基于SoPC的双频激光回馈位移测量系统设计

介绍了一种基于SoPC的双频激光回馈位移测量系统的实现方法。该系统利用双频激光回馈理论和数字细分电路,对两路正交的光回馈信号采用五细分和四细分电路相结合进行细分处理,解决了单偏振光测量位移分辨率不高的问题。实验证明了本系统的可行性,精度达到了0.791 nm,是一种应用很好的位移测量系统。     

Effects of military load carriage on kinematics of gait

Manual load carriage is a universal activity and an inevitable part of the daily schedule of a soldier. Indian Infantry soldiers carry loads on the waist, back, shoulders and in the hands for a marching order. There is no reported study on the effects of load on gait in this population. It is important to evaluate their kinematic responses to existing load carriage operations and to provide guidelines towards the future design of heavy military backpacks (BPs) for optimising soldiers' performance. Kinematic changes of gait parameters in healthy male infantry soldiers whilst carrying no load (NL) and military loads of 4.2–17.5 kg (6.5–27.2% body weight) were investigated. All comparisons were conducted at a self-selected speed. Soldier characteristics were: mean (SD) age 23.3 (2.6) years; height 172.0 (3.8) cm; weight 64.3 (7.4) kg. Walk trials were collected using a 3-D Motion Analysis System. Results were subjected to one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett post hoc test. There were increases in step length, stride length, cadence and midstance with the addition of a load compared to NL. These findings were resultant of an adaptive phenomenon within the individual to counterbalance load effect along with changes in speed. Ankle and hip ranges of motion (ROM) were significant. The ankle was more dorsiflexed, the knee and hip were more flexed during foot strike and helped in absorption of the load. The trunk showed more forward leaning with the addition of a load to adjust the centre of mass of the body and BP system back to the NL condition. Significant increases in ankle and hip ROM and trunk forward inclination (≥10°) with lighter loads, such as a BP (10.7 kg), BP with rifle (14.9 kg) and BP with a light machine gun (17.5 kg), may cause joint injuries. It is concluded that the existing BP needs design improvisation specifically for use in low intensity conflict environments.

Statement of Relevance:The present study evaluates spatial, temporal and angular changes at trunk and limb joints during military load carriage of relatively lighter magnitude. Studies on similar aspects on the specific population are limited. These data can be used for optimising load carriage and designing ensembles, especially a heavy BP, for military operations.     

储层应力敏感性对致密气藏压裂水平井试井分析的影响

针对致密气藏储层特征,采用解析解与数值解相结合的半解析法,建立了考虑储层应力敏感性和裂缝导流能力的致密砂岩气藏多段压裂水平井渗流数学模型,提出了一种考虑储层应力敏感效应的致密砂岩气藏压裂水平井试井分析方法.通过模型求解,对比分析了不同压裂规模的水平井试井解释压力动态曲线,并明确了储层应力敏感性对压降、压恢试井分析的影响.     

真空-堆载联合预压法在软土路基处理中的应用

以苏州市工业园区桑田岛河湖相软土地基为研究背景,介绍了真空-堆载联合预压法的加固机理和桑田岛软土地基的工程地质条件,经过现场踏勘和室内土工试验的分析拟采用真空-堆载联合预压法对该软土地基进行处理。通过对真空预压试验段的地表沉降、水平位移的监测分析,对路基加固效果进行了评价,认为本试验段采用真空-堆载联合预压法处理是成功的,有效的提高了软土地基的物理力学性质及承载能力,在类似工程中推广应用是可行的。     

近间距重叠隧道施工对桥桩变形影响研究

以武汉4、6号线某区间在建地铁为背景,运用FLAC2D数值模拟方法,研究了平面应变条件下近间距重叠隧道施工在不同地层损失率、不同开挖顺序下对铁路桥群桩基础的变形影响.数值模拟结果表明,地层损失率为0.2～1.5%时,盾构隧道开挖引起的铁路桥群桩基础变形满足安全要求;当地层损失率大于1.5%时,为有效控制邻近群桩基础变形,应采取相关方案,预先加固隧道周边土体不失为一种方法.     

双排桩支护结构有限元模拟及优化设计分析

针对当前城市基坑开挖场地狭窄、周边环境复杂,对深基坑的变形要求越来越严格这一特点,采用FLAC3D有限元软件对某一深基坑工程开挖和双排桩支护的过程进行了模拟和分析,并通过改变桩间距,前、后排桩的桩长对基坑水平变形和坑壁沉降量进行了优化设计。分析得出了基于基坑变形控制下的,桩间距和桩长的合理的设计取值.     

陡坡双桩柱式桥墩位移的有限元分析

针对山区陡坡桥墩的复杂受力特点,根据某陡坡双桩柱式桥墩的工程实际情况,结合室内试验模型,利用ADINA有限元分析程序,分别采用顺桥水平荷载、竖向荷载、坡顶荷载和复杂荷载等不同加载方式对桩柱式桥墩进行数值分析.模拟结果表明:在顺桥水平荷载作用下或竖向荷载作用下,前后桩柱的墩顶位移不同,前桩墩的位移较后桩墩的大,且随着荷载的增加其差值也越来越大;在坡顶荷载作用下墩顶也产生竖向位移,前墩顶的竖向位移较后墩顶的大,但是随着坡顶荷载的增大其差值越来越小;在复杂荷载作用下前、后桩柱的墩顶位移较单一荷载下的相应值都要大.     

一种基于RBM的深层神经网络音素识别方法

为提高连续语音识别中的音素识别准确率,采用深可信网络提取语音音素后验概率进行音素识别.首先利用受限玻尔兹曼机的学习原理,对深可信网络进行逐层的预训练;然后通过增加一个“软最大化（softmax）”输出层,得到用于音素状态后验概率检测的深层神经网络,并采用后向传播算法进行网络权值的精细调整;最后以后验概率为HMM发射概率,使用Viterbi解码器进行音素识别.针对TIMIT语料库的实验结果表明,该系统的音素识别率优于GMM/HMM,MLP/HMM和TANDEM系统性能.     

单调荷载下带加劲肋钢板混凝土剪力墙力学性能有限元分析

目的 研究一种新型带加劲肋钢板的混凝土剪力墙的力学性能.方法 利用ABAQUS有限元软件在剪力墙顶端加侧向位移,针对不同参数如轴压比,剪力墙厚度,钢板厚度等的剪力墙的力学性能进行研究,分析剪力墙的承载力和屈服位移.结果 剪力墙的承载能力随着内置于剪力墙的钢板厚度,剪力墙的厚度,轴压比,混凝土强度等级的增加而增加.带加劲肋钢板的剪力墙比普通混凝土剪力墙的承载能力和屈服位移都有很大的提高,钢板对剪力墙屈服后强度的提高有很大帮助.结论 带加劲肋的钢板内置于剪力墙中能大幅度提升剪力墙的单调荷载下的力学性能.