Real-world extensions to scheduling algorithms based on lagrangian relaxation

Recently, efficient scheduling algorithms based on Lagrangian relaxation have been proposed for scheduling parallel machine systems and job shops. In this article, we develop real-world extensions to these scheduling methods. In the first part of the paper, we consider the problem of scheduling single operation jobs on parallel identical machines and extend the methodology to handle multiple classes of jobs, taking into account setup times and setup costs. The proposed methodology uses Lagrangian relaxation and simulated annealing in a hybrid framework. In the second part of the paper, we consider a Lagrangian relaxation based method for scheduling job shops and extend it to obtain a scheduling methodology for a real-world flexible manufacturing system with centralized material handling. This research was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research and the Department of Science and Technology grant N00014-93-1017.     

挠性抗回旋PDC钻头的有限元分析

回旋是导致PDC钻头早期失效的主要原因，介绍了一种基于挠性钻头的构想设计的抗回旋PDC钻头，阐述了其结构和抗回旋原理。对挠性钻头的公、母接头进行了有限元应力分析，说明了模型建立、网格划分以及约束和载荷施加过程中所采用的方法和关键技术。有限元分析结果表明挠性钻头的强度满足要求。     

柔性植物阻流特性研究

河流中的植物不仅影响河流的泄洪能力而且在生态的修复中起重要作用,因此对含植物明渠水流的阻力特性及紊流特性的研究显得非常重要。将河道中含柔性植物的水流视为充分发展了的紊流,在实验室中用特定材料模拟柔性植物,通过水槽试验用三维ADV对淹没柔性植物段紊流特性进行了测量研究,分析了含淹没柔性植物明渠水流的水力学特性及阻力特性并得出其曼宁糙率n的变化规律。对试验结果分析表明,含淹没柔性植物的垂向流速分布不再符合指数分布;其紊流具有明显的各向异性特性;植物冠层交界处,水流紊动交换强烈,该处紊流强度及雷诺应力出现最大值。     

柔性制造系统的托盘优化

本文讨论Job-shop型柔性制造系统的托盘优化问题,给出了求最小托盘数的算法,把托 盘优化问题化成了求解线性整数规划问题.     

A decision-making approach to the operation of flexible manufacturing systems

This paper introduces a generic decision-making framework for assigning resources of a manufacturing system to production tasks. Resources are broadly defined production units, such as machines, human operators, or material handling vehicles; and tasks are activities performed by resources. In the specific context of FMS, resources correspond to individual machines; tasks correspond to operations to be performed on parts. The framework assumes a hierarchical structure of the system and calls for the execution of four consecutive steps to make a decision for the assignment of a resource to a task. These steps are 1) establishment of decision-making criteria, 2) formation of alternative assignments, 3) estimation of the consequences of the assignments, and 4) selection of the best alternative assignment. This framework has been applied to an existing FMS as an operational policy that decides what task will be executed on which resource of this FMS. Simulation runs provide some initial results of the application of this policy. It is shown that the policy provides flexibility in terms of system performance and computational effort.     

柔性管自激振动减阻效果的实验研究

在实验确认柔性管紊流减阻效果的基础上,采用双重管结构,对柔性管的自激振动减阻效果进行了实验研究。结果表明:管的壁厚越小自激振动的减阻率越大;在雷诺数约为2.2×104时,壁厚为2 mm,3 mm及4 mm的柔性管自激振动减阻率依次约为13%,10%,8%。     

多量程数据采集记录装置的设计

通常的数据采集与记录装置不易实现多量程测量。通过对标度方程进行分析得知,要改变量程只须改变两个参数——标度因子和量程下限。我们设计了一个使用单片机的多量程数据采集和记录装置,能处理多达256种量程。本文叙述了算法分析、硬件和软件的设计以及该装置的性能指标。     

空调系统柔性风管压力损失特性实验与分析

介绍了柔性风管压力损失的理论模型。通过实验研究了两种常用柔性风管在全伸展状态时的压力损失,得出了它们的绝对粗糙度值。给出了柔性风管完全展开时的阻力计算图,可供工程设计时使用。     

伪倾斜柔性掩护支架采煤工作面管理信息系统分析

应用管理信息系统的有关理论，对某急倾斜煤层矿井的141301工作面的生产情况进行了全面分析，并提出了改善工作面管理和提高效率的方向。     

桥梁板式橡胶支座局部脱空设计成因分析

经过对支座转角组合进行的分析,在研究柔性高墩墩顶转角位移计算方法的基础上,提出了更加严密的支座转角验算修正公式,得出修正后的转角验算公式易于应用的结论,对于保证板式橡胶支座在使用过程中不脱空有重要的意义。