总碳收支平衡，液相不同组分的收率、气体的产量以及气相产物的组成，微量氧对产物总碳收支平衡影响不大，而对液相不同组分的收率有一定的影响。从实验结果可以看出，离子型反应机理在纤维素水解的第一步中起主导作用。而单糖的进一步分解是一个以自由基反应机理为主的过程。